Supplemented vaccination with tandem repeat M2e virus-like particles enhances protection against homologous and heterologous HPAI H5 viruses in chickens

Song, B.M.,Kang, H.M.,Lee, E.K.,Jung, S.C.,Kim, M.C.,Lee, Y.N.,Kang, S.M.,Lee, Y.J. Butterworths ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Vaccine Vol.34 No.5

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 viruses derived from A/Goose/Guangdong/1/96 have been continuously circulating globally, severely affecting the public health and poultry industries. The matrix 2 protein ectodomain (M2e) is considered a promising candidate for a universal cross-protective influenza vaccine that provides more effective control over HPAI H5 viruses harboring variant hemagglutinin (HA)-antigens. Here, we evaluated the protective efficacy of a tandem repeat construct of heterologous M2e presented on virus-like particles (M2e5x VLPs) either alone or as a supplement against HPAI H5 viruses in a chicken model. Chickens immunized with M2e5x VLPs alone induced M2e-specific antibodies but were not protected against HPAI H5. The homo- and cross-protective efficacy of M2e5x VLP-supplemented vaccination of chickens was also examined. Importantly, supplementation with M2e5x VLPs induced significantly higher levels of antibodies specific for M2e and different viruses as well as provided improved protection against homologous and heterologous HPAI H5 viruses. Considering the limited efficacy of inactivated vaccines, supplement vaccination with M2e5x VLPs may be an effective measure for preventing outbreaks of HPAI viruses that have the ability to constantly change their antigenic properties in poultry.

미세각막절개도 헤드의 선택을 통한 맞춤식각막절개방식의 라식

강민호,송유미,강성민,박영숙,최철영,이윤정,이병로.Min Ho Kang. M.D.. Yoo Mi Song. M.D.. Sung Min Kang. M.D.. Young Sook Park. M.D.. Chul Young Choi. M.D.. Yoon Jung Lee. M.D.. Byung Ro Lee. M.D. 대한안과학회 2006 대한안과학회지 Vol.47 No.2

Purpose: To compare the intraoperative and postoperative complication rates and visual outcomes with M2 130 head (thick flap group) and M2 110 head (thin flap group). Methods: One-hundred-ninety-five eyes of 104 patients who underwent LASIK with the Moria M2 microkeratome and Allegretto-wave laser were reviewed retrospectively. Selection of M2 heads was based on preoperative pachymetry and estimated ablation depth. Intraoperative and postoperative flap-related complications, mean postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), and mean spherical equivalent (MSE) were evaluated and compared. Results: Mean follow-up was 8.1 months. The number of eyes, preoperative MSE and mean corneal thickness of M2 130 were 115, -4.04±1.63diopter (D) and 549.40±39.16??m, and 85, -6.61±3.43D and 525.16±24.53 ?m, respectively, in the 110 head group. Mean UCVA and MSE at postoperative 1 week, 3 months and 6 months were 1.00±0.18, -0.26±0.49D; 1.07±0.68, -0.40±0.51D; and 1.01±0.22, -0.51±0.50D, respectively, in the 130 head group, and 0.90±0.23, -0.46±1.02D; 0.91±0.23, -0.67±0.79D; 0.85±0.46, -0.75±0.88D, respectively, in the 110 head group. There were no significant differences in intraoperative and postoperative flap-related complication rates between the two groups (p=0.316). There were no statistically significant differences in postoperative mean UCVA or MSE between the two groups (p>0.05), except for MSE at the third and sixth postoperative months (p=0.005, 0.013). Conclusions: Proper selection of M2 heads by preoperative pachymetry allowed for an adequate residual stroma bed with good visual outcome. Utilizing one single microkeratome and switching between two heads was advantageous and cost-effective.

Interconversion between cyclodimer and cyclotrimer: Synthesis and characterization of cyclo-[Pd(II)Cl₂(N-N)] complexes

Kang, H.J.,Noh, T.H.,Na, Y.M.,Yoo, K.H.,Jung, O.S. Elsevier Sequoia [etc.] 2009 Inorganica chimica acta Vol.362 No.6

The reaction of (COD)PdCl<SUB>2</SUB> (COD=1,5-cyclooctadiene) with (3-Py)<SUB>2</SUB>SiR<SUB>1</SUB>R<SUB>2</SUB> (3-Py=3-pyridyl; R<SUB>1</SUB>=Ph, R<SUB>2</SUB>=Ph (m-pdps); R<SUB>1</SUB>=Ph, R<SUB>2</SUB>=Me (m-pmps)) in acetone affords single crystals consisting of cyclodimers, [PdCl<SUB>2</SUB>((3-Py)<SUB>2</SUB>SiR<SUB>1</SUB>R<SUB>2</SUB>)]<SUB>2</SUB>, whereas the same reaction in a mixture of dichloromethane and ethanol yields amorphous spheres consisting of cyclotrimers, [PdCl<SUB>2</SUB>((3-Py)<SUB>2</SUB>SiR<SUB>1</SUB>R<SUB>2</SUB>)]<SUB>3</SUB>. In a boiling chloroform solution, the cyclodimers are completely converted to cyclotrimers. These cyclotrimers, in the 10-60<SUP>o</SUP>C range, are partly returned to cyclodimers. By contrast, the reaction of (COD)PdCl<SUB>2</SUB> with (3-Py)<SUB>2</SUB>SiR<SUB>1</SUB>R<SUB>2</SUB> (R<SUB>1</SUB>=Bu, R<SUB>2</SUB>=Me (m-pbms); R<SUB>1</SUB>=dodecyl, R<SUB>2</SUB>=Me (m-pddms)) yields amorphous spheres consisting of cyclotrimers irrespective of solvents. Both [PdCl<SUB>2</SUB>(m-pbms)]<SUB>3</SUB> and [PdCl<SUB>2</SUB>(m-pddms)]<SUB>3</SUB> are initially cyclotrimers in chloroform, but they exist as a mixture of cyclodimers and cyclotrimers in solution in the 10-60<SUP>o</SUP>C range. The metallacycles tend to form cyclodimers in the order m-pdps>m-pmps>m-pbms>m-pddms. The equilibrium between cyclodimers and the cyclotrimers is sensitive to solvent, temperature, and concentration as well as molecular structure.

OGLE-2013-BLG-0102LA,B: MICROLENSING BINARY WITH COMPONENTS AT STAR/BROWN DWARF AND BROWN DWARF/PLANET BOUNDARIES

Jung, Y. K.,Udalski, A.,Sumi, T.,Han, C.,Gould, A.,Skowron, J.,Kozłowski, S.,Poleski, R.,Wyrzykowski, Ł.,Szymań,ski, M. K.,Pietrzyń,ski, G.,Soszyń,ski, I.,Ulaczyk, K.,Pietrukowicz, P.,M IOP Publishing 2015 The Astrophysical journal Vol.798 No.2

<P>We present an analysis of the gravitational microlensing event OGLE-2013-BLG-0102. The light curve of the event is characterized by a strong short-term anomaly superposed on a smoothly varying lensing curve with a moderate magnification A(max) similar to 1.5. It is found that the event was produced by a binary lens with a mass ratio between the components of q = 0.13 and the anomaly was caused by the passage of the source trajectory over a caustic located away from the barycenter of the binary. Based on the analysis of the effects on the light curve due to the finite size of the source and the parallactic motion of the Earth, we determine the physical parameters of the lens system. The measured masses of the lens components are M-1 = 0.096 +/- 0.013 M-circle dot and M-2 = 0.012 +/- 0.002 M-circle dot, which correspond to near the hydrogen-burning and deuterium-burning mass limits, respectively. The distance to the lens is 3.04 +/- 0.31 kpc and the projected separation between the lens components is 0.80 +/- 0.08 AU.</P>

Mössbauer 분광법에 의한 원자로 용기재료의 비파괴적 중성자 조사평가에 대한 연구

정명모(M. M. Jung),장기상(K. S. Jang),유근배(K. B. Yoo),김길무(G. M. Kim),윤인섭(I. S. Yoon),홍치유(C. Y. Hong) 한국비파괴검사학회 2000 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.20 No.3

Finite-element simulation of quenching incorporating improved transformation kinetics in a plain medium-carbon steel

Jung, M.,Kang, M.,Lee, Y.K. Elsevier Science 2012 Acta materialia Vol.60 No.2

An experimental and numerical investigation was conducted to acquire more precise continuous cooling transformation kinetics for the quenching simulation of a plain medium-carbon steel by improving the conversion model of transformation strains to phase fractions. Previous conversion models have limited applications in plain medium-carbon steels with variable bainite start temperatures (B<SUB>s</SUB>) and martensite start temperatures (M<SUB>s</SUB>), which are cooling rate dependent and cannot be distinguished on dilatometric curves. Therefore, we propose new methods for determining variable B<SUB>s</SUB> and M<SUB>s</SUB>. More accurate diffusive transformation kinetics models were developed based on transformation kinetics data converted from continuous cooling dilatometric curves and considering variable B<SUB>s</SUB>. The martensitic transformation kinetics model was also improved using the quantitative relationship between the variable M<SUB>s</SUB> and the enriched carbon content in residual austenite during diffusive transformations. Finite-element simulation of quenching incorporating the improved transformation kinetics was performed to predict the temperature, microstructure, residual stress and distortion of a plain medium-carbon steel cylinder. The pearlite, bainite, and martensite fractions, axial and hoop stresses near the surface, and the degree of distortion calculated using the improved transformation kinetics exhibited markedly better agreement with the measured results than those calculated using the previous transformation kinetics with B<SUB>s</SUB> and M<SUB>s</SUB> held constant. Furthermore, a comparison of the two simulation results provided a detailed understanding of the effects of transformation kinetics on residual stress and distortion.

Atmospheric inorganic nitrogen input via dry, wet, and sea fog deposition to the subarctic western North Pacific Ocean

Jung, J.,Furutani, H.,Uematsu, M.,Kim, S.,Yoon, S. Copernicus GmbH 2013 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Vol.13 No.1

<P>Abstract. Aerosol, rainwater, and sea fog water samples were collected during the cruise conducted over the subarctic western North Pacific Ocean in the summer of 2008, in order to estimate dry, wet, and sea fog deposition fluxes of atmospheric inorganic nitrogen (N). During sea fog events, mean number densities of particles with diameters larger than 0.5 μm decreased by 12-78%, suggesting that particles with diameters larger than 0.5 μm could act preferentially as condensation nuclei (CN) for sea fog droplets. Mean concentrations of nitrate (NO3−), methanesulfonic acid (MSA), and non sea-salt sulfate (nss-SO42−) in sea fog water were higher than those in rainwater, whereas those of ammonium (NH4+) in both sea fog water and rainwater were similar. These results reveal that sea fog scavenged NO3− and biogenic sulfur species more efficiently than rain. Mean dry, wet, and sea fog deposition fluxes for atmospheric total inorganic N (TIN; i.e. NH4+ + NO3−) over the subarctic western North Pacific Ocean were estimated to be 4.9 μmol m−2 d−1, 33 μmol m−2 d−1, and 7.8 μmol m−2 d−1, respectively. While NO3− was the dominant inorganic N species in dry and sea fog deposition, inorganic N supplied to surface waters by wet deposition was predominantly by NH4+. The contribution of dry, wet, and sea fog deposition to total deposition flux for TIN (46 μmol m−2 d−1) were 11%, 72%, and 17%, respectively, suggesting that ignoring sea fog deposition would lead to underestimate of the total influx of atmospheric inorganic N into the subarctic western North Pacific Ocean, especially in summer periods. </P>

Distributions of atmospheric non-sea-salt sulfate and methanesulfonic acid over the Pacific Ocean between 48^oN and 55^oS during summer

Jung, J.,Furutani, H.,Uematsu, M.,Park, J. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2014 Atmospheric environment Vol.99 No.-

Atmospheric concentrations of non-sea-salt sulfate (nss-SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP>) and methanesulfonic acid (MSA) were measured over the Pacific Ocean between 48<SUP>o</SUP>N and 55<SUP>o</SUP>S during the KH-08-2 and MR08-06 cruises in summers of 2008 and 2009, in order to investigate spatial distributions of each species and MSA/nss-SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> ratio. In the subarctic western North Pacific, mean concentrations of nss-SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> and MSA in bulk (fine + coarse) aerosols were 1.1 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP> and 0.061 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP>, whereas those in the South Pacific were 0.25 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP> and 0.043 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP>, respectively. In the subtropical western North Pacific, it was observed that nss-SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> concentration sharply increased from 0.45 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP> up to 4.2 μg m<SUP>-3</SUP> under the dominant influence of the Kilauea volcano, while that of MSA remained low. Mean MSA/nss-SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> ratio observed in the South Pacific was approximately 3.7 times higher than that in the subarctic western North Pacific, although the mean MSA concentration in the subarctic western North Pacific was a factor of 1.4 higher than that in the South Pacific. The distributions of nss-SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP>, MSA, and MSA/nss-SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> ratio suggested that aerosol nss-SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> plays a key role in the latitudinal variation in MSA/nss-SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> ratio over the North and South Pacific during summer periods, and that high MSA concentrations in the subarctic western North Pacific and the South Pacific were related to high biological productivity and low air temperature. During the cruises, an inverse relationship (r = -0.72, p < 0.01) was observed between satellite-derived chlorophyll a concentration and air temperature, showing that high biological productivity occurred at high latitudes, where air temperature were relatively low, in both hemispheres during the summer periods. Although both MSA concentration and MSA/nss-SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> ratio showed inverse and positive relationships with air temperature and chlorophyll a concentration, respectively, the correlations between these variables were weak, suggesting that the distributions of MSA concentration and MSA/nss-SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> ratio over the North and South Pacific during the summer periods were influenced by more complex factors. Estimates using the MSA/nss-SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> ratios measured in different latitude regions in the Pacific Ocean indicated that the contributions from biogenic sources accounted for 9.6-58% of the total nss-SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> in aerosols collected in the subarctic western North Pacific, 15-85% in the subtropical western North Pacific, 10-70% in the central North Pacific, and 12-97% in the South Pacific, showing strong influence of anthropogenic nss-SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> in the subarctic western North Pacific despite the higher mean concentration of MSA in the subarctic western North Pacific than in the South Pacific.

A new indazole-based colorimetric chemosensor for sequential detection of Cu²⁺ and GSH in aqueous solution

Kim, M.S.,Jung, J.M.,Kang, J.H.,Ahn, H.M.,Kim, P.G.,Kim, C. Pergamon Press 2017 Tetrahedron Vol.73 No.32

A new selective and sensitive colorimetric chemosensor 1 was developed for the sequential detection of Cu<SUP>2+</SUP> and glutathione (GSH) in aqueous solution. The sensor 1 detected Cu<SUP>2+</SUP> ion by an obvious color change from colorless to pale yellow. Importantly, 1 could be used to detect and quantify Cu<SUP>2+</SUP> ion in water samples, and the detection limit (0.14 μM) of 1 for Cu<SUP>2+</SUP> was much lower than the guideline (31.5 μM) of WHO in drinking water. Also, Cu<SUP>2+</SUP>-2.1 complex can be used as a colorimetric sensor for GSH via naked-eye. The detection limit for GSH was founded to be 2.98 μM. Moreover, the sensing ability of 1 for Cu<SUP>2+</SUP> was supported by theoretical calculations.

Cryopreservation induces macrophage colony stimulating factor from human periodontal ligament cells in vitro

Rhim, E.M.,Ahn, S.J.,Kim, J.Y.,Chang, Y.R.,Kim, K.H.,Lee, H.W.,Jung, S.H.,Kim, E.C.,Park, S.H. Academic Press 2013 Cryobiology Vol.67 No.2

Cryopreservation is used to protect vital periodontal ligaments during the transplantation of teeth. We investigated which gene products implicated in root resorption are upregulated in human periodontal ligament cells by cryopreservation, and whether cryopreservation affects the expression of macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) in human periodontal ligament cells. We used customized microarrays to compare gene expression in human periodontal ligament cells cultured from teeth immediately after extraction and from cryopreserved teeth. Based on the result of these assays, we examined M-CSF expression in periodontal ligament cells from the immediately extracted tooth and cryopreserved teeth by real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence. We also investigated whether human bone marrow cells differentiate into tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) positive osteoclasts when stimulated with RANKL (Receptor Activator for Nuclear Factor κ B Ligand) together with any secreted M-CSF present in the supernatants of the periodontal ligament cells cultured from the various groups of teeth. M-CSF was twofold higher in the periodontal ligament cells from the rapid freezing teeth than in those from the immediately extracted group (p<0.05). Cryopreservation increased M-CSF expression in the periodontal ligament cells when analyzed by real time PCR, ELISA, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence (p<0.05). TRAP positive osteoclasts were formed in response to RANKL and the secreted M-CSF present in the supernatants of all the experimental groups except negative control. These results demonstrate that cryopreservation promotes the production of M-CSF, which plays an important role in root resorption by periodontal ligament cells.