Chrysanthemum extract and extract prepared silver nanoparticles as biocides to control Aedes aegypti (L.), the vector of dengue fever

Hamed A. Ghramh,Kh.M. Al-Ghamdi,Jazem A. Mahyoub,Essam H. Ibrahim 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.1

Mosquitoes play a key role in the transmission of some important diseases. The need for controlling these insectsis critical to reduce their risks to human and domesticated animals. Recently the trend to explore effectivechemical compounds from local plants has begun as a safe means of control. The present study aimed to evaluatethe anti-larval activity of Chrysanthemum extract and the prepared silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) against the Aedesaegypti mosquito, the dengue vector in Saudi Arabia. A series of different concentrations of ethanol extract andextract prepared AgNPs against the fourth-life larvae was tested. The effective concentrations of crude extractand AgNPs ranged from 50 to 250 and 10 to 30 ppm respectively, and the death percentages corresponding tothese concentrations ranged from 18 to 92 and 36 to 96% respectively. According to the LC50 values of treatedlarvae, AgNPs (12.754 ppm) is more effective against A. aegypti mosquito larvae than the crude extract(228.345 ppm) at about 17.9 times. The mixing of the plant extract with the silver nitrate has led to potentiation. This is due to the synergy that occurs between the extract and the silver particles during the reduction process. The compounds in the extract are related to the surface of the particles, increasing the strength of their effects. Itis recommend to separate the active elements in the Chrysanthemum plant and its preparation in the form ofnanoparticles as a promising compound in mosquito control programs with least damage to human kind and theenvironment.

A novel person re-identification network to address low-resolution problem in smart city context

Yaqoob Irfan,Hassan Muhammad Umair,Niu Dongmei,Zhao Xiuyang,Hameed Ibrahim A.,Hassan Saeed-Ul 한국통신학회 2023 ICT Express Vol.9 No.5

We argue that accurate person re-identification is a vital problem for urban public monitoring systems in the smart city context. Since images captured from different cameras have arbitrary resolutions resulting in resolution mismatch, this work proposes a model that takes arbitrary images and converts them to a pre-defined fixed resolution. The model then passes the images to a super-resolution network, producing high-resolution images. We employ a feedback network to generate more realistic super-resolution images, which are fed to the re-identification network to acquire a unique descriptor to disclose the person’s identity. We outperformed in all measures against other state-of-the-art methods.

Rheological and Mucoadhesive Characterization of Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) Hydrogels Designed for Nasal Mucosal Drug Delivery Ibrahim

Ibrahim A. Alsarra,Amel Y. Hamed,Steven H. Neau,Fars K. Alanazi 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.4

Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) hydrogels were crosslinked by gamma irradiation to add structure and rigidity, and then rheological and mucoadhesive properties were evaluated. The effects of PVP concentration, radiation dose, and additives, such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and glycerol, on rheological properties were investigated. In an oscillatory analysis, an increase in polymer concentrations increased the storage modulus (G') and the loss modulus (G'') but decreased the loss tangent (tan δ < 1). The relationships between G' or G'' and the frequency levelled off at higher frequencies, which is indicative of polymer chain entanglement and network formation. Each of the 6% PVP hydrogels exhibited plastic flow with rheopectic behavior. PVP concentration, radiation dose, and the presence of PEG or glycerol influenced the rheological and mucoadhesive properties of the hydrogels. However, adding acyclovir to the formulation did not have a profound effect on the rheological behavior of the hydrogels. The results suggest that a 3% PVP hydrogel with 1% PEG crosslinked with 20 kGy is the most appropriate hydrogel. The results demonstrated the successful complementary application of oscillatory and flow rheometry to characterize and develop a hydrogel for mucosal drug administration.

Tensile Properties and Fracture Characteristics of ECAP-Processed Al and Al-Cu Alloys

Mohamed Ibrahim Abd El Aal,Nahed El Mahallawy,Farouk A. Shehata,Mohamed Abd El Hameed,윤은유,이정환,김형섭 대한금속·재료학회 2010 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.16 No.5

In the present paper, billets of pure Al, and cast-homogenized Al-2 wt.%, 3 wt.%, and 5 wt.% Cu alloys were successfully processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) up to 10 passes without fracture at room temperature using a die with a channel angle of 110o. Giant strains imposed on workpieces lead to extreme dislocation densities, microstructural refinement, and finally ultrafine grained materials. Tensile tests were employed to examine the fracture modes and fracture surface morphologies of the ECAP-processed Al and Al-Cu alloy samples. In particular, the effects of the number of ECAP passes and the Cu content were investigated.

3D FEM simulations for the homogeneity of plastic deformation in Al–Cu alloys during ECAP

Mahallawy, Nahed El,Shehata, Farouk A.,Hameed, Mohamed Abd El,Aal, Mohamed Ibrahim Abd El,Kim, Hyoung Seop Elsevier 2010 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.527 No.6

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) is a material processing method that allows very high strains to be imposed, leading to extreme work hardening and microstructural refinement. To investigate the deformation homogeneity in the transverse direction, rigid-viscoplastic 3D finite element simulations were conducted for the different numbers of ECAP passes of Al with Cu contents 0–5%. The simulation results indicated that the material on the outer side of the die channel undergoes less deformation than that in the inner side due to the formation of a corner gap. It was also found that the homogeneity increased with increasing the number of ECAP passes and the copper content due to the decrease in the size of the corner gap. To verify the 3D finite element simulation results, the microhardness homogeneity across the transverse direction of the billet was measured. The same trend was observed: the homogeneity in hardness increased with increasing the number of ECAP passes and Cu contents from 0% to 5%. The homogeneity of deformation indicated by microhardness and by FEM results was higher for route A compared with route Bc and increases with the number of ECAP passes. The homogeneity in route A was higher than that in route Bc by 10% after 2 passes up to 8 passes.</P>

Biological Screening of Novel Derivatives of Valproic Acid for Anticancer and Antiangiogenic Properties

Farooq, Muhammad,El-Faham, Ayman,Khattab, Sherine N.,Elkayal, Ahmed M.,Ibrahim, Mahmoud F.,Taha, Nael Abu,Baabbad, Almohannad,Wadaan, Mohammad A.M.,Hamed, Ezaat A. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18

Background: Valproic acid (VPA) is a potent anticancer and antiangiogenic agent. However, design and synthesis of chemical derivatives with improved antiangiogenic and anticancer activities are still necessary. In this study a library of novel derivatives of VPA was synthesized and tested. Methods: A human liver cancer cell line (HepG2) and a human normal embryonic kidney cell line (HEK 293) were exposed to various concentrations of VPA derivatives for 24 hours and cell viability was checked by MTT colorimetric assay. Anti-angiogenic properties were evaluated in transgenic zebrafish embryos. Results: N-valproylglycine derivatives suppressed survival almost 70% (p value 0.001) in HepG2 cells but only 10-12% in HEK 293 cells (p value 0.133). They also suppressed angiogenic blood vessel formation by 80% when used between $2-20{\mu}M$ in zebrafish embryos. Valproic acid hydrazides showed moderate level of anticancer activity by affecting 30-50% (p value 0.001) of cell viability in HepG2 cells and 8-10% in HEK293 cells (p value 0.034). Conclusion: The majority of compounds in this study showed potent and stronger antiangiogenic and anticancer activity than VPA. They proved selectively toxic to cancer cells and safer for normal cells. Moreover, these compounds inhibited developmental angiogenesis in zebrafish embryos. Based on the fact that liver is a highly vascularized organ, in case of liver carcinoma these compounds have the potential to target the pathological angiogenesis and could be an effective strategy to treat hepatocellular carcinoma.