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Kino, M.,Takahara, F.,Hada, K.,Akiyama, K.,Nagai, H.,Sohn, B. W. IOP Publishing 2015 The Astrophysical journal Vol.803 No.1
<P>We explore the degree of magnetization at the jet base of M87 by using the observational data of the event horizon telescope (EHT) at 230 GHz obtained by Doeleman et al. By utilizing the method in Kino et al., we derive the energy densities of the magnetic fields (U-B) and electrons and positrons (U-+/-) in the compact region detected by EHT (the EHT region) with its FWHM size. 40 mu as. First, we assume that an optically thick region for synchrotron self-absorption (SSA) exists in the EHT. region. Then, we find that the SSA-thick region should not be too large, in order to. not. overproduce the Poynting power at the EHT. region. The allowed ranges of the angular size and the magnetic-field strength of the SSA-thick region are 21 mu as <= theta(thick) <= 26.3 mu as and 50 G <= B-tot <= 124 G, respectively. Correspondingly, U-B >> U-+/- is realized in this case. We further examine the composition of plasma and energy density of protons by utilizing the Faraday rotation measurement at 230 GHz obtained by Kuo et al. Then, we find that U-B >> U-+/- + U-p still holds in the SSA-thick region. Second, we examine the case when the EHT. region is fully SSA-thin. Then, we find that U-B >> U-+/- still holds unless protons are relativistic. Thus, we conclude that the magnetically driven jet scenario in M87 is viable in terms of energetics close to the Innermost Stable Circular Orbit scale unless the EHT. region is fully SSA-thin and relativistic protons dominated.</P>
DISCOVERY OF A WANDERING RADIO JET BASE AFTER A LARGE X-RAY FLARE IN THE BLAZAR MARKARIAN 421
Niinuma, K.,Kino, M.,Doi, A.,Hada, K.,Nagai, H.,Koyama, S. IOP Publishing 2015 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.807 No.1
<P>We investigate the location of the radio jet bases ('radio cores') of blazars in radio images and their stationarity by means of dense very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations. In order to measure the position of a radio core, we conducted a 12 epoch astrometric observation of the blazar Markarian 421 with the VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry at 22 GHz immediately after a large X-ray flare, which occurred in the middle of 2011 September. For the first time, we find that the radio core is not stationary but rather changes its location toward 0.5 mas downstream. This angular scale corresponds to the de-projected length of a scale of 10(5) Schwarzschild radii (R-s) at the distance of Markarian 421. This radio-core wandering may be a new type of manifestation associated with the phenomena of large X-ray flares.</P>
Relationship of IGF-I mRNA Levels to Tissue Development in Chicken Embryos of Different Strains
Kita, K.,Noda, C.,Miki, K.,Kino, K.,Okumura, J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.12
Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) mRNA levels in the eyes, heart, liver and breast muscle removed from dwarf egg-type, normal egg-type and normal meat-type chicken embryos at 7, 14 and 20 days of incubation were measured. There was no influence of chicken strain on IGF-I gene expression in the eyes and liver. The IGF-I gene expression in eyes increased significantly along with the incubation period. In the liver, IGF-I gene expression at 20 days of incubation was significantly higher than that at 14 days of incubation. In the muscle, the lowest value for IGF-I gene expression was observed in meat-type chicken embryos. Regression analysis revealed that IGF-I gene expression was significantly correlated to the weights of the eyes and liver, but not the muscle. We conclude that there is little influence of strain on tissue IGF-I gene expression in chicken embryos during incubation but that tissue development in chicken embryos is nevertheless at least partly regulated by the change in IGF-I gene expression.
Y. Kiyanagi,K. Kino,M. Furusaka,F. Hiraga,T. Kamiyama,K. Kato,M. Igashira,T. Katabuchi,M. Mizumoto,M. Oshima,H. Harada,J. Katakura,K. Furutaka,S. Goko,A. Kimura,T. Kin,F. Kitatani,M. Koizumi,S. Nakamu 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
A project on the comprehensive nuclear data research for the development of the advanced reactor systems had been executed successfully by eight organizations from 2005 to 2009. In this project, we constructed a pulsed neutron beamline that was aimed to obtain neutron capture cross-sections of long-lived fission products and minor actinides accurately. The energy spectra, spatial distributions, and pulses of the beam were studied by measurements and simulation calculations, and they were found to be consistent with those of the beamline design. In this paper, we present the overview of the project and the properties of the neutron beam provided by this beam line.
SAWADA-SATOH, S.,AKIYAMA, K.,NIINUMA, K.,NAGAI, H.,KINO, M.,D'AMMANDO, F.,KOYAMA, S.,HADA, K.,ORIENTI, M.,HONMA, M.,SHIBATA, K.M. The Korean Astronomical Society 2015 天文學論叢 Vol.30 No.2
We present a kinematic study of the parsec-scale radio jet in OJ 287, one of the most studied BL Lac objects, during ${\gamma}$-ray flares, to explore the relation between parsec-scale radio jet activity and ${\gamma}$-ray emission. The 22-GHz light curve of OJ 287 show three obvious flare events around 2011 May, 2011 October, and 2012 March. The second radio flare occurred during the ${\gamma}$-ray flaring period, and the third radio flare seemed to precede the ${\gamma}$-ray flare by one month. One jet component moved outward with respect to the core component with an apparent superluminal speed (~ 11c) from 2010 November to 2011 November. Then it changed direction, moving apparently inward in 2011 November, when the ${\gamma}$-ray flare occurred. The observed apparent inward motion of the jet at 22 GHz could be caused by a new jet component, unresolved at 22 GHz, in the innermost region.
Fossil Shell in 3C 84 as TeV<i>γ</i>-Ray Emitter and Cosmic-Ray Accelerator
Kino, M.,Ito, H.,Wajima, K.,Kawakatu, N.,Nagai, H.,Itoh, R. American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Vol.843 No.2
<P>We explore physical properties of the shocked external medium (i. e., a shell) in 3C 84 associated with the recurrent radio lobe born around 1960. In the previous work of Ito et al., we investigated a dynamical and radiative evolution of such a shell after the central engine stops the jet launching, and we found that a fossil- shell emission overwhelms that of the rapidly fading radio lobe. We apply this model to 3C 84 and find the following.. (1) The fossil shell made of shocked diffuse ambient matter with the number density of 0.3 cm(-3) radiates bright inverseCompton (IC) emission with the seed photons of the radio emission from the central compact region and the IC emission is above the sensitivity threshold of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). (2) When the fossil shell is produced in a geometrically. thick ionized plasma with the number density of 10(3)cm(-3),. the field strength in the shell may reach about 17. mG in the presence of magnetic fields amplification and the radio emission becomes comparable to the sensitivity of deep imaging VLBI observations. The. possible production of ultra high-energy cosmic-rays (UHECRs) in the dense shocked plasma is also argued.</P>
Fossil shell emission in dying radio loud AGNs
Kino, M.,Ito, H.,Kawakatu, N.,Orienti, M.,Nagai, H.,Wajima, K.,Itoh, R. WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2016 Astronomische Nachrichten Vol.337 No.1
<P>We investigate shell emission associated with dying radio loud AGNs. First, based on our recent work by Ito et al. (2015), we describe the dynamical and spectral evolution of shells after stopping the jet energy injection. We find that the shell emission overwhelms that of the radio lobes soon after stopping the jet energy injection because fresh electrons are continuously supplied into the shell via the forward shock, while the radio lobes rapidly fade out without jet energy injection. We find that such fossil shells can be a new class of target sources for SKA telescope. Next, we apply the model to the nearby radio source 3C84. Then, we find that the fossil shell emission in 3C84 is less luminous in the radio band while it is bright in the TeV gamma-ray band and can be detectable by CTA. (C) 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim</P>
Discovery of off-axis jet structure of TeV blazar Mrk 501 with mm-VLBI
Koyama, S.,Kino, M.,Giroletti, M.,Doi, A.,Giovannini, G.,Orienti, M.,Hada, K.,Ros, E.,Niinuma, K.,Nagai, H.,Savolainen, T.,Krichbaum, T. P.,Pé,rez-Torres, M. Á,. Springer-Verlag 2016 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.586 No.-
T. Kin,K. Furutaka,S. Goko,H. Harada,A. Kimura,F. Kitatani,S. Nakamura,M. Ohta,M. Oshima,Y. Toh,J. Hori,M. Igashira,T. Katabuchi,M. Koizumi,M. Mizumoto,T. Kamiyama,K. Kino,Y. Kiyanagi 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
A ``4π germanium spectrometer'' was developed for measurements of neutron capture cross sections of minor actinides and long-lived fission products. It was installed on the Beam Line No. 04 of the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex. The time-of-flight method is used to measure the cross sections. To obtain characteristics of the spectrometer, a measurement was done of prompt gamma rays emitted following neutron capture reactions of gold whose cross section was well studied. In the present paper, we show the procedure of analysis of the data obtained with the spectrometer and discuss the characteristics to measure neutron capture cross section.