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The Development and Current State of Inclusive Education at Universities in Taiwan
Hsin Yi Wang 아시아지적장애인연맹 산하 아시아저널센터 2019 Asia-Pacific Journal of Intellectual Disabilities Vol.6 No.2
The purpose of this study is to investigate the development of current state of inclusive education at universities in Tiwan. In Tiwan, inclusive education is for all students who are disabled/non-disabled. We believe that inclusive education ensure the educational right of all students regardless of the type and degree of individual difference. However, challenges remain in the inclination of teaching staff to modify their teaching materials, as this is currently not in line with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) obligations. Furthermore, higher education is not part of compulsory education, a fact which can be a point of debate and represent a challenge to implementing inclusive education in this setting. In conclusion, students with developmental disabilities who cannot comprehend the theoretical or academic subjects being studied in higher education may be better served by appropriate transfers or bridge courses aimed to deliver career-oriented knowledge and training.
Shih, Hsin-Hsin S 경희대학교 2001 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.2001 No.1
A growing body of evidence reveals that children of mentally ill parents fire at increased risk for the development of psychopathology and for a full range of adjustment problems. Nevertheless, some children of mentally ill parents still function well. These findings suggest that children's problems are influenced by multiple factors. Several studies indicate that development is a process of genetic and environmental interactions that continue throughout the lifespan. The whole of the life path provides a potential for change. Children from the beginning are embedded in a network of social relationships involving a diversity of individuals. Any individual with whom the child comes into regular contact becomes a source of influence on the child jointly in complex interactions. Relatively little work has been directed towards understanding the interpersonal caring processes through which children are at risk or protected against negative effects associated with growing up with a mentally ill parent. The purpose of this study was to understand the lived experiences of interpersonal caring for child of mentally ill parents from the perspective of the children. Fifteen children aged 9 to 18 years old were recruited from a large metropolitan general teaching hospital in Taiwan where their parents received mental health services. Data collection involved in-depth, audiotaped, face to face interviews with each child. A combination of the methods of Colaizzi, Giorgi, and van Manen was used to conduct a phenomenological analysis of data. Five essential themes emerged front the data as characteristic of the lived experiences of interpersonal caring for children with mentally ill parent: losing parental caring, caring for others, experiencing the consequence, being cared for by, and caring for self. These themes are discussed as they related to the context of Chinese cultural values. Children's differences in response to the influence of parental mental illness reflected the extent to which different children were involved in the burden of taking care of the mentally ill parent and the family. However, children did actively constitute an essential part in altering and shaping their environments. Implications for nursing practice, education, and research are identified.
Temporal/Locative WHs and Null-P Incorporation
( Tien Hsin Hsin ) 한국언어정보학회 1996 국제 워크샵 Vol.1996 No.-
This paper is an investigation on the categorial status of locative and temporal WHs. We argue, based on empirical data, for the null P hypothesis proposed by Hwang (1982), and against hte proposal of Murasugi and Saito (1992) that when and where are sentential arguments. We suggest that the problem raised in Murasugi and Saito (1992) for the null P analysis can be solved by the null P incorporation hypothesis. We further address the issues related to the applications of the P incorporation.
Kuo-Hsin Chen,Bor-Ru Lin,Chiang-Ting Chien,Chien-Hsin Ho 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.7
Inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to liver injury. Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) is rich in vitamin C, gallic acid, flavonoids, and tannins, which may protect against hepatoxicity-induced liver injury. We elucidated the effects of supplementary Amla (100 mg/kg of body weight) on N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced injury by evaluating reactive oxygen species (ROS) responses in the liver and bile, the degree of accumulated leukocytes and Kupffer cell infiltration, 3-nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxynonenal stains, apoptosis and autophagy, plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) levels, and antioxidant/oxidant enzymes in rats. Amla was more potent than vitamin C in scavenging O_2^−·, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide. N-Nitrosodiethylamine increased ROS production in liver and bile, hepatic Kupffer cell and leukocyte infiltration, 3-nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxynonenal accumulations, apoptosis and autophagy, and plasma ALT, AST, and γ-GT levels in the rats, decreased hepatic manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and catalase protein expressions, and enhanced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) protein expressions. Amla significantly preserved MnSOD and catalase expressions and decreased iNOS and CYP2E1 protein expressions in N-nitrosodiethylamine-treated livers. Amla decreased N-nitrosodiethylamine-enhanced hepatic apoptosis and autophagy appearances via down-regulation of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and Beclin-1 expression. Thus Amla supplementation counteracts N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced liver injury via its antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and anti-autophagy properties.
Chen, Hsin-Hao,Chiu, Hsiao-Hui,Yeh, Tzu-Lin,Lin, Chi-Min,Huang, Hsin-Yi,Wu, Shang-Liang Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2021 Safety and health at work Vol.12 No.3
Background: Health-care providers typically undergo shift work and are subjected to increased stress. Night shift work may induce disturbed sleep cycles and circadian rhythm. The objective of this study was to explore if night shift workers (NSWs) show an increased risk of abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 574 employees without thyroid disease and abnormal TSH at baseline who underwent annual check-ups between 2007 and 2016 in a medical center. NSWs were defined as those with working time schedules other than daytime hours. We calculated the incidence rate and estimated the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for incident abnormal TSH and subclinical hypothyroidism compared with non-NSWs using a Cox regression model. Results: A total of 56 incident abnormal TSH cases and 39 subclinical hypothyroidism cases in NSWs were identified during 3000 person-years of follow-up. In models adjusted for age, sex, obesity, and working departments, we found no increased relative risk for incident abnormal TSH (HR: 0.72, 95% confidence interval: 0.33-1.60) or subclinical hypothyroidism (HR: 0.52, 95% confidence interval: 0.19-1.45) when comparing NSWs to non-NSWs; nor were incidence rates significantly different among exclusively medical employees after excluding administrative staff. Conclusion: In this hospital-based nine-year follow-up retrospective cohort study, NSWs were not associated with increased relative risk of incident abnormal TSH and subclinical hypothyroidism, in contrast to previous cross-sectional studies.