Slide Session : OS-IFD-08 ; Infectious Disease : West Nile Virus (WNV) as a Potential New Threat to HIV/AIDS Patients in Indonesia

( Nasronudin ),( Bimo Aksono ),( Bimo D Lukito ),( Brian E Rachman ),( Noordiansyah ),( Retno Indrawati ),( Retno P Rahayu ),( M Inge Lusida ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

NASRONUDIN1, Bimo AKSONO1, Bimo D LUKITO4, Brian E RACHMAN2, NOORDIANSYAH7, Retno INDRAWATI1, Retno P RAHAYU1, M Inge LUSIDA1 Institute of Tropical Disease, Airlangga University, Indonesia1, Medical Faculty Airlangga University - Dr Soetomo Hospital, Indonesia2, Medical Faculty Airlangga University - Dr Soetomo Hospital, Indonesia3, Medical Faculty Airlangga University - Dr Soetomo Hospital, Indonesia4, Faculty of Dentistry, Airlangga University, Indonesia5, Faculty of Dentistry, Airlangga University, Indonesia6, Airlangga University Hospital, Indonesia7 Background: WNV is a mosquito-borne zoonotic arbovirus, belongs to the genus Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae. Although WNV infection in human has been reported for decades in several parts of the world, but it was diagnosed recently in 2014 in Indonesia. Approximately 80% of WNV infections in humans do not develop any symptoms. Elderly or those with immunosuppression, such as HIV/AIDS, are at greater risk for serious illness. Phylogenetic analysis has divided WNV into mainly Lineage 1(L1) and Lineage 2 (L2), which is geographically specifi c. Aims: To determine and phylogenetic analyse of WNV on HIV/AIDS Patients. Methods: The subjects were HIV/AIDS patients in Airlangga University Hospital. Examination of blood samples were performed in Institute of Tropical Disease Airlangga University. This study has been approved by Ethical Committee. A total of 30 HIV/ AIDS patients were enroled after obtainined informed consent, and examined for WNV RNA using RT-PCR in the envelope region (408 bps). Results: The results showed that 8 (25.81%) of 30 HIV/AIDS patients were WNV positive. The phylogenetic of one WNV strain in this study showed that it belongs to the L2. Only recently were those strains of L2 identifi ed outside of Africa. Conclusions: We found WNV as one of the potential coinfections in HIV/AIDS patients in Indonesia, and therefore it may in other countries too. Phylogenetic analysis of one strain revealed that the virus clustered in the lineage 2.

Thermodynamic Entropy Budget of an Agricultural Ecosystem based on Multi-year Tower Flux Measurement at Haenam Farmland in Korea

Yohana Maria Indrawati,Minseok Kang,Joon Kim 한국기상학회 2015 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.4

Histopathological Features of Lymphoma in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Dwianingsih, Ery Kus,Indrawati, Indrawati,Hardianti, Mardiah Suci,Malueka, Rusdy Ghazali,Iswar, Riezka Rivani,Sutapa, Stefani APPG,Triningsih, FX Ediati Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.9

The incidence and prevalence, the second most common lymphoid malignancy after leukemia, are both increasing. The distribution of lymphoma varies among sexes, age groups, and sites. In Indonesia, information about the incidence of lymphoma and its characteristics are insufficient. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the incidence of lymphoma and features based on age group, sex, site, clinical diagnosis, and histopathological type in Indonesia. This study is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design aimed to evaluate the histopathological profile of lymphoma in Yogyakarta from 2010-2014. It was based on secondary data from Anatomic Pathology Department's medical records from several hospitals and laboratories. The result showed an increased incidence of lymphoma in Yogyakarta in 2010-2014 (p=0.039). Lymphoma mostly occurred in age range 45-64 years (p=0.004), dominated by male with ratio 1.6:1. DLBCL was found to be the most common histopathological type (44.4%). Sex, age, and clinical diagnosis demonstrated statistically significant correlations with the histopathological type (p<0.001). In conclusion, the incidence of lymphoma has significantly increased from 2010-2014. There are statistically significant correlations between gender, age, and clinical diagnosis with the histopathological type of lymphoma.

The Polymerase Chain Reaction in Diagnosis of Small B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas

Antoro, Ester Lianawati,Dwianingsih, Ery Kus,Indrawati, Indrawati,Triningsih, FX Ediati,Harijadi, Harijadi Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.2

Background: Small B-cell non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL) is difficult to be distinguished from non-neoplastic reactive processes using conventional haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining due to different interpretations among pathologists with diagnosis based on morphologic features. Ancillary examinations such as immunohistochemical (IHC) staining are essential. However, negative or doubtful results are still sometimes obtained due to unsatisfactory tissue processing or IHC technique. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a molecular diagnostic technique is very sensitive and specific. Clonality detection of heavy chain immunoglobulin (IgH) gene rearrangement has been widely used to establish diagnosis of B-cell NHL. Aims: To elaborate interobserver variation in small B-cell NHL diagnosis based on morphologic features only and to confirm sensitivity and specificity of the PCR technique as an ancillary method. Materials and Methods: A toptal of 28 samples of small B cell NHL and suspicious lymphoma were interpreted by 3 pathologists in Sardjito General Hospital based on their morphology only. The reliability of assessment and the coefficient of interobserver agreement were calculated by Fleiss kappa statistics. Interpretation results were confirmed with IHC staining (CD20, CD3, Bcl2). PCR was performed to analyze the clonality of IgH gene rearrangement. Results: Interobserver agreement in morphologic evalution of small B cell NHL and chronic lymphadenitis revealed kappa coefficient 0.69 included in the substantial agreement category. The cases were divided into 3 groups based on morphology and IHC results; lymphoma, reactive process and undetermined group. PCR analysis showed 90% sensitivity and 60% specificity. Conclusions: The present study revealed a substantial agreement among pathologists in small B-cell NHL diagnosis. For difficult cases, PCR is useful as complementary method to morphologic and IHC examinations to establish definitive diagnosis.

Portland-Blended Cement with Reduced CO₂ using Trass Pozzolan

Manaf, A.,Indrawati, V. Korean Chemical Society 2011 대한화학회지 Vol.55 No.3

This paper reports the use of supplementary cementing materials (SCMs) derived from local resources, for the partial replacement of Portland cement to reduce $CO_2$ emission during cement production. Replacement of Portland clinkers up to 20 wt.% with SCMs in normal cements reduced $CO_2$ emission by 0.18 kg $CO_2$/kg. The compressive strength exceeded the standard specification for Portland cement ASTM C-150. Blended cement samples containing 20% Portland clinker replacement had compressive strengths of 37 MPa after 28 days of curing time. The microstructure evolution of blended cement at a composition of 80:20 was similar to that of the 100% Portland cement, where the structure between days 28 and 56 reached a steady state. Blended cements with compositions of 70:30 and 60:40 still showed progress of CSH plate formation and the lack of massive structure development. It is shown that the use of supplementary cementing materials could be as one of alternative ways to reduce $CO_2$ emissions during cement production. 이산화탄소 방출을 줄이기 위해 포트랜드 시멘트 성분 일부를 시멘트 보충재를 혼합해준 시멘트의 제조에 대해 연구하였다. 이산화탄소를 0.18 kg $CO_2$/kg 정도 줄이기 위해 포트랜드 시멘트에 보충재를 20 wt% 정도 혼합하였다. 이 혼합시멘트의 압축 강도는 포트랜드 시멘트 ASTM C-150의 표준치를 초과하며, 28일간의 굳는 과정중에 37 MPa의 압축 강도를 가졌다. 혼합시멘트의 미세구조는 포트랜드 시멘트와 유사하였다.

“GENOGRAM Physician Involvement Model” New Approach for Indonesian Physician Involvement with Family

Ta Larasati,Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto,Mudjiran,Masrul,Hardisman,Adi Heru Sutomo 대한가정의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.41 No.5

Background: The family, as the smallest social institution, has responsibilities across many functions, including maintaining family health. Increases in chronic diseases and life expectancy require more family support to prevent disease and implement treatment for family members with chronic diseases. Therefore, physician involvement in not only the treatment of diseases but also their prevention and rehabilitation is required In Indonesia. Hence, a new approach for physician involvement with families is required, especially with regard to comprehensiveness. This study aimed to develop a physician involvement program with the family model for primary healthcare in Indonesia. Methods: A two-round Delphi method with family medicine experts from 17 of the highest accredited medical faculties in Indonesia as participants was conducted, and factor analysis performed thereafter. The items were considered relevant at ≤0.8 validity content ratio. The second step of this research is survey using e-questionnaire involving 101 primary care physician from all over Indonesia. They live scattered in several provinces in the main islands of Indonesia such Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi dan Bali. Results: Results showed an adequately measured sample and correlation for all items (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin of sampling= 0.821; Bartlett’s test <0.001). Seven dimensions were derived from results with eigenvalue of >1, and 25 items were filtered after determining the loading factor of >0.5. The Cronbach’s α for each factor varied from 0.602 to 0.829, and that for the total 25 items was 0.913, with a total variation documented as high as 66%. Conclusion: A new physician involvement model with the family approach model, known as the “GENOGRAM model,” was developed, which consisted of seven dimensions and 25 items.

Determinants of Depression in Indonesian Youth: Findings From a Community-based Survey

Indri Yunita Suryaputri,Rofingatul Mubasyiroh,Sri Idaiani,Lely Indrawati 대한예방의학회 2022 예방의학회지 Vol.55 No.1

Objectives: This study investigated the determinants of depression in adolescents and young adults. Methods: The present study analyzed data from the 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Survey (Riset Kesehatan Dasar; RISKESDAS). The study subjects were adolescents (15-17 years old) and young adults (18-24 years old). In total, 64 179 subjects were included. Univariable, bivariable, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine associations between youths’ characteristics, risky behavior, chronic disease, parents’ health, and youths’ depression. Results: The prevalence of depression was 5.1% in adolescents and 5.6% in young adults. The risk factors for depression in adolescents were being women (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.89 to 4.30; p<0.001), an ex-smoker (aOR, 2.99; 95% CI, 2.10 to 4.25; p<0.001), or a current smoker (aOR, 2.60; 95% CI, 1.97 to 3.44; p<0.001); consuming alcohol (aOR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.33 to 3.01; p=0.001), having a chronic disease (aOR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.41 to 4.96; p=0.002); maternal depression (aOR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.97 to 3.09; p<0.001); and paternal depression (aOR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.98 to 3.50; p<0.001). In young adults, the risk factors were being women (aOR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.82 to 2.75; p<0.001) or an ex-smoker (aOR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.67 to 3.67; p<0.001), consuming alcohol (aOR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.89 to 3.09; p<0.001), maternal depression (aOR, 3.12; 95% CI, 2.54 to 3.84; p<0.001), and paternal depression (aOR, 2.80; 95% CI, 2.17 to 3.63; p<0.001). Conclusions: Being women, smoking, drinking alcohol, having a chronic disease, and having a parent with depression were crucial factors associated with youth depression. Mental health screening, prevention, and treatment should involve collaboration among primary healthcare, schools, universities, professionals, and families.

Poster Session : PS 0397 ; Infectious Disease ; Analysis of Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) as Trigger for Secondary Infection in HIV/AIDS Patients in Indonesia

( Brian Eka Rachman ),( Retno P Rahayu ),( Nasronudin Nasronudin ),( Noordiansyah Noordiansyah ),( Bimo D Lukito ),( Retno Indrawati ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: The HIV infection is associated with immunecompromised and rising in opportunistic infection. Therefore, it is predicted that death caused by HIV/AIDS would increase. The main problem for HIV/AIDS patients are opportunistic infection caused by Japanese Encephalitis (JEV) which is rarely found and diffi cult to diagnosed in Indonesia nowadays. Methods: This study is an observational descriptive. Cross sectional technique was used in this study. The amount of samples were 30 HIV/AIDS patients. Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to test IgG and IgM, and Real Time Polimerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The sample was obtained from HIV/AIDS patients` blood, then CD4 and viral load were tested to detect JEV secondary infection. Results: There were 93,54% of HIV/AIDS patients have undergone ARV therapy for 1-3 years. HIV/AIDS is mostly sexually transmitted with 67,74%. The distribution of HIV/AIDS patients in stage I is 41,94%, 35,48% in stage II, and 22,58% in stage III. The HIV>4x102 viral load test revealed 20% of the samples are infected by JEV. The intention of MDGs (Millenium Development Goals) is to achieve no new infection, no discrimination, no death associated to AIDS are expected to contribute in order to decrease death through early detection of secondary infection. This study might be used as new policies in impeding HIV/AIDS, so the MDGs target could be reached. Conclusions: This research shows that ARV therapy is not enough to prevent secondary infection, such as JEV in HIV/AIDS patients. Therefore, it is necessary to give antimicrobes therapy and adequate nutrional supports.

Rural Systems Visioneering: Paradigm Shift from Flux Measurement to Sustainability Science

김준,강민석,타이칸 오끼,박은우,카즈히토 이치이,요하나 마리아 인드라와티,조성식,문지현,유완철,이지영,이협승,카롤리 은자우,안성훈,Kim, Joon,Kang, Minseok,Oki, Taikan,Park, Eun Woo,Ichii, Kazuhito,Indrawati, Yohana Maria,Cho, Sungsik,Moon, Jihyun,Yoo, Wan Ch Korean Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorol 2018 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.20 No.1

지속가능성과학은 다양한 학문 배경과 관심을 가진 과학자, 전문직 종사자 및 이해당사자들 간의 소통과 협력뿐 아니라 결정론적 환원주의적 접근에서 오래전 기본으로의 패러다임 전환이 요구되는 떠오르는 초학문적 연구다. 생태-사회시스템은 많은 구성성분(또는 행위자)들로 이루어져 이들의 국지 규모의 무작위 상호작용이 자연스럽게 시스템 전체 규모의 질서를 만들어내는 공진화하는 복잡계다. 여기서, 시스템과 주변환경 간의 에너지와 물질과 정보의 흐름이 중요한 역할을 한다. 본 통신에서는 이렇게 계속 변화하는 역동적 시스템, 즉 '자기-조직화하는 계층구조의 열린 시스템(SOHOs)'의 개념적 틀을 소개한다. 먼저 SOHOs의 구조와 기능성을 이해하기 위해 물리학의 두 기본 법칙을 다시 논의한다. 두 법칙의 재해석을 통해 시스템의 운명과 지속가능성을 향한 보다 나은 경로, 또한 생태계의 온전함과 사회의 비전/가치 추구를 어떻게 조화시킬 것인가에 대한 이해를 돕고자한다. 그 다음에 소위 '비저니어링(V)'이라는 틀을 되먹임/전방급전(feedback/feedforward) 루프로 SOHOs 틀에 통합시켜서, '슬쩍 찌르는(nudged) 자기-조직화'가 시스템을 구성하는 행위자들이 합력하여 지속가능한 생태-사회 시스템을 이루어 가도록 유도한다. 마지막으로, SOHOs-V의 적용사례로서, 현재 탄자니아의 농촌마을에서 진행되고 있는 미래지구의 지속가능발전목표 연구실(SDG Lab)인 '농촌시스템 비저니어링(Rural Systems Visioneering)'을 예로 제시하였다. Sustainability science is an emerging transdisciplinary research which necessitates not only the communication and collaboration of scientists, practitioners and stakeholders from different disciplines and interests, but also the paradigm shift from deterministic and reductionist approaches to the old basic. Ecological-societal systems (ESS) are co-evolving complex systems having many interacting parts (or agents) whose random interactions at local scale give rise to spontaneous emerging order at global scale (i.e., self-organization). Here, the flows of energy, matter and information between the systems and their surroundings play a key role. We introduce a conceptual framework for such continually morphing dynamical systems, i.e. self-organizing hierarchical open systems (SOHOs). To understand the structure and functionality of SOHOs, we revisit the two fundamental laws of physics. Re-interpretation of these principles helps understand the destiny and better path toward sustainability, and how to reconcile ecosystem integrity with societal vision and value. We then integrate the so-called visioneering (V) framework with that of SOHOs as feedback/feedforward loops so that 'a nudged self-organization' may guide systems' agents to work together toward sustainable ESS. Finally, example is given with newly endorsed Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Lab (i.e., 'Rural systems visioneering') by Future Earth, which is now underway in rural villages in Tanzania.