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The crosstalk mechanism of Brassinosteroids and ABA in early seedling development
Hojin Ryu,Wonsil Bae,Ildoo Hwang 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2013 No.07
Seed germination and the establishment of young seedlings are critical phases in the plant’s life cycle. To control these processes, plants have evolved diverse hormonal signaling networks in which brassinosteroids (BRs) attenuate abscisic acid (ABA) responses; however, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains elusive. Here, we reveal that epigenetic silencing of the ABA signaling regulator ABI3 via the BR-related transcription factor BES1 is essential for the inhibitory effect of BRs on ABA signaling during early seedling development. BR-activated BES1 forms a transcriptional repressor complex with TPL via its EAR motif that recruits the histone deacetylase HDA19. This facilitates the histone H3-mediated deacetylation of ABI3 chromatin, leading to the suppression of ABI3 and its downstream target ABI5, which results in reduced ABA sensitivity. We propose that the BR-activated BES1-TPL-HDA19 repressor complex controls epigenetic silencing of ABI3 and thereby suppresses the ABA response during early seedling development.
선박 생애주기 지원을 위한 Multi-BoM 모델 연구
황호진(Hojin Hwang),안경익(Kyungik An),황진상(Jinsang Hwang) (사)한국CDE학회 2012 한국 CAD/CAM 학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.2
선박의 생애주기는 영업설계, 기본설계, 상세설계, 생산설계, 건조, 운영 및 유지보수의 단계를 가지고 있다. 선박설계 결과는 BoM(Bill of Material)을 기반으로 관리되지만 조선소에서 사용하는 BoM 구조는 설계 단계별/업무분야별로 동일한 정보를 서로 상이한 구조로 표현하고 있는 경우가 많기 때문에, 선박의 생애주기 동안 발생하는 정보가 통합 관리되기 어렵고, 설계 전후 단계 간의 정보 연계가 제대로 이루어지지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 제품의 생애주기 지원을 위한 국제표준인 ISO 10303 STEP 을 기반으로, 선박의 생애주기 과정에서 생성되는 상이한 BoM 구조를 통합관리 할 수 있는 Multi-BoM 데이터모델을 제시하였고, 이를 기반으로 BoM 관리 프로토타입 시스템을 통해 그 효용성을 실험하였다.
Wet Pretreatment-Induced Modification of Cu(In,Ga)Se<sub>2</sub>/Cd-Free ZnTiO Buffer Interface
Hwang, Suhwan,Larina, Liudmila,Lee, Hojin,Kim, Suncheul,Choi, Kyoung Soon,Jeon, Cheolho,Ahn, Byung Tae,Shin, Byungha American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.24
<P>We report a novel Cd-free ZnTiO buffer layer deposited by atomic layer deposition for Cu(In,Ga)Se<SUB>2</SUB> (CIGS) solar cells. Wet pretreatments of the CIGS absorbers with NH<SUB>4</SUB>OH, H<SUB>2</SUB>O, and/or aqueous solution of Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> ions were explored to improve the quality of the CIGS/ZnTiO interface, and their effects on the chemical state of the absorber and the final performance of Cd-free CIGS devices were investigated. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed that the aqueous solution etched away sodium compounds accumulated on the CIGS surface, which was found to be detrimental for solar cell operation. Wet treatment with NH<SUB>4</SUB>OH solution led to a reduced photocurrent, which was attributed to the thinning (or removal) of an ordered vacancy compound (OVC) layer on the CIGS surface as evidenced by an increased Cu XPS peak intensity after the NH<SUB>4</SUB>OH treatment. However, the addition of Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> ions to the NH<SUB>4</SUB>OH aqueous solution suppressed the etching of the OVC by NH<SUB>4</SUB>OH, explaining why such a negative effect of NH<SUB>4</SUB>OH is not present in the conventional chemical bath deposition of CdS. The band alignment at the CIGS/ZnTiO interface was quantified using XPS depth profile measurements. A small cliff-like conduction band offset of −0.11 eV was identified at the interface, which indicates room for further improvement of efficiency of the CIGS/ZnTiO solar cells once the band alignment is altered to a slight spike by inserting a passivation layer with a higher conduction band edge than ZnTiO. Combination of the small cliff conduction band offset at the interface, removal of the Na compound via water, and surface doping by Cd ions allowed the application of ZnTiO buffer to CIGS treated with Cd solutions, exhibiting an efficiency of 80% compared to that of a reference CIGS solar cell treated with the CdS.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Considerations in Selecting a Fitting a Function for Film Dosimetry in Radiation Therapy
Hwang Ui-Jung,김기환,Lim Young Kyung,Kim Haksoo,Choi Sang-Hyoun,Min Byung Jun,Jeong Hojin,나정은 한국물리학회 2020 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.77 No.1
Although many technologies, such as an electronic portal imaging device, a software-based quality assurance system, an ion chamber array, etc., have been developed for the purpose of quality assurance of radiotherapy planning, radiochromic film is still one of the most reliable technologies and is being widely used. In particular, compared with other technologies, EBT3 film has unique advantages, including its unlimited spatial resolution, relatively small volume and waterproof quality, which means it can be used inside the patient's body. The main obstacle to using EBT3 film is that various equations have to be used in the calibration process, which makes it very sensitive to the results. The manufacturer provides a fitting function, but many software programs and researchers use their own functions. In this study, some functions normally used for calibrating EBT3 films are compared by analyzing a couple of characteristics in the course of fitting the function to the measured values. Although our study shows the lack of a suitable fitting function that works well in every situation, it can provide valuable insight into selecting suitable functions for fitting in a clinical setting.
( Hojin Yeom ),( Sung-hee Hwang ),( Byeal-i Han ),( Michael Lee ) 한국응용약물학회 2021 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.29 No.4
BRAF inhibitors are insufficient monotherapies for BRAF-mutated cancer; therefore, we investigated which inhibitory pathway would yield the most effective therapeutic approach when targeted in combination with BRAF inhibition. The oncogenic BRAF inhibitor, PLX4720, increased basal autophagic flux in BRAF-mutated cells compared to wild-type (WT) BRAF cells. Interestingly, early autophagy inhibition improved the effectiveness of PLX4720 regardless of BRAF mutation, whereas late autophagy inhibition did not. Although ATG5 knockout led to PLX4720 resistance in both WT and BRAF-mutated cells, the MEK inhibitor trametinib exhibited a synergistic effect on PLX4720 sensitivity in WT BRAF cells but not in BRAF-mutated cells. Conversely, the prolonged inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress reduced basal autophagy in BRAF-mutated cells, thereby increasing PLX4720 sensitivity. Taken together, our results suggest that the combined inhibition of ER stress and BRAF may simultaneously suppress both pro-survival ER stress and autophagy, and may therefore be suitable for treatment of BRAF-mutated tumors whose autophagy is increased by chronic ER stress. Similarly, for WT BRAF tumors, therapies targeting MEK signaling may be a more effective treatment strategy. Together, this study presents a rational combination treatment strategy to improve the efficacy of BRAF inhibitors depending on BRAF mutation status.
Hojin Ryu,Wonsil Bae,Hyunsook Kim,Kwangryul Back,Hyunwoo Cho,Ildoo Hwang 한국육종학회 2012 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2012 No.07
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades play critical roles in various cellular events including abiotic/biotic stress responses, innate immunity, hormone signaling and cell specificity in plants. The MAPK-mediated stress and ethylene signaling are recently known to be involved in nitogen-fixing symbiotic interactions; however, the biological role of MAPK for nodule development in legume plants is largely unknown. We here elucidated that MtMKK5-MtMPK3/6 cascade negatively regulate the nitrogen fixing nodule formation in Medicago truncatula. MtMKK5, an ortholog of SIMKK, overexpression significantly reduces the nodule formation in M. truncatula roots. MtMKK5 directly activates MtMPK3/6 by phosphorylation on the TEY motif within the activation loop in the cytoplasm, which might link to EFD as a negative regulator for nodule formation. EFD has a putative MAPK phosphorylation Thr residue and could be a target of the activated MtMPK3/6 in the nucleus. Consistently, a MAPK specific inhibitor U0126 enhances nodule formation and confers similar nodule phenotypes to the efd-1 mutant such as lower proliferation and differentiation to symbiotic tissues. Our works thus reveal a key negative signaling module mediated by MtMKK5-MtMPK3/6-EFD for symbiotic nitrogen fixing nodule organogenesis.
허호진(Hojin Heo),정재욱(Jaewook Jung),김주동(Joodong Kim),최재붕(Jaeboong Choi),황인주(Inju Hwang) (사)한국CDE학회 2012 한국 CAD/CAM 학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.2
Recently, Plant industries are proceeding a research about system that can be managed from designing to operating and maintaining. Especially plant design technology based on virtual reality that can make management efficiency to be increased by visualization of plant design and operating step. So, need for plant design technology based on virtual reality is increasing. In order to build a virtual plant model, fast and efficient building model techniques is essential by building library or automatic design modules of the major components. In this study we develop automatic design modules of the major components for LNG plant management system based on virtual reality. The main components of the LNG plant were classified by type and function, and design parameters that represent each part were defined. Input information and the generation code were arranged by code. Based on this, by entering the main dimensions or size information, we proposed scale up/down module can make or modify the major component of LNG plant easily. This study was carried out by using i-Logic of leading 3D CAD program, Autodesk Inventor 2011.