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No Genetic Differentiation of Elaphe schrenckii Subspecies in Korea Based on 9 Microsatellite Loci
Junghwa,Daesik Park,Junghyun Lee,Kyung-Seok Kim,Hang Lee,Mi-Sook Min 한국동물분류학회 2010 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.26 No.1
The Russian ratsnake, Elaphe schrenckii, is found in Russia, China, and Korea, and is considered to be an endangered species by the Ministry of Environment in South Korea. Due to habitat loss and use in oriental medicine, their population has been severely decimated. In South Korea, two subspecies of E. schrenckii has been defined according to body color: E. s. schrenckii (blackish) and E. s. anomala (yellow-brownish). Molecular genetic studies on Elaphe schrenckii are very scarce and the taxonomy of Elaphe schrenckii subspecies is uncertain. From the present study, we attempted to identify the genetic differences of these two subspecies using species-specific microsatellites developed from the genomic library of E. schrenckii. Nine polymorphic loci were tested on 19 individuals from E. s. schrenckii (n=10) and E. s. anomala (n=9) in South Korea. The mean number of alleles was 3.78 in E. s. schrenckii and 4.11 in E. s. anomala. The average expected heterozygosity was 0.542 and 0.511 in E. s. schrenckii and E. s. anomala, respectively. We found a lack of genetic structure between two subspecies (FST=0.016) and no genetic discrimination between two subspecies was found. Based on the present findings by microsatellites, two subspecies can be considered as one species, E. schrenckii. However, further investigations on taxonomical status using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences need to be performed and morphological & ecological data should be revised. The genetic markers should benefit future studies of the endangered species of other Elaphe species for the study of genetic diversity and potential conservation management.
아사미문고 언해본 『廣濟秘?鄕藥五十種治法』 발굴과 그 의의
박상영(Sangyoung Park),안상우(Sangwoo Ahn),이정화(Junghwa Lee),한창현(Changhyun Han),권오민(Ohmin Kwon) 한국한의학연구원 2011 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.17 No.1
『Kwangje-bikeup(廣濟秘?)』 is the medical volume that was written in 1790 just in a span of three months by Lee-kyunghwa under the auspices of Lee-byungmo, the then governor of Hamkyung province. The short time of three months is deemed the urgent need of medical book that dealt with famine and epidemic rampant around the northern provinces of Joseon Dynasty at the time. 『Kwangje-bikeup』 focuses on emergent diseases in such a way that the first-aid treatments of those was arranged in the first part, followed by the chapter of "miscellaneous diseases", "obstetrics and gynecology" and "pediatrics". This book is composed of the division four and postscript of the 『Kwangje-bikeup』, reconfigured into Korean vernacular language in order to maximize the comprehensibility and usefulness of first-aid medicines. Vernacular translation was meant for the easy access to medical treatments by grass-roots that were illiterate to abstruse Chinese. This was the exact same case with first-aid writings such as 『Eonhae-gugeupbang(諺解救急方)』 and 『Gugeup-kanyibang(救急簡易方諺解)』. One of the medical challenges in Joseon Dynasty was the shortage of medicines. Accordingly medicines easily found in Korean Peninsula were generally favored as a treatment, which was exemplifiedd as a unique feature in medical books mentioned above. Another feature of Korean medical writings was the manual-like explanation of treatment practices in medical writing rather than long and unintelligible ones of etiology and pathology, and the adoption of "one medical stuff for cure" policy. It represents the localization of imported medical knowledge and practices from outside. This book originated from such historical stream that was marked by the characteristics listed above.
커먼레일 디젤자동차의 난방성능 향상을 위한 보조냉각수펌프적용에 관한 실험적 연구
이정화(JungHwa Lee),용기중(GeeJoong Yong),이종현(JongHyun Lee),이광범(KwnagBum Lee),김희준(HeeJun Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2005 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.11_3
The automotive thermal management is responsible for maintaining engine warmup and passenger compartment temperatures, which promote passenger comfort in Common Rail Direct Injection. High efficient engine which is recently developed has been insufficiency heat capacity and the problems of defrosting and thermal comport of passenger. Electric auxiliary heating systems is required to improve the heating performance of cabin temperature. Keeping up a comfortable environment in the cabin, it should increase the coolant flow rate of heater core during low ambient temperature conditions. Therefore, purpose of this study is to evaluate the Auxiliary Water Pump for improving heat performance through management of the coolant flow rate in CRDI which implemented with Positive Temperature Coefficient.
Subspecific Status of the Korean Tiger Inferred by Ancient DNA Analysis
Mu-Yeong Lee,Jee Yun Hyun,Seo-Jin Lee,Junghwa An,Eunok Lee,Mi-Sook Min,Junpei Kimura,Shin-ichiro Kawada,Nozomi Kurihara,Shu-Jin Luo,Stephen J. O’Brien,Warren E. Johnson,Hang Lee 한국동물분류학회 2012 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.28 No.1
The tiger population that once inhabited the Korean peninsula was initially considered a unique subspecies (Panthera tigris coreensis), distinct from the Amur tiger of the Russian Far East (P. t. altaica). However, in the following decades, the population of P. t. coreensis was classified as P. t. altaica and hence forth the two populations have been considered the same subspecies. From an ecological point of view, the classification of the Korean tiger population as P. t. altaica is a plausible conclusion. Historically, there were no major dispersal barriers between the Korean peninsula and the habitat of Amur tigers in Far Eastern Russia and northeastern China that might prevent gene flow, especially for a large carnivore with long-distance dispersal abilities. However, there has yet to be a genetic study to confirm the subspecific status of the Korean tiger. Bone samples from four tigers originally caught in the Korean peninsula were collected from two museums in Japan and the United States. Eight mitochondrial gene fragments were sequenced and compared to previously published tiger subspecies’ mtDNA sequences to assess the phylogenetic relationship of the Korean tiger. Three individuals shared an identical haplotype with the Amur tigers. One specimen grouped with Malayan tigers, perhaps due to misidentification or mislabeling of the sample. Our results support the conclusion that the Korean tiger should be classified as P. t. altaica, which has important implications for the conservation and reintroduction of Korean tigers.
Kang, Jian,Song, Young Joo,Jeon, Sujeong,Lee, Junghwa,Lee, Eunsook,Lee, Ju-Yeun,Lee, Euni,Bang, Jae Seung,Lee, Si Un,Han, Moon-Ku,Oh, Chang Wan,Kim, Tackeun The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2021 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.64 No.4
Objective : While balanced crystalloid (BC) could be a relevant fluid regimen with buffer system compared with normal saline (NS), there have been no studies on the optimal fluid for surgery of an unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA). This study aimed to compare the effects of fluid regimens between NS and BC on the metabolic and clinical outcomes of patients who underwent surgery for UIA. Methods : This study was designed as a propensity score matched retrospective comparative study and included adult patients who underwent UIA clipping. Patient groups were categorized as NS and BC groups based on the types of pre-operative fluid and the amount of fluid administered during surgery. The primary outcomes were defined as electrolyte imbalance and acidosis immediately after surgery. The secondary outcomes were the length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) and duration from the end of the operation to extubation. Results : A total of 586 patients were enrolled in this study, with each of 293 patients assigned to the NS and BC groups, respectively. Immediately after surgery, serum chloride levels were significantly higher in the NS group. Compared to the NS group, the BC group had lower incidence rates of acidemia (6.5% vs. 11.6%, p=0.043) and metabolic acidosis (0.7% vs. 4.4%, p=0.007). As compared to NS group, BC group had significantly shorter duration from the end of the operation to extubation (250±824 vs. 122±372 minutes, p=0.016) and length of stay in ICU (1.37±1.11 vs. 1.12±0.61 days, p=0.001). Throughout multivariable analysis, use of BC was found to be significant factor for favorable post-operative results. Conclusion : This study showed that the patients who received BC during UIA clipping had lower incidence of metabolic acidosis, earlier extubation and shorter ICU stay compared to those who received NS. Therefore, using BC as a peri-operative fluid can be recommended for patients who undergo surgery for UIA.
Secondary infection of the umbilical keloid : report of three cases and literature review
( Junghwa Yang ),( Hyeon Jeong Park ),( Yunho Lee ),( Jung Yup Kim ),( Sunmin Yim ),( Jae Yun Lim ),( Young Jun Choi ),( Jae-hui Nam ),( Ga-young Lee ),( Won-serk Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.1
As many surgical operations have been replaced by laparoscopic surgery, the number of umbilical keloid patients is gradually increasing. Generally, as keloids are painful in the disease itself, clinical differentiation with secondary infection could be difficult. If a thick keloid is formed, it may be a hard problem to confirm the fluctuation and heat sensation in the physical examination. For these reasons, rapid and appropriate surgical intervention can be delayed in numerous umbilical keloid patients. We experienced three cases of secondary keloid infection in our hospital. In two middle-aged women with tenderness of the keloid, an inflammatory epidermoid cyst was identified by incisional biopsy. Pus from the both patients was sent for microbiological examination, but any significant bacteria growth that might be a pathogenicity factor was not found. Both patients were treated by empirical antibiotics and pus drainage with sterile packing dressing. In the other patient, the cause of repeated keloid inflammation was found to be an iatrogenic small peritoneal defect due to previous surgery. She was sent to general surgery part for additional diagnostic work-up and proper management. From these, we could infer the inflammation of umbilical keloid can be caused by a lot of reasons and require much attention for diagnosis. Thus, we will discuss appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approach for secondary infection of umbilical keloid.
Junghwa Lee,주태하 대한화학회 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.3
Photophysics of 10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinoline (HBQ) has been in controversy, in particular, on the nature of the electronic states before and after the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), even though the dynamics and mechanism of the ESIPT have been well established. We report highly time resolved fluorescence spectra over the full emission frequency regions of the enol and keto isomers and the anisotropy in time domain to determine the accurate rates of the population decay, spectral relaxation and anisotropy decay of the keto isomer. We have shown that the ~300 fs component observed frequently in ESIPT dynamics arises from the S2→S1 internal conversion in the reaction product keto isomer and that the ESIPT occurs from the enol isomer in S1 state to the keto isomer in S2 state.