아동친화도시 실현을 위한 공공시설 조성 경향 연구

박진희 ( Park¸ Jinhee ) 한국공간디자인학회 2021 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.16 No.7

(연구배경 및 목적) 아동의 권리를 보장하고 삶의 질을 높여서 아동이 살기 좋은 도시를 실현해야 한다는 당위성은 전 세계적으로 공감대를 형성하고 있으며 각국의 도시가 이를 실현하기 위해 노력하고 있다. 우리나라의 지자체도 아동친화도시의 조성을 선포하며 실천하고 있으며 2013년을 시작으로 아동친화도시 인증을 받거나 이를 추진 중인 지자체는 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 많은 국내 지자체들이 아동친화도시를 실현하기 위해 노력하고 있는 현 시점에서 지자체의 공공시설 조성경향을 파악하고 그 시설의 유형과 조성 내용을 정리하여 아동친화도시의 물리적 인프라 구현의 기반을 마련하고자 하였다. (연구방법) 이를 위해 빅카인즈(bigkinds)를 활용하여 국내에서 처음으로 아동친화도시인증을 받은 2013년부터 2020년까지의 신문기사와 그 안에서 언급된 356개의 시설을 추출하였다. 이를 주 이용대상과 지원속성에 따라 거점시설, 보육시설, 돌봄시설, 청소년활동시설, 놀이시설, 교육·체험시설, 문화·체육·의료시설로 분류하여 시기별 추이 및 유형별 내용을 분석하였다. (결과) 주요 연구결과를 보면 첫째, 공공시설 조성의 전반적인 흐름을 보면 아동친화도시인증을 받은 지자체가 증가한 2017년을 기점으로 시설 수도 증가하였다. 특히 청소년활동시설, 놀이시설에 대한 기사수가 증가하여 놀이와 여가활동에 대한 지원이 많아졌음을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 거점, 보육, 돌봄시설과 같은 복지관련 시설들은 정부의 정책적 방향과 아동친화도시를 구현하고자 하는 지자체의 방향과 부합하여 시설조성이 증가하였다고 볼 수 있다. 중앙정부와 지자체의 협력 하에 마을단위의 보육 및 돌봄체계가 확장되었음을 알 수 있다. 셋째, 청소년활동시설, 놀이시설은 지자체별로 다양한 형태로 등장을 하는데 시설의 명칭 또한 지자체별로 차별화를 하며 아동친화시설이 지자체 특화시설로 자리하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 넷째, 공공시설의 조성 방법에 있어서는 물리적 인프라의 확충을 위한 다양한 시도들이 있었다고 판단된다. 내외부의 유휴공간이 활용이 다양화되었으며 생활SOC를 복합화하면서 마을시설에 아동친화시설을 포함시켜 조성하고 있다. 이와 함께 아파트 관리동, 저층부를 활용하여 아동관련시설을 필수적으로 설치하는 방안들이 나타난다. (결론) 본 연구는 신문기사를 활용하여 최근 몇 년간 이루어진 아동친화도시의 전반적 경향을 정량적, 정성적으로 분석하였다는 점에서 의미를 가진다. 연구의 결과 시설의 유형이 다양하게 나타나고 있으며, 유휴시설의 활용 및 생활SOC복합화, 공동주택 공용공간 활용을 통한 양적 확충이 실행이 되고 있음 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 도출된 시설 유형들의 이용도 및 접근성에 대한 질적 연구가 이이었진다면 아동친화도시의 실제적 구현을 위한 근간이 풍부해질 것이라 기대한다. (Background and Purpose) There is a global consensus on the necessity of realizing a city that guarantees children's rights and improves the quality of their lives. Local governments in Korea have declared and practiced the creation of child-friendly cities, and since 2013, the number of local governments receiving child-friendly city certification is continuously increasing. This study aims to lay the groundwork for the realization of the physical infrastructure of a child-friendly city, by identifying trends in the creation of public facilities by local governments in Korea, and arranging the types and contents of the facilities systematically. (Method) This study used BigKinds, a news archive database, to collect newspaper articles, and extracted 356 facilities mentioned in articles from 2013, the first child-friendly city certification in Korea, to 2020. According to the main users and supporting attributes, these were classified as: anchor facilities, infant care facilities, elementary school students care facilities, youth activity facilities, play facilities, education/experience facilities, and cultural/sports/medical facilities. (Results) According to the main research results, first, the number of mentions of facilities in articles increased from 2017, when the number of local governments that received child-friendly city certification increased. Specifically, the number of articles on youth activity facilities and play facilities increased noticeably. Second, welfare-related facilities, such as anchor, infant care, and elementary school students care facilities, increased in line with the government's policy direction and the local government's efforts to realize a child-friendly city. Notably, the village-level care system has been expanded under the cooperation of the central and local governments. Third, youth activity facilities and play facilities appear in various forms by local government; the names of the facilities are also differentiated. Further, child-friendly facilities are positioned as specialized facilities of local governments. Fourth, various attempts have been made to expand the physical infrastructure in terms of the construction method of public facilities. The use of the idle space indoors and outdoors has been diversified, and child-friendly facilities are included in the village facilities, while the living SOC is complexed. At the same time, there are plans to install child-related facilities by using the apartment building management and the lower floors in apartment complexes. (Conclusions) This study is meaningful in that it quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed the overall trend of child-friendly cities in recent years using newspaper articles. The study found that the types of facilities are diverse, and quantitative expansion is being implemented through the use of idle facilities, living SOC complex, and the use of common space for apartment houses.

Both endurance- and resistance-type exercise prevents neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in mice with impaired glucose tolerance

Jinhee,Woo,Ki-Ok,Shin,Chan-Ho,Park,Byung-Kon,Yoon,Do-Yeon,Kim,Ju-Yong,Bae,Yul-Hyo,Lee,Kangeun,Ko,Hee-Tae,Roh 한국응용과학기술학회 (구.한국유화학회) 2019 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.36 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different types of exercise training on neurodegeneration and cognitive function in mice with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Thirty-six male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to the control (CO, n = 9) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT, n = 27) groups. The IGT group consumed 45% high fat diet for 4 weeks and received 40 mg/kg of streptozotocin twice in the lower abdomen to induce IGT. After the IGT induction period, the IGT group was subdivided into IGT + sedentary (IGT, n = 9), IGT + endurance exercise (IGTE, n = 9), and IGT + resistance exercise (IGTR, n = 9). The IGTE and IGTR groups performed treadmill and ladder climbing exercises 5 times per week for 8 weeks, respectively. Fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were significantly higher in IGT group than in CO, IGTE, and IGTR groups ( p < 0.05). HOMA-IR was significantly higher in IGT group than CO group ( p < 0.05). Hippocampal catalase (CAT) was significantly lower in IGT group than in CO group ( p < 0.05), while beta-amyloid (Aβ) was significantly higher in IGT group than in CO group ( p < 0.05). Hippocampal tau was significantly higher in IGT group than in CO, IGTE, and IGTR groups ( p < 0.05). The Y-maze test performance for cognitive function was significantly lower in IGT group than in CO, IGTE, and IGTR groups ( p <0.05). These results suggest that IGT induces neurodegeneration and negatively affects cognitive function, while regular exercise may be effective in alleviating neurodegeneration and cognitive decline regardless of exercise type.

Effect of resistance training at different intensities on hippocampal neurotrophic factors and peripheral CCL11 levels in obese mice

Jinhee,Woo,Hee-Tae,Roh,Chan-Ho,Park,Byung-Kon,Yoon,Do-Yeon,Kim,Ki-Ok,Shin 한국응용과학기술학회 (구.한국유화학회) 2019 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.36 No.3

We investigated the effect of moderate- and high-intensity resistance training on hippocampal neurotrophic factors and peripheral CCL11 levels in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. C57/black male mice received a 4 weeks diet of normal (control, CON; n = 9) or a high-fat diet (HF; n = 27) to induce obesity. Thereafter, the HF group was subdivided equally into the HF, HF + moderate-intensity exercise (HFME), and HF + high-intensity exercise (HFHE) groups ( n = 9, respectively), and mice were subjected to ladder-climbing exercise for 8 weeks. The hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) levels were significantly lower in the HF group than in the CON group ( p < 0.05). In addition, in the HFME and HFHE groups were significantly higher than in the HF group ( p < 0.05). The peripheral CCL11 levels were significantly higher in the HF group than in the CON group ( p < 0.05). In addition, in the HFME and HFHE groups were significantly lower than in the HF group ( p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference according to the exercise intensity among the groups. Collectively, these results suggest that obesity can induce down-regulation of neurotrophic factors and inhibition of neurogenesis. In contrast, regardless of exercise intensity, resistance training may have a positive effect on improving brain function by inducing increased expression of neurotrophic factors.

Orchard Variation of Lenticel Blotch Incidence Associated with Certain Metabolic and Mineral Components on Peel Tissues of Cold-stored Apple Fruit

Jinhee Lee,Hnin Phyu Lwin,Hyowon Park,Si-Eun Byeon,Theint Thandar Latt,Jong Taek Park,Young Soon Kwon,Jeong-Hee Kim,Soon-il Kwon,Ha-il Jung,Jinwook Lee 한국원예학회 2023 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2023 No.10

The Risk Assessment for Copper Using Probabilistic and Deterministic Approaches

Jinhee Park(박진희),Mwemezi J. Rwiza,Yeseul Lee(이예슬),Jeongbin Park(박종빈),Jaehoon Yeom(염재훈),Sang Don Kim(김상돈) 환경독성보건학회 2015 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2015 No.10

ANALYSIS OF BODY MEASUREMENT ERROR ABOUT 3D SCAN DATA FOR ELDERLY

Jinhee Park,Juwon Chung,Yu Hwa Hong,Yun Ja Nam 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2015 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2015 No.06

Measuring body size with a 3D scanner can reduce inter-measurer variability and provide better accuracy compared to using a traditional methods of measurement (Park, Nam, & Park, 2009). Many size measurement projects (or studies) that measure body size established a size measurement method prior to the development of a 3D scanner and automatic size measurement programs that produce 3D virtual body size measurements (Park, &Nam, 2012). Size data measured through an automatic size measurement program are more accurate and have a lower variability that is more appropriate for body measurements (Han, & Nam, 2004; Nam, Choi, Jung, & Yun, 2004). However, this method is limited to healthy subjects who can maintain a correct posture in a 3D scanner. It is difficult for the elderly to maintain the correct posture for body measurements in ‘Basic Human Body Measurements for Technological Design’ of ISO 7250(1997). Body measurement definitions are based on vertical and horizontal directions consequently, it is hard to measure those with a bent body type even if they stand in a correct posture. Most body measurement items are automatically measured in vertical and horizontal directions because current automatic size measurement programs utilize algorithms based on typical body measurement definitions. The size measurement method based on a vertical and horizontal directions tends to have a problem for elderly individuals with a bent body type who have difficulty maintaining a correct posture for 3D scanning as defined in ISO 7250(1997)(Ashdown, & Na, 2008).This study analyzes the problem of present auto-measurement programs that use elderly’s 3D body scan data. We conducted a comparative analysis of elderly’s body sizes using an auto-measurement program from virtual 3D body scan data and direct measurement with traditional measurement methods. We establish 34 typical body size measurements for the use of data from 464 males and 472 females (total 936) between the ages of 70 to 85. For error analysis, data separated to normal values and outliers compared with ISO 20655(2003). ISO 20685 defines the accuracy of extracted measurements by classification and measurement type (segment lengths, body height/breaths/depth, large/small circumferences, and head/hand/foot dimensions). The majority of outliers for the male and female body height type was “height”. Total number of persons with outliers for Height’s data was 603; consequently, 64.4% of subjects (elderly group of 70-85 yrs.) could not maintain a correct posture when scanning. Other data also had many errors from inaccurate measurement postures. A total of 72.3% of males and 70% of females have incorrect values in small circumferences. The segment lengths’ error data was 76.5% of males and 75% of females; in addition, the head dimension’ outliers were 87% for both male and female subjects. Especially 57.46% of males had incorrect data, while 74.67% of females had a type of large circumference. Female chest circumference had significant errors due to sagging breasts. The differences identify with a correlation between type of large circumference (chest, hip, under bust, waist, waist of omphalion) and gender. There were several correlations between the many measurement errors because values over 70% of data have outliers; however, each measurement type has properties in regards to correlation. A substantial positive correlation was found between all measurements (except hip circumference) in the type of large circumference; in addition, one-way ANOVA indicated that the measurements influenced height and were statistically significant. Outliers found in height data for the elderly’s were more likely to have errors in the type of large circumference. The type of body height indicated a strong correlation and statistical significance between the axilla height and other measurements (height, waist, crotch, lateral malleolus). Axilla height with more outliers indicated that other type of body height measurements had a higher potential for errors. The posture for body measurement was standardized as standing erect; however, this study indicated that many measurement errors were possible between using an auto-measurement program and direct measurement. The value of outlier about a particular measurement item can expect increased errors about any group (height: large circumference group/ axilla height: body height group). We have to study the relation in measurements in these types ‘large circumference’ because ‘head dimensions’ types correlate between measurements in each group. We need a more detailed analysis about outliers to find the major factors for measurement errors in regards to the elderly as well as discuss the possibility of ISO measurement-standard’s application for the elderly.

Chemisorption of Organic Iodides in a Metal-Organic Framework

Jinhee Park,Byeongchan Lee 한국방사성폐기물학회 2019 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.2019 No.10

Investigation of aquatic species vulnerable to accident preparedness substances

Jinhee Park(박진희),Woojung Kim(김우중),Jongbin Park(박종빈),Jun Yub Kim(김준엽),Jaehoon Yeom(염재훈),Hye Won Kim(김혜원),Sang Don Kim(김상돈) 환경독성보건학회 2019 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2019 No.4

골절 방지 보호복 개발을 위한 인체의 유한요소 모델링과 충격 시뮬레이션

Jinhee Park,Yun-Ja Nam 대한인간공학회 2017 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.11

Objective: This study identifies characteristics and accurate location of falls and fracture that are applicable to protective clothing patterns, in terms protective clothing development. Background: The research also aims to devise a three-dimensional simulation method by using the Finite Element Model(FEM), in order to substitute the Falling Impact Experiment that uses actual human body as experimental subjects. Method: Targeting the right side of the body from the waist to knee, the Finite Element Modeling for impact simulation consists of eight solid-type skeletal frames, two cartlages, and one soft tissue. All constitutive models are tighly combined in structure without any interference or gaps in between one another. After setting contact information and physical properties, the Finite Element Model, composed of 2.2 million nodes and 1.2 million elements, was developed by applying Fine-sized Tetra mesh. The Finite Element Model is used in the simluation of giving impact to various external parts of human body with point-typed force, and comparing the level of stress given on the intertrochanteric hip joint and the neck. Results: Simulation results show that when it comes to the back and front of the human body, the pelvis, hipbone, central parts of femur are shocked with stress more severely than the intertrochanteric hip joint and the neck. The greatest stress on the intertrochanteric hip joint and the neck was found to be given on the central parts of femur and the hip joint on the side parts of the human body. Conclusion: Likewise, hip joint protective equipments were found to work better when located at the side parts of the hip joint, as similar results were shown in previous studies. However, it is also discovered that the accruate positions on the pattern can be located on the side area between the hip circumference and the horizontal buttocks circumference. In addition, the protection area is found to be wider and protecting the side parts of the central femur is also found to be necessary for pads designed for lower bone density compared to those for normal bone density. Application: The contribution of this study is that it introduces a new virtual experiment for development of functional clothing for preventing fracture using virtual human body, going beyond the research phase of three-dimensional automatic measurement and information analysis on form and size.

The Development of Water Quality Criteria for Zinc Using Species Sensitivity Distribution with Domestic Aquatic Organisms

Jinhee Park(박진희),Mwemezi J. Rwiza,Sang Don Kim(김상돈) 환경독성보건학회 2016 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2016 No.6