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Outbreak of Brucellosis in Domestic Elk in Korea
Her, M.,Cho, D.-H.,Kang, S.-I.,Lim, J.-S.,Kim, H.-J.,Cho, Y.-S.,Hwang, I.-Y.,Lee, T.,Jung, S.-C.,Yoo, H.-S. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH Vol.57 No.3
<P>Summary</P><P>Seven of 18 elk on a deer farm were found by the official Rose-Bengal agglutination test (RBT) and tube agglutination test to be brucellosis reactors/suspects. Evaluation with the competitive ELISA (C-ELISA) and the fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) tests revealed that six and five sera were positive respectively. The seven reactors/ suspects were slaughtered and their blood and tissues were collected. <I>Brucella</I> species could be isolated from three of the slaughtered animals, with nine isolates being obtained from the popliteal, supramammary and submandibular lymph nodes, vaginal discharge, mammary tissue and spleen. <I>Brucella</I> genus-specific PCR based on 16S rRNA and AMOS-PCR, which is specific for differential <I>Brucella</I> species, revealed that all nine isolates were <I>Brucella abortus</I>. These nine were further confirmed to be <I>B. abortus</I> biovar 1 by classical biotyping scheme assays. This is the first report of an outbreak of brucellosis in domestic elk in Korea. Our observations suggest that deer should be included in the routine <I>Brucella</I> surveillance programme for the effective control and prevention of brucellosis in Korea.</P>
López-Cánovas Juan L.,Hermán-Sánchez Natalia,del Rio-Moreno Mercedes,Fuentes-Fayos Antonio C.,Lara-López Araceli,Sánchez-Frias Marina E.,Amado Víctor,Ciria Rubén,Briceño Javier,de la Mata Manuel,Casta 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis is associated with alterations in splicing machinery components (spliceosome and splicing factors) and aberrant expression of oncogenic splice variants. We aimed to analyze the expression and potential role of the spliceosome component PRPF8 (pre-mRNA processing factor 8) in HCC. PRPF8 expression (mRNA/protein) was analyzed in a retrospective cohort of HCC patients (n = 172 HCC and nontumor tissues) and validated in two in silico cohorts (TCGA and CPTAC). PRPF8 expression was silenced in liver cancer cell lines and in xenograft tumors to understand the functional and mechanistic consequences. In silico RNAseq and CLIPseq data were also analyzed. Our results indicate that PRPF8 is overexpressed in HCC and associated with increased tumor aggressiveness (patient survival, etc.), expression of HCC-related splice variants, and modulation of critical genes implicated in cancer-related pathways. PRPF8 silencing ameliorated aggressiveness in vitro and decreased tumor growth in vivo. Analysis of in silico CLIPseq data in HepG2 cells demonstrated that PRPF8 binds preferentially to exons of protein-coding genes, and RNAseq analysis showed that PRPF8 silencing alters splicing events in multiple genes. Integrated and in vitro analyses revealed that PRPF8 silencing modulates fibronectin (FN1) splicing, promoting the exclusion of exon 40.2, which is paramount for binding to integrins. Consistent with this finding, PRPF8 silencing reduced FAK/AKT phosphorylation and blunted stress fiber formation. Indeed, HepG2 and Hep3B cells exhibited a lower invasive capacity in membranes treated with conditioned medium from PRPF8-silenced cells compared to medium from scramble-treated cells. This study demonstrates that PRPF8 is overexpressed and associated with aggressiveness in HCC and plays important roles in hepatocarcinogenesis by altering FN1 splicing, FAK/AKT activation and stress fiber formation.
Cely T. González,Kristin Saltonstall,Hermógenes Fernández-Marín 한국미생물학회 2019 The journal of microbiology Vol.57 No.10
Fungus-growing ants share a complex symbiosis with microbes, including fungal mutualists, antibiotic-producing bacteria, and fungal pathogens. The bacterial communities associated with this symbiosis are poorly understood but likely play important roles in maintaining the health and function of fungal gardens. We studied bacterial communities in gardens of two Apterostigma species, A. dentigerum, and A. pilosum, using next-generation sequencing to evaluate differences between the two ant species, their veiled and no-veiled fungal garden types, and across three collection locations. We also compared different parts of nests to test for homogeneity within nests. Enterobacteriaceae dominated gardens of both species and common OTUs were shared across both species and nest types. However, differences in community diversity were detected between ant species, and in the communities of A. dentigerum veiled and no-veiled nests within sites. Apterostigma pilosum had a higher proportion of Phyllobacteriaceae and differed from A. dentigerum in the proportions of members of the order Clostridiales. Within A. dentigerum, nests with veiled and no-veiled fungus gardens had similar taxonomic profiles but differed in the relative abundance of some groups, with veiled gardens having more Rhodospirillaceae and Hyphomicrobiaceae, and no-veiled having more Xanthomonadaceae and certain genera in the Enterobacteriaceae C. However, bacterial communities in Apterostigma fungal gardens are highly conserved and resemble those of the nests of other attine ants with dominant taxa likely playing a role in biomass degradation and defense. Further work is required to understand and explain how bacterial community composition of fungus-growing nests is maintained.
Andréia Cnossen-Fassoni,Denise Mara Soares Bazzolli,Sérgio Hermínio Brommonschenkel,Elza Fernandes de Araújo,Marisa Vieira de Queiroz 한국미생물학회 2013 The journal of microbiology Vol.51 No.4
Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is the causal agent of anthracnose in the common bean, and the genes that encode its cell-wall-degrading enzymes are crucial for the development of the disease. Pectinases are the most important group of cell wall-degrading enzymes produced by phytopathogenic fungi. The pecC1l gene, which encodes a pectate lyase in C. lindemuthianum, was isolated and characterized. Possible cis-regulatory elements and transcription factor binding sites that may be involved in the regulation of genetic expression were detected in the promoter region of the gene. pecCl1 is represented by a single copy in the genome of C. lindemuthianum, though in silico analyses of the genomes of Colletotrichum graminicola and Colletotrichum higginsianum suggest that the genome of C. lindemuthianum includes other genes that encode pectate lyases. Phylogenetic analysis detected two groups that clustered based on different members of the pectate lyase family. Analysis of the differential expression of pecCl1 during different stages of infection showed a significant increase in pecCl1 expression five days after infection, at the onset of the necrotrophic phase. The split-maker technique proved to be an efficient method for inactivation of the pecCl1 gene, which allowed functional study of a mutant with a site-specific integration. Though gene inactivation did not result in complete loss of pectate lyase activity, the symptoms of anthracnose were reduced. Analysis of pectate lyases might not only contribute to the understanding of anthracnose in the common bean but might also lead to the discovery of an additional target for controlling anthracnose.
Eco-friendlier and sustainable natural-based additives for poly(vinyl chloride)-based composites
Sofia Marceneiro,Irene Lobo,Isabel Dias,Elizabete de Pinho,Ana M.A. Dias,Hermínio C. de Sousa 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.110 No.-
This work presents novel natural-based and solvent-free additives for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), namelycalcium soaps, obtained for the first time from naturally occurring epoxidized soybean and linseed oils(ESO/ELO); and biogenic calcium carbonate, obtained from chicken eggshells (EG) after different acidand/or thermal pre-treatments. Results show that these additives were able to: i) reduce the concentrationof volatile organic compounds released from PVC films, including alcohols, aldehydes, esters andphthalates (97,95,90 and 84% chromatographic peak area reduction, respectively), originating safer materials;ii) improve the long-term thermal stability of PVC-based materials, while maintaining theirmechanical performance and when compared to control samples formulated with a high-performancecommonly employed solvent-based thermal stabilizer. Films formulated with ESO-based calcium soapsand with EG powders treated with acid and thermal treatment (200 C) presented the best performancein terms of heat aging and long-term thermal stability. The former also slightly improved the thermomechanicalproperties of the films indicating that these additives are also working as secondary plasticizersfor PVC. This work gives an important contribution towards the safety and sustainability of highperformancePVC-based materials, by allowing the substitution of commercially available thermal stabilizersby new eco-friendlier and safer alternatives obtained from renewable sources.
ENDORSER’S BODY POSTURE AS AN ANTECEDENT OF (LUXURY) BRAND PERSONALITY PERCEPTION
Steffen Herm,Jana M?ller,Klaus Heine 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.7
Based on research on human personality perception, we propose that endorsers in advertisements transfer metaphoric meaning of their body postures to customers’ brand perceptions and discuss them as a neglected antecedent of brand personality. Our findings suggest that the body posture of endorsers generally enforces brand personality perceptions.
ENDORSER’S BODY POSTURE AS AN ANTECEDENT OF (LUXURY) BRAND PERSONALITY PERCEPTION
Steffen Herm,Jana Möller,Klaus Heine 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.6
Based on research on human personality perception, we propose that endorsers in advertisements transfer metaphoric meaning of their body postures to customers’ brand perceptions and discuss them as a neglected antecedent of brand personality. Our findings suggest that the body posture of endorsers generally enforces brand personality perceptions.