Video Watermarking Algorithm for H.264 Scalable Video Coding

( Jianfeng Lu ),( Li Li ),( Zhenhua Yang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2013 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.7 No.1

Because H.264/SVC can meet the needs of different networks and user terminals, it has become more and more popular. In this paper, we focus on the spatial resolution scalability of H.264/SVC and propose a blind video watermarking algorithm for the copyright protection of H.264/SVC coded video. The watermark embedding occurs before the H.264/SVC encoding, and only the original enhancement layer sequence is watermarked. However, because the watermark is embedded into the average matrix of each macro block, it can be detected in both the enhancement layer and base layer after downsampling, video encoding, and video decoding. The proposed algorithm is examined using JSVM, and experiment results show that is robust to H.264/SVC coding and has little influence on video quality.

Determination of Fluoride Concentration in Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) using Dielectric Spectroscopy

Jianfeng Lu,Lina Qi,Wen Guo,Yishan Song,정용안,Yu‐dong Cheng,Yinzhe Jin 대한화학회 2015 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.36 No.6

The concentration of fluoride in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superb) was investigated using a coaxial probe method based on dielectric properties in the 0.3–10 GHz frequency range. A quantitative relationship between the fluoride concentration in the aqueous solution and the dielectric loss at 0.3 GHz was also established with a regression coefficient over 0.98. The concentrations of fluoride in fresh and dried krill samples with different krill positions, such as shell and meat, were determined. The detected value agrees well with that determined using other methods, such as fluoride ion-selective electrode (ISE) and potassium permanganate titration (PPT). The fluoride concentrations in fresh krill were 0.0127, 0.0133, and 0.0152 mg/mL using dielectric spectroscopy, PPT, and ISE, respectively. These results show that the proposed dielectric loss technique is suitable and effective for determining fluoride content in Antarctic krill.

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of the Vanin-1 gene in the Leghorn Male Hepatoma cell line and its effects on lipid metabolism

Xu Lu,Wang Zhongliang,Liu Shihao,Wei Zhiheng,Yu Jianfeng,Li Jun,Li Jie,Yao Wen,Gu Zhiliang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2024 Animal Bioscience Vol.37 No.3

Objective: Vanin-1 (VNN1) is a pantetheinase that catalyses the hydrolysis of pantetheine to produce pantothenic acid and cysteamine. Our previous studies have shown that the VNN1 is specifically expressed in chicken liver which negatively regulated by microRNA-122. However, the functions of the VNN1 in lipid metabolism in chicken liver haven’t been elucidated. Methods: First, we detected the VNN1 mRNA expression in 4-week chickens which were fasted 24 hours. Next, knocked out VNN1 via CRISPR/Cas9 system in the chicken Leghorn Male Hepatoma cell line. Detected the lipid deposition via oil red staining and analysis the content of triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein-C (LDL-C), and highdensity lipoprotein-C (HDL-C) after VNN1 knockout in Leghorn Male Hepatoma cell line. Then we captured various differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between VNN1- modified LMH cells and original LMH cells by RNA-seq. Results: Firstly, fasting-induced expression of VNN1. Meanwhile, we successfully used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to achieve targeted mutations of the VNN1 in the chicken LMH cell line. Moreover, the expression level of VNN1 mRNA in LMH-KO-VNN1 cells decreased compared with that in the wild-type LMH cells (p<0.0001). Compared with control, lipid deposition was decreased after knockout VNN1 via oil red staining, meanwhile, the contents of TG and LDL-C were significantly reduced, and the content of HDL-C was increased in LMH-KO-VNN1 cells. Transcriptome sequencing showed that there were 1,335 DEGs between LMH-KO-VNN1 cells and original LMH cells. Of these DEGs, 431 were upregulated, and 904 were downregulated. Gene ontology analyses of all DEGs showed that the lipid metabolism-related pathways, such as fatty acid biosynthesis and long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis, were enriched. KEGG pathway analyses showed that “lipid metabolism pathway”, “energy metabolism”, and “carbohydrate metabolism” were enriched. A total of 76 DEGs were involved in these pathways, of which 29 genes were upregulated (such as cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily A member 1, ELOVL fatty acid elongase 2, and apolipoprotein A4) and 47 genes were downregulated (such as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1) by VNN1 knockout in the LMH cells. Conclusion: These results suggest that VNN1 plays an important role in coordinating lipid metabolism in the chicken liver.

Experimental Investigation on Permeability Evolution of Limestone Caprock under Coupled THM Processes

Qiangxing Zhang,Jianfeng Liu,Huining Xu,Yin Zeng,Chunping Wang,Lu Wang 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.23 No.12

To investigate the gas sealing capacity of limestone as cap rock for gas reservoir at different burial depths, triaxial compression coupled with permeability tests of limestone subjected to different confining pressures and temperatures were carried out using the improved MTS 815 test machine. During the tests, acoustic emission (AE) monitoring system was also employed to estimate the rock damage. Test results demonstrated a degradation of triaxial compression strength with the increase in temperature and decrease of confining pressure. An empirical equation for the peak stress was established considering confining pressure and temperature. Three different permeability evolution patterns of limestone samples can be proposed based on the experimental results under different coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) conditions. According to the spatial-temporal characteristics of AE signals, permeability evolution was highly related to the fracture growth and connection in limestone. Ultimately, the experimental results revealed that the permeability of limestone gradually decreased with the increasing confining pressure and temperature. In addition, an exponential relationship between initial permeability and confining pressure was established.

Influence of neck width on the performance of ADAS device with diamond-shaped hole plates

Yingxiong Wu,Jianfeng Lu,Yun Chen 국제구조공학회 2020 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.74 No.1

Metallic energy-dissipation dampers are widely used in structures. They are comprised of an added damping and stiffness (ADAS) device with many parallel, diamond-shaped hole plates, the neck width of which is an important parameter. However, no studies have analyzed the neck width’s influence on the ADAS device’s performance. This study aims to better understand that influence by conducting a pseudo-static test on ADAS, with three different neck widths, and performing finite element analysis (FEA) models. Based on the FEA results and mechanical theory, a design neck width range was proposed. The results showed that when the neck width was within the specified range, the diamond-shaped hole plate achieved an ideal yield state with minimal stress concentration, where the ADAS had an optimal energy dissipation performance and the brittle shear fracture on the neck was avoided. The theoretical values of the ADAS yield loads were in good agreement with the test values. While the theoretical value of the elastic stiffness was lower than the test value, the discrepancy could be reduced with the proposed modified coefficient.

An Engine for Automatic Code Generation of Security Protocols in Multiple Languages

Xinghua Li,Xiang Lu,Jianfeng Ma 한국산학기술학회 2013 SmartCR Vol.3 No.3

Security protocols are a critical component to secure systems with appropriate cryptographic methods. Nevertheless, the protocol implementation lacks efficient system practices, as well as practical methods to guarantee conformance between the design and its realization. Motivated by this problem, we set out to generate security protocol code automatically, with an implementation guaranteed to conform to its design. To this end, we implemented a code generation engine that we named EACG. This engine leverages eXtensible Markup Language to describe designed security protocols in an unambiguous manner. Taking the description as input, the designed compiler can automatically convert a protocol to its code implementations in multiple languages with the aid of an underlying support module. Our analysis indicates that EACG automatically generates valid, conformable implementation code for a security protocol. Also, it shows salient advantages compared to current code generation schemes with multi-language support, universality, and ease of use.

Novel Flower-Like CuO/N-rGO as Enhanced Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Lijuan Zhang,Jinhua Lu,Jianfeng Wei,Yan Wang 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2019 NANO Vol.14 No.10

Flower-like copper oxide (CuO)/nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) was synthesized through a one-pot microwave hydrothermal method by using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as surfactant. In the process, in situ formation of nanomaterial CuO, reduction of graphene oxide and doping of nitrogen species occurred simultaneously in urea solution. The structural and surface properties of the material were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopies (TEM), the energy dispersive spectroscopic (EDS) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). This showed the flower-like CuO with an interconnected architecture was successfully uniformed and grown on the surface of N-rGO. Moreover, the surfactant PVP and urea were found to be the key factors to control the morphology of the CuO nanostructure. Electrochemical investigations indicated that the CuO/N-rGO composite exhibited a significantly enhanced ORR activity in comparison to pure CuO and N-rGO in an alkaline solution. The enhancement in ORR activity of CuO/N-rGO composite can be attributed to the synergistic effects of good electron transport from N-rGO as well as abundance of exposed catalytic sites and meso/macroporosity from CuO nanostructures.

Microstructure and strength of zirconia/stainless steel joints prepared by pressureless active brazing

Guiwu Liu,Hongjie Wang,Jianfeng Yang,Tianjian Lu,Guanjun Qiao 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2009 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.10 No.4

ZrO2 ceramic/stainless steel joints were fabricated by pressureless brazing using a Ag-Cu filler metal and a TiH2 powder precoating. The microstructure and microchemistry of the joint cross section were characterized and analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The effects of brazing conditions on the joint shear strength were also investigated. The results showed that there existed three zones with distinct microstructural differences crossing the brazing interlayer. A reaction layer and a Ti-rich sublayer were formed at the ZrO2/filler interface. The influence of the brazing temperature on the joint strength was more remarkable than that of the holding time. In the experimental condition ranges, the joint strength first increased, and the maximum shear strength was over 90MPa with the optimized condition. Most of the joint fractures developed in the ceramic matrix near the ceramic/filler interface. ZrO2 ceramic/stainless steel joints were fabricated by pressureless brazing using a Ag-Cu filler metal and a TiH2 powder precoating. The microstructure and microchemistry of the joint cross section were characterized and analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The effects of brazing conditions on the joint shear strength were also investigated. The results showed that there existed three zones with distinct microstructural differences crossing the brazing interlayer. A reaction layer and a Ti-rich sublayer were formed at the ZrO2/filler interface. The influence of the brazing temperature on the joint strength was more remarkable than that of the holding time. In the experimental condition ranges, the joint strength first increased, and the maximum shear strength was over 90MPa with the optimized condition. Most of the joint fractures developed in the ceramic matrix near the ceramic/filler interface.

Ceramide kinase-mediated C1P metabolism attenuates acute liver injury by inhibiting the interaction between KEAP1 and NRF2

Dongwei Yuan,Li Qing,Lu Xing,Lan Jianfeng,Qiu Zhidong,Wang Xuehong,Wang Junnan,Zheng Xiaojiao,Chen Sifan,Zhang Chong,Jin Junfei 생화학분자생물학회 2024 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.56 No.-

Acute liver injury is the basis of the pathogenesis of diverse liver diseases. However, the mechanism underlying liver injury is complex and not completely understood. In our study, we revealed that CERK, which phosphorylates ceramide to produce ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P), was the sphingolipid pathway-related protein that had the most significantly upregulated expression during acute liver injury. A functional study confirmed that CERK and C1P attenuate hepatic injury both in vitro and in vivo through antioxidant effects. Mechanistic studies have shown that CERK and C1P positively regulate the protein expression of NRF2, which is a crucial protein that helps maintain redox homeostasis. Furthermore, our results indicated that C1P disrupted the interaction between NRF2 and KEAP1 by competitively binding to KEAP1, which allowed for the nuclear translocation of NRF2. In addition, pull-down assays and molecular docking analyses revealed that C1P binds to the DGR domain of KEAP1, which allows it to maintain its interaction with NRF2. Importantly, these findings were verified in human primary hepatocytes and a mouse model of hepatic ischemia‒reperfusion injury. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that CERK-mediated C1P metabolism attenuates acute liver injury via the binding of C1P to the DGR domain of KEAP1 and subsequently the release and nuclear translocation of NRF2, which activates the transcription of cytoprotective and antioxidant genes. Our study suggested that the upregulation of CERK and C1P expression may serve as a potential antioxidant strategy to alleviate acute liver injury.

Regulation of chicken vanin1 gene expression by peroxisome proliferators activated receptor α and miRNA-181a-5p

Wang, Zhongliang,Yu, Jianfeng,Hua, Nan,Li, Jie,Xu, Lu,Yao, Wen,Gu, Zhiliang Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.2

Objective: Vanin1 (VNN1) is a pantetheinase that can catalyze the hydrolysis of pantetheine to produce pantothenic acid and cysteamine. Our previous studies showed that VNN1 is specifically expressed in chicken liver. In this study, we aimed to investigate the roles of peroxisome proliferators activated receptor α (PPARα) and miRNA-181a-5p in regulating VNN1 gene expression in chicken liver. Methods: 5'-RACE was performed to identify the transcription start site of chicken VNN1. JASPAR and TFSEARCH were used to analyze the potential transcription factor binding sites in the promoter region of chicken VNN1 and miRanda was used to search miRNA binding sites in 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of chicken VNN1. We used a knock-down strategy to manipulate PPARα (or miRNA-181a-5p) expression levels in vitro to further investigate its effect on VNN1 gene transcription. Luciferase reporter assays were used to explore the specific regions of VNN1 targeted by PPARα and miRNA-181a-5p. Results: Sequence analysis of the VNN1 promoter region revealed several transcription factor-binding sites, including hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α (HNF1α), PPARα, and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α. GW7647 (a specific agonist of PPARα) increased the expression level of VNN1 mRNA in chicken primary hepatocytes, whereas knockdown of PPARα with siRNA increased VNN1 mRNA expression. Moreover, the predicted PPARα-binding site was confirmed to be necessary for PPARα regulation of VNN1 gene expression. In addition, the VNN1 3'UTR contains a sequence that is completely complementary to nucleotides 1 to 7 of miRNA-181a-5p. Overexpression of miR-181a-5p significantly decreased the expression level of VNN1 mRNA. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that PPARα is an important transcriptional activator of VNN1 gene expression and that miRNA-181a-5p acts as a negative regulator of VNN1 expression in chicken hepatocytes.