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Curvature homogeneity for four-dimensional manifolds
Sekigawa, Kouei,Suga, Hiroshi,Vanhecke, Lieven Korean Mathematical Society 1995 대한수학회지 Vol.32 No.1
Let (M,g) be an n-dimensional, connected Riemannian manifold with Levi Civita connection $\nabla$ and Riemannian curvature tensor R defined by $$ R_XY = [\nabla_X, \nabla_Y] - \nabla_{[X,Y]} $$ for all smooth vector fields X, Y. $\nablaR, \cdots, \nabla^kR, \cdots$ denote the successive covariant derivatives and we assume $\nabla^0R = R$.
Development of a Cloud Profiling FM-CW Radar at 95 GHz and its Performance
Toshiaki TAKANO,Yumiro SUGA,Ken-ichi AKITA,Youhei KAWAMURA,Kurt SAKAI,Hiroshi KUMAGAI,Hiroshi KUROIWA,Yuichi OHNO,Hiroaki Horie,Tamio TAKAMURA,Yuji NAKANISHI,Teruyuki NAKAJIMA 대한전자공학회 2003 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2003 No.7
Immobilization of π-conjugated molecules on Au using dendrimer-based templates
Hideo Tokuhisa,Emiko Koyama,Abdelhak Belaissaoui,Hiroshi Suga,Takao Ishida,Yasushiro Nishioka,Masatoshi Kanesato 한국물리학회 2006 Current Applied Physics Vol.6 No.4
In this paper, we demonstrate immobilization of two kinds of p-conjugated molecules on Au using dendrimer-based templates; one is a p-phenylene ethynylene derivative and the other is a 4,40-bis(phenylethynyl)-2,20-bipyridine derivative. Both molecules were bound to benzyl-ether dendrons through an alkali-labile, ester linkage to give two different generation dendrimers. The removal of the dendrons from the self-assembled monolayers of the dendrimers left the isolated p-conjugated-molecules as well as small collections of the molecules on the surfaces, which was confirmed by surface Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Insertion of the dendrimer into n-dodecanethiol monolayer instead of the direct adsorption on a bare gold gave only the isolated, single molecules on the surface after the dendrons were removed.
( Kunihiro Hayakawa ),( Keigo Ikeda ),( Maki Fujishiro ),( Yuko Yoshida ),( Takuya Hirai ),( Hiroshi Tsushima ),( Tomoko Miyashita ),( Shinji Morimoto ),( Yasushi Suga ),( Kenji Takamori ),( Hideoki O 대한피부과학회 2018 Annals of Dermatology Vol.30 No.1
Background: Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a multifunctional cellular protein and playing a role as a central mediator in tissue remodeling and fibrosis. The physiological function of CTGF in psoriasis is unknown. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the function of CTGF in psoriasis using the established imiquimod (IMQ)- induced psoriasis murine model and psoriasis patients. Methods: Anti-CTGF monoclonal antibody was applied to IMQ induced psoriasis mice and those skin were clinically, pathologically and immunologically analyzed. Additionally, CTGF expression was analyzes using skin samples and plasma from psoriasis patients. Results: CTGF expression was observed in the dermis from both IMQ-induced psoriatic mice and psoriasis patients. CTGF inhibition using an anti-CTGF antibody slightly worsened IMQ-induced dermatitis. In addition, the increase of CTGF showed tendency to suppress the psoriatic dermatitis through inhibition of suprabasal cells proliferation and macrophage infiltration in the skin. CTGF was also detected significantly higher in plasma from psoriasis patients comparing with healthy control. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that CTGF could contribute to the healing rather than the worsening of psoriasis skin lesions. (Ann Dermatol 30(1) 47∼53, 2018)
Mariko Takemoto,Masataka Sunagawa,Mayumi Okada,Hideshi Ikemoto,Hiroki Suga,Ayami Katayama,Hiroshi Otake,Tadashi Hisamitsu 한국한의학연구원 2016 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.5 No.1
Background Animal models have shown that glial cells (microglia and astrocytes) in the spinal cord undergo activation following peripheral injury associated with chronic pain, suggesting the involvement of these cells in pain diseases. We have previously reported that Yokukansan (YKS), a Japanese traditional herbal (Kampo) medicine, is effective against chronic pain through the suppression of spinal glial cell activation. Morphine is a widely-used opioid analgesic for relieving severe pain, but its repeated administration leads to the development of antinociceptive tolerance. The development of morphine tolerance is also reported to be caused by spinal glial cells activation. In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of YKS on the development of morphine tolerance and the activation of the spinal microglia and astrocytes using a rat model. Methods Male Wistar rats received a subcutaneous injection of morphine hydrochloride (10 mg/kg/d) for 7 days, and the withdrawal latency to thermal stimulation was measured daily using a hot plate test. Thereafter, the appearance of activated microglia and astrocyte in the spinal cord (L5) was examined by immunofluorescence staining. Ionized calcium binding adapter molecule-1 (Iba-1) staining was used to label microglia and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) staining was performed to label astrocytes. YKS was administered mixed with powdered rodent chow at a concentration of 3%. Results The preadministration of YKS (started 3 d before the morphine injection) prevented the development of morphine tolerance. The repeated administration of morphine increased Iba-1 and GFAP immune reactivities in the spinal cord; however, these activations were inhibited by the preadministration of YKS. Conclusion These results suggest that the preadministration of YKS attenuates the development of antinociceptive morphine tolerance, and the suppression of spinal glial cell activation may be one mechanism underlying this phenomenon.
Bong Su Kang,Sunghak Choi,Shogo Taguchi,Keishi Suga,Hiroshi Umakoshi,Keesung Kim,Moon Kyu Kwak,Hosup Jung 한국정밀공학회 2024 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.11 No.2
Although a microfluidic technique for vesicle synthesis has drawn attention in the biomedical field due to its superiority in size control and monodispersity, it has suffered from the extraction of residual solvent. Previous studies attempted the solvent-free microfluidic method using the bicelle-to-vesicle transition, but only a limited size of vesicles was obtained with low membrane properties on account of inefficient mixing. In this paper, we suggest the solvent-free and non-stimulus method for the vesicle preparation using a microfluidic chip with different types of mixing structures, among which the tilted-type structure performed an efficient mixing. With this micromixer, lipid vesicles can be continuously obtained at high yields by diluting bicelle solutions composed of DMPC (1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) and DHPC (1,2-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine). After passing through the microfluidic chip, DMPC bilayer domain coalesced and formed vesicle, while DHPC could dissolve into an aqueous phase. The membrane properties of the vesicles exhibited a highly ordered phase, indicating that DHPCs were removed from transitioned vesicles after dilution in a microfluidic chip. Moreover, by controlling the dilution ratio, vesicles of various sizes ranging from 90 to 480 nm with an enhanced monodispersity can be obtained without any additional process.