Effects of Short-Term Tillage on Rhizosphere Soil Nitrogen Mineralization and Microbial Community Composition in Double-Cropping Rice Field

( Haiming Tang ),( Li Wen ),( Kaikai Cheng ),( Chao Li ),( Lihong Shi ),( Weiyan Li ),( Yong Guo ),( Xiaoping Xiao ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2024 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.34 No.7

Soil extracellular enzyme plays a vital role in changing soil nitrogen (N) mineralization of rice field. However, the effects of soil extracellular enzyme activities (EEA) and microbial community composition response to N mineralization of rice field under short-term tillage treatment needed to be further explored. In this study, we investigated the impact of short-term (8-year) tillage practices on rhizosphere soil N transformation rate, soil enzyme activities, soil microbial community structure, and the N mineralization function gene abundances in double-cropping rice field in southern China. The experiment consisted of four tillage treatments: rotary tillage with crop straw input (RT), conventional tillage with crop straw input (CT), no-tillage with crop straw retention (NT), and rotary tillage with all crop straw removed as a control (RTO). The results indicated that the rhizosphere soil N transformation rate in paddy field under the NT and RTO treatments was significantly decreased compared to RT and CT treatments. In comparison to the NT and RTO treatments, soil protease, urease, β-glucosaminidase, and arginase activities were significantly improved by the CT treatment, as were abundances of soil sub, npr, and chiA with CT and RT treatments. Moreover, the overall diversity of soil bacterial communities in NT and RTO treatments was significantly lower than that in RT and CT treatments. Soil chitinolytic and bacterial ureolytic communities were also obviously changed under a combination of tillage and crop straw input practices.

Effects of Long-Term Fertilizer Practices on Rhizosphere Soil Autotrophic CO₂-Fixing Bacteria under Double Rice Ecosystem in Southern China

( Haiming Tang ),( Li Wen ),( Lihong Shi ),( Chao Li ),( Kaikai Cheng ),( Weiyan Li ),( Xiaoping Xiao ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2022 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.32 No.10

Soil autotrophic bacterial communities play a significant role in the soil carbon (C) cycle in paddy fields, but little is known about how rhizosphere soil microorganisms respond to different long-term (35 years) fertilization practices under double rice cropping ecosystems in southern China. Here, we investigated the variation characteristics of rhizosphere soil RubisCO gene cbbL in the double rice ecosystems of in southern China where such fertilization practices are used. For this experiment we set up the following fertilizer regime: without any fertilizer input as a control (CK), inorganic fertilizer (MF), straw returning (RF), and organic and inorganic fertilizer (OM). We found that abundances of cbbL, 16S rRNA genes and RubisCO activity in rhizosphere soil with OM, RF and MF treatments were significantly higher than that of CK treatment. The abundances of cbbL and 16S rRNA genes in rhizosphere soil with OM treatment were 5.46 and 3.64 times higher than that of CK treatment, respectively. Rhizosphere soil RubisCO activity with OM and RF treatments increased by 50.56 and 45.22%, compared to CK treatment. Shannon and Chao1 indices for rhizosphere soil cbbL libraries with RF and OM treatments increased by 44.28, 28.56, 29.60, and 23.13% compared to CK treatment. Rhizosphere soil cbbL sequences with MF, RF and OM treatments mainly belonged to Variovorax paradoxus, uncultured proteobacterium, Ralstonia pickettii, Thermononospora curvata, and Azoarcus sp.KH33C. Meanwhile, cbbL-carrying bacterial composition was obviously influenced by soil bulk density, rhizosphere soil dissolved organic C, soil organic C, and microbial biomass C contents. Fertilizer practices were the principal factor influencing rhizosphere soil cbbL-carrying bacterial communities. These results showed that rhizosphere soil autotrophic bacterial communities were significantly changed under conditions of different long-term fertilization practices Therefore, increasing rhizosphere soil autotrophic bacteria community with crop residue and organic manure practices was found to be beneficial for management of double rice ecosystems in southern China.

Theoretical Analysis of Cultural Differences between China and the United States Based on Cultural Differences — A Case Study of the Chinese and American Mulan Films

Haiming Li KOREA INSTITUTE FOR HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 2023 Journal of Arts and Cultural Studies(ACS) Vol.2 No.1

Focusing on cultural content, the Korean tourism industry takes corresponding measures for Chinese tourists

Haiming Li KOREA INSTITUTE FOR HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 2023 Journal of Arts and Cultural Studies(ACS) Vol.2 No.2

COVID-19 impacted international and domestic tourism in South Korea. The China Tourism Academy analyzed Chinese tourists' post-COVID-19 behavior from July 14th to July 26th, 2021. The survey results showed a shift from offline to online tourism. Purpose: In 2022, the number of people entering and exiting South Korea increased by 326% to 19,414,228 with an increase in the recovery momentum. South Korea is one of the first countries to construct smart cities, guided by the "ubiquitous everywhere" concept. Open policies and smart tourism attract foreign tourists. After the epidemic, the tourism industry’s development accelerated, and local governments introduced various policies. For Chinese tourists, this study analyzed the travel trends, considerations, and Korean tourism policies in the post-epidemic era. It took Incheon as a case of a smart tourism city. It analyzed the measures the Korean tourism industry took to attract Chinese tourists through interviews and surveys. Methods: Qualitative methods and literature demonstrate the tourism industry’s post-pandemic impact on the South Korean economy. This highlights the importance and value of this study. The case study method focuses on Incheon Metropolitan City, analyzing the rise of smart tourism and new media technologies in South Korea. Finally, research interviews were conducted with professionals in related industries to understand their views and attitudes toward the transformation of the smart tourism industry in South Korea. Results: Post-pandemic measures for Chinese tourists entering South Korea have diversified, encompassing online and offline platforms with corresponding tourism policies. The transformation process towards smart tourism has accelerated. Contribution: This study analyzes the simplification measures for Chinese tourists entering South Korea from individual, government, and platform perspectives. It aims to attract more Chinese tourists and stimulate smart tourism development in South Korea.

Effects of short-term soil tillage management on activity and community structure of denitrifiers under double-cropping rice field

Haiming Tang,Chao Li,Kaikai Cheng,Lihong Shi,Li Wen,Xiaoping Xiao,Yilan Xu,Weiyan Li,Ke Wang 한국미생물·생명공학회 2020 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.30 No.11

Soil physical and chemical characteristics, soil potential denitrification rates (PDR), community composition and nirK-, nirS- and nosZ-encoding denitrifiers were studied by using MiSeq sequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and terminal restriction fragment polymorphism (T-RFLP) technologies base on short-term (5-year) tillage field experiment. The experiment included four tillage treatments: conventional tillage with crop residue incorporation (CT), rotary tillage with crop residue incorporation (RT), no-tillage with crop residue retention (NT), and rotary tillage with crop residue removed as control (RTO). The results indicated that soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and NH4 +-N contents were increased with CT, RT and NT treatments. Compared with RTO treatment, the copies number of nirK, nirS and nosZ in paddy soil with CT, RT and NT treatments were significantly increased. The principal coordinate analysis indicated that tillage management and crop residue returning management were the most and the second important factors for the change of denitrifying bacteria community, respectively. Meanwhile, this study indicated that activity and community composition of denitrifiers with CT, RT and NT treatments were increased, compared with RTO treatment. This result showed that nirK, nirS and nosZ-type denitrifiers communities in crop residue applied soil had higher species diversity compared with crop residue removed soil, and denitrifying bacteria community composition were dominated by Gammaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, and Betaproteobacteria. Therefore, it is a beneficial practice to increase soil PDR level, abundance and community composition of nitrogen-functional soil microorganism by combined application of tillage with crop residue management.

Prospects for the application of modern wood construction in China based on SWOT analysis: Towards socially sustainable cities

Junjie Li,Haiming Li KOREA INSTITUTE FOR HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 2023 Journal of Arts and Cultural Studies(ACS) Vol.2 No.2

The "green, harmonious, and sustainable" concept is popular today. The building demand in China is also increasing. The wood is an environmentally friendly building material. The Chinese government has recently started promoting the use of wood frames in the building industry. Purpose: The development of the timber frame construction industry is slow. Due to the late start of wood frame construction, the related industries lack technology and regulations. This study proposes systematic measures for the wood frame construction industry in China. Methods: This research reviews the current developments in the Chinese wood frame construction industry, using questionnaires and data to define its internal and external environment. It uses the SWOT analysis method for analysis. It summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the Chinese wood framing industry's sustainable development at present opportunities and challenges. Results: The article systematically suggests government support and talent cultivation, increasing publicity and science education, improving regulations, and improving standards and supervision systems. Conclusion: The market for wood-frame construction in China is very broad. The development of wood-frame construction will enhance the development of related technologies and policies. It is an important step in the sustainable development of the Chinese construction industry.

Electrochemical DNA detection using Hoechst dyes in microfluidic chips

Haiming Zhao,Zhiqiang Li,이내윤,김종성,이은철 한국물리학회 2012 Current Applied Physics Vol.12 No.6

We fabricate microfluidic DNA sensors based on the electrochemical method that uses Hoechst 33258[20-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-2,50-bi(1H-benzimidazole)] as a DNA intercalator. These chips are fabricated without a probe immobilization process, thereby being more simply regenerated than other typical DNA chips. Linear sweep voltammetric measurements show an anodic-current decrease consistent with the DNA duplex formation which occurs when the target is fully complementary to the probe, enabling sequence-specific DNA detection. We fabricate microfluidic DNA sensors based on the electrochemical method that uses Hoechst 33258[20-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-2,50-bi(1H-benzimidazole)] as a DNA intercalator. These chips are fabricated without a probe immobilization process, thereby being more simply regenerated than other typical DNA chips. Linear sweep voltammetric measurements show an anodic-current decrease consistent with the DNA duplex formation which occurs when the target is fully complementary to the probe, enabling sequence-specific DNA detection.

The Role of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) in Asthmatic Airway Remodeling

Li Ruyi,Wang Feiyun,Wei Jianghong,Lin Yun,Tang Guofang,Rao Lizong,Ma Libing,Xu Qing,Wu Jingjie,Lv Qian,Zhou Rui,Lei Huiren,Zhao Xueqiang,Yao Dong,Xiao Bo,Huang Haiming,Zhang Jiange,Mo Biwen 대한천식알레르기학회 2021 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.13 No.1

Purpose: Recent studies have demonstrated that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is of importance in asthmatic inflammation. The role of MIF in modulating airway remodeling has not yet been thoroughly elucidated to date. In the present study, we hypothesized that MIF promoted airway remodeling by intensifying airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) autophagy and explored the specific mechanisms. Methods: MIF knockdown in the lung tissues of C57BL/6 mice was conducted by instilling intratracheally adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors (MIF-mutant AAV9) into mouse lung tissues. Mice genetically deficient in the autophagy marker ATG5 (ATG5+/−) was used to detect the role of autophagy in ovalbumin (OVA)-asthmatic murine models. Moreover, to block the expression of MIF and CD74 in vitro models, inhibitors, antibodies and lentivirus transfection techniques were employed. Results: First, MIF knockdown in the lung tissues of mice showed markedly reduced airway remodeling in OVA murine mice models. Secondly, ASMC autophagy was increased in the OVA-challenged models. Mice genetically deficient in the autophagy marker ATG5 (ATG5+/−) that were primed and challenged with OVA showed lower airway remodeling than genetically wild-type asthmatic mice. Thirdly, MIF can induce ASMC autophagy in vitro. Moreover, the cellular source of MIF which promoted ASMC autophagy was macrophages. Finally, MIF promoted ASMC autophagy in a CD74-dependent manner. Conclusions: MIF can increase asthmatic airway remodeling by enhancing ASMC autophagy. Macrophage-derived MIF can promote ASMC autophagy by targeting CD74.

Effects of dietary fiber levels on cecal microbiota composition in geese

Li, Yanpin,Yang, Haiming,Xu, Lei,Wang, Zhiyue,Zhao, Yue,Chen, Xiaoshuai Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.8

Objective: This study shows the effects of dietary fiber levels on cecal microbiota composition in geese at day 70 according to pyrosequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Methods: A total of 468 1-day-old healthy male Yangzhou goslings with similar body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 26 geese per replicate. Geese were fed diets with fiber levels of 2.5% (low fiber level diet, Group I) and 6.1% (Group III) during days 1-70, respectively, or 4.3% for days 1-28 and 6.1% for days 29-70 (Group II). Results: Low fiber level diet decreased body weight, average daily gain during, increased lower feed conversation rate of geese during day 1 to 70 (p<0.05). Low fiber level diet decreased the total operational taxonomic units, Chao1 index and Shannon index, whereas increased the Simpson index of cecal microbiota in geese at day 70. Low fiber level diet decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Bacteroides, and Paraprevotella in cecum of geese at day 70. The similarity of cecal microbiota between low fiber level diet group and other groups was smaller. Conclusion: This study indicates that the low fiber level diet decreased diversity of microbiota, and relative abundance of some beneficial microbiota in cecum of geese at day 70, implying that the low fiber level diet has negative influence on performance by altering the diversity and population of cecal microbiota in geese.

Moment-rotation relationship of hollow-section beam-to-column steel joints with extended end-plates

Jia Wang,Haiming Zhu,Brian Uy,Vipulkumar Patel,Farhad Aslani,Dongxu Li 국제구조공학회 2018 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.29 No.6

This paper presents the flexural performance of steel beam-to-column joints composed of hollow structural section beams and columns. A finite element (FE) model was developed incorporating geometrical and material nonlinearities to evaluate the behaviour of joints subjected to bending moments. The numerical outcomes were validated with experimental results and compared with EN1993-1-8. The demountability of the structure was discussed based on the tested specimen. A parametric analysis was carried out to investigate the effects of steel yield strength, end-plate thickness, beam thickness, column wall thickness, bolt diameter, number of bolts and location. Consequently, an analytical model was derived based on the component method to predict the moment-rotation relationships for the sub-assemblies with extended end-plates. The accuracy of the proposed model was calibrated by the experimental and numerical results. It is found that the FE model is fairly reliable to predict the initial stiffness and moment capacity of the joints, while EN1993-1-8 overestimates the initial stiffness extensively. The beam-to-column joints are shown to be demountable and reusable with a moment up to 53% of the ultimate moment capacity. The end-plate thickness and column wall thickness have a significant influence on the joint behaviour, and the layout of double bolt-rows in tension is recommended for joints with extended end-plates. The derived analytical model is capable of predicting the moment-rotation relationship of the structure.