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Indiragandhi, Pandiyan,Anandham, Rangasamy,Madhaiyan, Munusamy,Kim, Gil-Hah,Sa, Tongmin Oxford University Press 2008 FEMS microbiology letters Vol.289 No.1
<P>Siderophore production by entomo- and phytopathogens, plus the cross-utilization of these siderophores and expression of outer membrane receptor proteins (OMRPs) by Diamondback moth (DBM) gut bacterial strains, were all examined. All the tested strains grew in the presence of 2, 2'-dipyridyl, and the Brachybacterium sp. PSGB10, Pseudomonas sp. PRGB06, and Serratia marcescens FLGB16 strains were found to cross-utilize the siderophores of various entomopathogens, including Bacillus thuringiensis. A sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis also showed the presence of the OMRPs responsible for the siderophore cross-utilization. In contrast, Stenotrophomonas sp. PRGB08 was unable to cross-utilize siderophores and did not express OMRPs. Thus, siderophore cross-utilization and OMRP expression by the DBM gut bacterial strains would seem to support the potential for microbial populations in the insect gut to evolve efficient mechanisms to overcome any iron limitation imposed by the host insect and eventually contribute to the defense mechanism of the host insect. Furthermore, it is important to consider that other biologically active metabolites produced by insect gut microorganisms may also confer a protective effect on a host insect species.</P>
Indiragandhi, Pandiyan,Yoon, Chang-Mann,Yang, Jeong-Oh,Cho, Soo-Won,Sa, Tong-Min,Kim, Gil-Hah The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2010 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.53 No.5
Whiteflies are sap-sucking insects belonging to the hemipteran order. They are well known for their menace to agriculture, as pests and vectors, and are reported for their bacterial and Rickettsia association in B biotype. In the present investigation, culture-dependent and -independent methods were used to reveal the bacterial phylotypes associated with B and Q biotypes. Cultivable bacterial phylotypes varied with respect to growth media and biotypes. Twenty different bacterial genera, including 31 species belong to Actinobacteria, 'alpha'-, 'beta'-, 'gamma'- Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes were isolated from both the biotypes. Of the seventeen phylotypes, Bacillus, Kocuria, Moraxellla, Micrococcus, Sphingomonas and Staphylococcus were common to both B and Q biotypes. Moreover, B biotype was associated with Acinetobacter, Deinococcus, Modestobacter, Microbacterium, and Pseudomonas, whereas Q biotype was associated with Arthrobacter, Bradyrhizobium, Janibacter, Morganella, Naxibacter, and Streptomyces. Application of a culture-independent method revealed the presence of additional symbiotic bacteria: Rickettsia in B biotype and Halomonas in Q biotype, as well as primary endosymbiont in both biotypes, which could not be obtained through culture-dependent method. Presence of Staphylococcus, Micrococcus (in both B and Q biotypes), and Bacillus (only in B biotype) in all developmental stages of B. tabaci indicated their close association with host insect.
Indiragandhi P.,Youlee Joo,Jeong-Oh Yang,Gil-Hah Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.10
Tobacco whitefly-Bemisia tabaci is considered one of the most important pests in tropical and subtropical agriculture, as well as in production systems in glasshouses in temperate zones. Principle research on the identity of B. tabaci began with the recognition of more than one biotype differing in life history parameters, host plant associations, plant-related damage and insecticide resistance. Our laboratory strains of B. tabaci were identified and classified as biotype B and Q, through mtCOI PCR. Also, they were tested for their host plant preference and reaction to different insecticide. Biotype Q prefers to feed on red pepper and tomato, was less susceptible to tested insecticides, for instance acetamipirid, spinosad and thiamethoxam, than the biotype B (feed on tomato alone). There has been a report on the presence of gut bacteria in B. argentifolii (= B. tabaci biotype B) and its influence on the host insect processes. Hence, as a further pursuit, we examined our laboratory B. tabaci biotypes B and Q for their gut bacteria, whether these two biotypes are differed with each other. Gut bacterial strains isolated by standard surface sterilization method was identified through 16S rRNA gene sequence. Gut bacterial strains of B. tabaci biotypes B and Q and their close relatives retrieved from the public database (NCBI) indicated that the biotype B was less diversified only with four genera viz., Bacillus, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus, whereas the biotype Q diversified with six such as Bacillus, Janibacter, Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Stenotrophomonas, and Streptomyces. Results of the present investigation suggesting that there may be a relationship with gut bacterial strains and susceptibility to insecticides and host plant preference of B. tabaci biotype B and Q.
Pandiyan Indiragandhi,Chang Mann Yoon,Jeong Oh Yang,Soo Won Cho,Tong Min Sa,Gil Hah Kim 한국응용생명화학회 2010 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.53 No.5
Whiteflies are sap-sucking insects belonging to the hemipteran order. They are well known for their menace to agriculture, as pests and vectors, and are reported for their bacterial and Rickettsia association in B biotype. In the present investigation, cul
Comparison of Bacterial Diversity Isolated from the Twospotted Spider Mite Resistant to Acaricide
P. Indiragandhi,Changmann Yoon,Yoo-Lee Ju,Suwon Cho,Gil-Hah Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.05
This study was performed to investigate the bacterial diversity isolated from the twospotted spider mite and to interpret their correlation between insect bacteria and acaricide resistance. Twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae was used the resistance strains, which developed over eight years to the six acaricides such as abamectin, acequinocyl, bifenozate, etoxazole, fenpropathrin, and pyridaben, respectively. After cultivating the bacteria from body maceration, bacterial colony was selected and identified through 16S rRNA gene sequences. We are identified six genus from Pyridaben resistant strain, five genus from acequinocyl, three genus from abamectin, bifenozate, etoxazole, and two genus from fenpropathrin. However, we could not found correlation between bacterial density and diversity (phylotypes) among these resistant strains. By analyzing the diversity of population microorganisms, fenpropathrin was showed 40% of Cs value (Similarity coefficient) with susceptible strain, however, abamectin and pyridaben were perfectly different (0%) with susceptible strain. It remains to be learned about how microorganisms co-evolutionary developed with their host insect correlating to the resistance and how microorganisms play role in acaricide resistant mite.
Kyoung-A Kim,P. Indiragandhi,R. Anandham,P. Palaniappan,P. Trivedi,M. Madhaiyan,Gwang-Hyun Han,Tong-Min Sa 한국토양비료학회 2008 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.41 No.1
Pseudomonas sp. PRGB06, a bacterial strain isolated from diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) gut, was examined for its plant growth promotion and biofertilizing traits. The bacteria growth was observed under various conditions of carbon sources, temperature, pH and salt concentrations. In addition, the mechanisms of antagonism and phosphate solubilization were investigated. The bacterial strain PRGB06, grew well using most of the tested carbon sources. The best growth was observed at 30℃ and pH 7. The inhibition of the pathogenic fungi was likely due to the volatile antifungal metabolite and ammonia gas produced by the bacteria. A significant positive relationship was found between the phosphate solubilization and acid production. When inoculated with PRGB06 in vitro and in gnotobiotic condition, red pepper and maize showed increase in root length, seedling vigor and dry bio-mass.
( Chang Mann Yoon ),( Pandiyan Indiragandhi ),( Rangasamy Anandham ),( Soo Won Cho ),( Tong Min Sa ),( Gil Hah Kim ) 한국응용생명화학회 2010 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.53 No.4
Investigations of the diversity of bacteria in acaricide resistant and susceptible populations from the whole mite extracts of twospotted spider mite-Tetranychus urticae were made using 8 different bacterial growth media and identified through 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The pyridaben resistant population was diversified with six genera including Chryseobacterium, Sphingomonas, Acidovorax, Herbaspirillum, Janthinobacterium, and Xenophilus, whereas the acequinocyl resistant population was associated with Bacillus, Pasteurella, Staphylococcus, Enterobacter, and Pseudomonas. The fenpropathrin resistant population harbored only two phylotypes (Pantoea and Pseudomonas). Citrobacter, Enterobacter, and Pantoea were recovered from the susceptible population. No correlation was observed between bacterial density and bacterial diversity. Of the 8 different growth media, R2A supported a greater number of cultivable bacterial phylotypes followed by Luria Bertani and brain heart infusion agar. This study suggests that knowledge of the diversity of bacterial phylotypes present in host insect pest species may be useful for developing biological approaches in insect-microbe interaction.