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Park, Hyungju,Pack, Changi,Kinjo, Masataka,Kaang, Bong-Kiun Korean Society for Molecular Biology 2008 Molecules and cells Vol.26 No.1
<P>We employed dual color Fluorescence Cross Correlation Spectroscopy (FCCS) to measure the interaction between PKA regulatory (RII) and catalytic subunits (CAT) in living cells. Elevation of intracellular cAMP with forskolin decreased the cross-correlation amplitude between RFP-fused RII (RII-mRFP) and GFP-fused CAT (CAT-EGFP) by 50%, indicating that cAMP elevation leads to dissociation of RII-CAT complexes. Moreover, diffusion coefficient analysis showed that the diffusion rate of CAT-EGFP was significantly increased, suggesting that the decreased RII-CAT association caused by cAMP generated free CAT subunits. Our study demonstrates that in vivo FCCS measurements and their quantitative analysis permit one not only to directly quantify protein-protein interactions but also to estimate changes in the intracellular cAMP concentration.</P>
Bestrophin-1 encodes for the Ca2+-activated anion channel in hippocampal astrocytes.
Park, Hyungju,Oh, Soo-Jin,Han, Kyung-Seok,Woo, Dong Ho,Park, Hyekyung,Mannaioni, Guido,Traynelis, Stephen F,Lee, C Justin The Society 2009 The Journal of neuroscience Vol.29 No.41
<P>In mammalian brain, neurons and astrocytes are reported to express various chloride and anion channels, but the evidence for functional expression of Ca(2+)-activated anion channel (CAAC) and its molecular identity have been lacking. Here we report electrophysiological evidence for the CAAC expression and its molecular identity by mouse Bestrophin 1 (mBest1) in astrocytes of the mouse brain. Using Ca(2+) imaging and perforated-patch-clamp analysis, we demonstrate that astrocytes displayed an inward current at holding potential of -70 mV that was dependent on an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) after G(alphaq)-coupled receptor activation. This current was mediated mostly by anions and was sensitive to well known anion channel blockers such as niflumic acid, 5-nitro-2(3-phenylpropylamino)-benzoic acid, and flufenamic acid. To find the molecular identity of the anion channel responsible for the CAAC current, we analyzed the expression of candidate genes and found that the mRNA for mouse mBest1 is predominantly expressed in acutely dissociated or cultured astrocytes. Whole-cell patch-clamp analysis using HEK293T cells heterologously expressing full-length mBest1 showed a Ca(2+)-dependent current mediated by mBest1, with a complete impairment of the current by a putative pore mutation, W93C. Furthermore, mBest1-mediated CAAC from cultured astrocytes was significantly reduced by expression of mBest1-specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA), suggesting that the CAAC is mediated by a channel encoded by mBest1. Finally, hippocampal CA1 astrocytes in hippocampal slice also showed mBest1-mediated CAAC because it was inhibited by mBest1-specific shRNA. Collectively, these data provide molecular evidence that the mBest1 channel is responsible for CAAC function in astrocytes.</P>
Park, Sungmin,Koo, Kyosung,Kim, Kyunginn,Ahn, Hyungju,Lee, Byeongdu,Park, Cheolmin,Ryu, Du Yeol Elsevier 2015 Polymer Vol.60 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The phase transitions in the films of an asymmetric polystyrene-<I>b</I>-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PS-<I>b</I>-P2VP) were investigated by grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Compared with the sequential transitions in the bulk, hexagonally perforated layer (HPL) – gyroid (GYR) – disorder (DIS) upon heating, the transitions in film geometry were dramatically changed with decreasing thickness due to the growing preferential interactions from substrate, resulting in a thickness-dependent transition diagram including four different morphologies of hexagonally modulated layer (HML), coexisting (HML and GYR), GYR, and DIS. Particularly in the films ≤10<I>L</I> <SUB> <I>o</I> </SUB>, where <I>L</I> <SUB> <I>o</I> </SUB> is <I>d</I>-spacing at 150 °C, a stable HML structure was identified even above the order-to-disorder transition (ODT) temperature of the bulk, which was attributed to the suppressed compositional fluctuations by the enhanced substrate interactions.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Phase transitions in the bulk and films of asymmetric polystyrene-<I>b</I>-poly(2-vinylpyridine). </LI> <LI> Significant change in transitions of the films with decreasing film thickness. </LI> <LI> New observation of hexagonally modulated layer (HML) morphology in film geometry. </LI> <LI> A stable HML structure extended over the entire temperature range in the films ≤10<I>L</I> <SUB> <I>o</I> </SUB>. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
다발 노즐을 사용한 추력 발생 제어에 관한 수치적 연구
박형주(Hyungju Park),성홍계(Hong-Gye Sung) 한국추진공학회 2010 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.5
다발 노즐을 사용한 원통형 비행체의 추력 방향 제어에 대해 수치적으로 연구하였다. 밸브의 개폐를 이용하여 노즐 유량을 조절하고 다수의 경사 노즐을 배열하여 추력을 조정하는 시스템을 고려한 3차원 유동 해석을 수행하여 경사 노즐의 작동 특성을 관찰하였으며, 질량 유량에 따른 다발 노즐의 분력의 크기, 추력 및 모멘트 크기를 제시하였다. Numerical analysis was conducted on thrust vector control using multi-nozzle system. The nozzle using flow valve switch to control mass flow of multi scarfed nozzle to manage thrust was considered. The operating characteristics of scarfed nozzle, thrust component and moment of multi nozzle in terms of mass flow rate were investigated by three dimensional flow simulation.
The Gendered Politics of the Gaze in Jean Rhys`s Quartet
박형주 ( Hyungju Park ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2015 현대영어영문학 Vol.59 No.3
By the use of fetishized heroines, Rhys shows the logic of gender relations based on the male gaze. To be a woman on the street is to be constantly scrutinized by the male gaze. Active male spectators enjoy vicarious control and possession of women. In this culture, the look is largely controlled by men while women are usually subordinated to male appreciation and, further, turn into fetish commodities. In addition, female dependency upon men for economic survival inheres within their status as sexual commodities. In this context, men play a role of buyers and fulfill their sexual desires as insatiable consumers. In Quartet, Marya Zelli is depicted as a form of fetishized femme. She becomes the source of male fantasy and is no more than a puppet. Marya is destined to become an object of exchanging from one man to another; her husband, Stephan adores her beauty and makes her his fetish doll and his successor, Heidler makes her his adorable object of art. Heidler as a sophisticated urban consumer represents a characteristic of the commodity culture in which exhausted desire must be re-stimulated by another object, spectacle, or entertainment. (Sogang University)
박형주(Hyungju Park),윤시경(Shikyung Yoon),염효원(Hyowon Yeom),성홍계(Hon-Gye Sung) 한국추진공학회 2010 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.11
1차 유동과 2차 유동이 일정 압력으로 혼합하는 초음속 이젝터의 설계 인자들에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 선정된 이젝터의 설계 인자는 1)질량유량비 2)면적비 3)1차유동의 마하수 이다. 이를 위해 이젝터 유동을 1차원으로 가정하였으며 손실이 있는 경우와 이상적인 경우에 대해 이적테의 성능을 압력비의 항으로 모사하였고 요구되는 이젝터의 수축률을 계산하였다. 또, 이젝터의 최적 설계를 위해 손실을 고려한 경우와 이상적인 경우를 비교하여 작동조건에 필요한 설계점을 도출하였다. The effects of design parameters of supersonic ejector system under the assumption of constant pressure mixing were performed. Design parameters were mass flow rate ratio, area ratio between primary and secondary flow, and primary Mach number. 1-D theoretical performance of ejector in terms of pressure ratio and contraction ratio with and without loss mechanism such as diffuser efficiency and friction were considered.
Hwang, Yunji,Lee, Kyu Eun,Park, Young Joo,Kim, Su-Jin,Kwon, Hyungju,Park, Do Joon,Cho, Belong,Choi, Ho-Chun,Kang, Daehee,Park, Sue K. Wolters Kluwer Health 2016 Medicine Vol.95 No.9
<▼1><P>Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We evaluated the association between weight change in middle-aged adults and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) based on a large-scale case-control study.</P><P>Our study included data from 1551 PTC patients (19.3% men and 80.7% women) who underwent thyroidectomy at the 3 general hospitals in Korea and 15,510 individually matched control subjects. The subjects’ weight history, epidemiologic information, and tumor characteristics confirmed after thyroidectomy were analyzed. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were determined for the annual average changes in weight and obesity indicators (body mass index (BMI), body surface area, and body fat percentage (BF%) in subjects since the age of 35 years.</P><P>Subjects with a total weight gain ≥10 kg after age 35 years were more likely to have PTC (men, OR, 5.39, 95% CI, 3.88–7.49; women, OR, 3.36, 95% CI, 2.87–3.93) compared with subjects with a stable weight (loss or gain <5 kg). A marked increase in BMI since age 35 years (annual average change of BMI ≥0.3 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP>/yr) was related to an elevated PTC risk, and the association was more pronounced for large-sized PTC risks (<1 cm, OR, 2.34, 95% CI, 1.92–2.85; ≥1 cm, OR, 4.00, 95% CI, 2.91–5.49, <I>P</I> heterogeneity = 0.005) compared with low PTC risks.</P><P>Weight gain and annual increases in obesity indicators in middle-aged adults may increase the risk of developing PTC.</P></▼2>