Association of Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 Expression with Extra-gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Metastasis

Wang, Chao,Ma, Hong-Xi,Jin, Mei-Shan,Zou, Ya-Bin,Teng, Yong-Liang,Tian, Zhuang,Wang, Hai-Ying,Wang, Yin-Ping,Duan, Xiu-Mei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.10

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 are important proteases involved in invasion and metastasis of various tumors. Extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGISTs) are rare neoplasms. This study was performed to assess MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in EGIST tissue samples for association with clinicopathological data from the patients. Twenty-one surgical EGIST tissue specimens were collected for analysis of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression using immunohistochemistry. MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins were expressed in all of the epithelial cell types of EGISTs, whereas they were only expressed in 75% of the spindle cell type, although there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05). Expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins was associated with tumor size, mitotic rate, tumor necrosis, and distant metastasis (p<0.05). MMP-2 expression was linked with MMP-9 levels (p<0.05). However, there was no correlation between MMP-9 expression and age, sex, primary site, or cell morphology in any of these 21 EGIST patients (p>0.05). Moreover, expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins increased with the degree of EGIST risk. This study provided evidence of an association of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression with advanced EGIST behavior.

Evaluation of reference genes for miRNA expression analysis in Galeruca daurica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) using qRT‐PCR

Hai-Chao WANG,Ling LI,Yan-Yan LI,Yao TAN,Bao-Ping PANG 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.8

The selection of suitable reference genes (RGs) for data normalization is a crucial step for obtaining reliable results from gene expression analysis using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Expression stability of eleven putative RGs (miR-100-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-998-3p, miR-279d-3p, miR-305-5p, miR-276a-3p, miR-275-3p, miR-9a-5p, miR-2a-3p, U6 snRNA and 5S rRNA) was assessed by using a web-based tool: RefFinder, which integrates four algorithms (Delta Ct, geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper), and the best combination number of RGs was calculated by geNorm. Validation of selected RGs was performed by an expression analysis of let-7-5p under different experimental conditions. The best combinations of RGs were shown as follows: miR-100-5p + miR-275-3p for temperature treatment, miR-100-5p + miR-305-5p for adult tissues, miR- 276a-3p + miR-9a-5p for genders, miR-2a-3p + miR-276a-3p for days after eclosion, U6 snRNA + miR-9a-5p + miR-2a-3p for developmental stages, and U6 snRNA + miR-279d-3p for all above conditions, and there was no one RG suitable for all experimental conditions. Incorrect RG selection affected the evaluation of let-7-5p abundance. Our findings demonstrate that an integrated approach of multiple algorithms is necessary to identify reliable, stable RGs for miRNA evaluation, and provide a basis for further studies on expression and function analysis of miRNAs and their target genes in Galeruca daurica, a new pest with great outbreaks in Inner Mongolia since 2009.

Analysis and Compare for Control Charts Under the Changed Alarm Rule

( Hai Yu Wang ),( Ji Chao Xu ),( Young H. Park ) 한국품질경영학회 2003 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.4 No.2

This paper mainly studies to build control charts under different alarm rule. For different alarm rule, the control limit parameters of a control chart should be changed, then some kinds of control schemes under different alarm rule were compared and the methods of calculating ARL for different control schemes were given.

Characterization of the Methylation Status of Pax7 and Myogenic Regulator Factors in Cell Myogenic Differentiation

Chao, Zhe,Zheng, Xin-Li,Sun, Rui-Ping,Liu, Hai-Long,Huang, Li-Li,Cao, Zong-Xi,Deng, Chang-Yan,Wang, Feng Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.7

Epigenetic processes in the development of skeletal muscle have been appreciated for over a decade. DNA methylation is a major epigenetic modification important for regulating gene expression and suppressing spurious transcription. Up to now, the importance of epigenetic marks in the regulation of Pax7 and myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) expression is far less explored. In the present study, semi-quantitative the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analyses showed MyoD and Myf5 were expressed in activated and quiescent C2C12 cells. MyoG was expressed in a later stage of myogenesis. Pax7 was weakly expressed in differentiated C2C12 cells. To further understand the regulation of expression of these genes, the DNA methylation status of Pax7, MyoD, and Myf5 was determined by bisulfite sequencing PCR. During the C2C12 myoblasts fusion process, the changes of promoter and exon 1 methylation of Pax7, MyoD, and Myf5 genes were observed. In addition, an inverse relationship of low methylation and high expression was found. These results suggest that DNA methylation may be an important mechanism regulating Pax7 and MRFs transcription in cell myogenic differentiation.

Molecular Cloning and Bioinformatic Analysis of SPATA4 Gene

Chao Ai,Zhao Wang,Shang-feng Liu,Zhong-qi Ge,Hai-luo Liu,Bo-wen Liu,Shan He 한국생화학분자생물학회 2005 BMB Reports Vol.38 No.6

Mechanical and Rheological Properties of Isotactic Polypropylene/Bacterial Cellulose Composites

Bo Wang,Hai-Rong Zhang,Chao Huang,Lian Xiong,Jun Luo,Xin-De Chen 한국고분자학회 2017 폴리머 Vol.41 No.3

To improve the mechanical performance of isotactic polypropylene (iPP), the iPP/bacterial cellulose (BC) composites were prepared. The tensile and impact strength of the composites were maximized (38.21MPa and 2.812 KJ/m²) when maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) content was 7 wt%, the tensile modulus was increased with the higher MAPP content and the maximum value was 1858.39 MPa. Compared with pure iPP, the tensile strength, impact strength and tensile modulus increased by 6.32 MPa, 0.75 KJ/m², and 279.68 MPa, respectively. Compared with the control group (the sample which added BC but no MAPP added), the tensile strength, impact strength and tensile modulus increased by 5.61 MPa, 0.692 KJ/m², and 11.24 MPa, respectively. Moreover, the elongation at break of the composites was decreased. Besides, the rheological results and SEM photographs indicated that with the addition of MAPP, the compatibility of the composites was improved greatly, which demonstrated the increase of the mechanical properties of the composites.

Investigation into performance enhancements of Li–S batteries via oxygen-containing functional groups on activated multi-walled carbon nanotubes using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Yu Hai Wang,Zhe Dai,Chao Yue Zhang,Guo Wen Sun,Zhong Wei Lu,Xiu Ping Gao,Geng Zhi Sun,Wei Lan,Zhen Xing Zhang,Xiao Jun Pan,Jin Yuan Zhou 한국물리학회 2020 Current Applied Physics Vol.20 No.9

It was demonstrated that the electrochemical performance enhancements in KOH-activated carbon materials should be mainly due to the created polar oxygen-containing functional groups (OFGs, such as such as C–O, C–– O, –OH, and O–C–– O), while the role of each OFGs on the electrochemical enhancements is still unclear. In this work, KOH activation treatments were systematically conducted on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to explore the role of each OFG on the performance enhancements of Li–S batteries (LSBs). Results showed that the capacity of activated-CNT-sulfur (a-CNT-S) cathodes is 33% higher than that of the pristine CNT-S cathodes, and their rate capability and cycling stability are also enhanced. And the electrochemical analysis combining with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that the formed C–O bonds are the real factor for the enhanced electrochemical performances of a-CNT-S cathodes. Furthermore, the optimal activation conditions on CNTbased cathodes for LSBs were optimized to be 10 min at 700 ℃.

Ubi-PowerMeter: A Novel Paradigm to Reduce Energy Consumption

Yi-chao Jin,Ru-chuan Wang,Hai-ping Huang,Li-juan Sun 보안공학연구지원센터 2010 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.4 No.2

사용자 경험 평가 분석에 의한 오락게임 앱의 인터랙션 디자인 연구 - 중국 무형 문화유산 앱을 중심으로 -

왕초위 ( Wang Chao Yi ),이해만 ( Lee Hai Man ) 한국상품문화디자인학회 2024 상품문화디자인학연구 Vol.77 No.0

중국 정부의 전통 문화유산 발전 지원 정책과 문화에 대한 사람들의 관심이 높아지면서 중국 무형 문화유산에 대한 앱의 디자인과 개발이 급증하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 중국의 무형 문화유산 앱을 대상으로 사용자 경험과 인터랙션 디자인을 평가하고, 사용자 유지율을 높이는 전략을 탐구하는 것이 목적이었다. 사용자 경험 계층 구조, 평가 요소, 인터랙션 디자인의 연구 모델을 구축하여 3개의 무형유산 게임 앱을 선정하고, Z세대를 중심으로 사전 조사와 본 설문조사를 통하여 IPA 매트릭스 분석 방법으로 연구 결과를 도출하였다. 그 결과 ‘그림자극 경극 쇠린낭’ 앱은 아이콘과 레이아웃 디자인에 대한 만족도가 낮지만, 다른 두 앱은 인터페이스의 사용자 경험이 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다. ‘목조 공예’ 앱은 작업 경험 측면에서 높은 만족도로 나타났으나, 나머지 앱은 도전 수준과 게임 모드가 균일화되어 사용자 경험이 좋지 않았다. 단일 방식의 인터랙션 작동 방식과 부정적인 소셜 상호 작용 메커니즘으로 인해 행위 경험 측면에서 세 앱의 평균 만족도가 낮게 나타났다. 생활 경험 측면에서는 세 앱의 만족도와 사용자의 기대치 사이에는 큰 격차가 있었다. 인터랙션 디자인의 엔터테인먼트 기능 개선과 개인화된 커스터마이징 기능 강화에 초점을 맞춰 사용자의 엔터테인먼트 생활 경험을 효과적으로 향상할 수 있다. 본 연구는 무형유산 게임 앱의 사용자 경험 개선을 위한 효과적인 방법을 제시하여 무형 문화유산의 보급과 발전에 기여함으로써 중요한 의미를 지닌다. As the Chinese government supports the inheritance and development of traditional culture and people pay more attention to culture, the design and development of China’s intangible cultural heritage apps are endless, but most of them have poor user experience. In order to improve the user experience of intangible cultural heritage App and improve the user retention rate, this paper sorted out the relevant theories of user experience and interaction design, summarized the user experience level, evaluation elements and the research dimension of interaction design, and established a research model. Three intangible cultural heritage game apps were selected, research questions were raised according to the research model, and a questionnaire was formed with reference to the previous research. Through IPA matrix analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of the survey results can be seen directly. The results show that the satisfaction of the icon and layout design of the App “Piying Jingju Suolinnang” is low, and the satisfaction of the interface experience of the other two apps is better, achieving a better user experience; In terms of task experience, the “Jiangmu” App obtained a high degree of satisfaction, while the other two apps had poor user experience due to the uniformity of game challenge level and game mode. The single interaction mode and negative social interaction mechanism lead to the average satisfaction value of the three apps in terms of behavioral experience; There is a large gap between the satisfaction of the three apps in terms of life experience and the user’s expectations. The improvement of entertainment functions and the addition of personalized customization functions in interactive design will effectively improve the user’s entertainment life experience. This study proposes an effective method to improve the user experience of intangible cultural heritage game applications, which is of great significance to the popularization and development of intangible cultural heritage.

Isolation of Cellulose from Wheat Straw and Its Utilization for the Preparation of Carboxymethyl Cellulose

Hailong Li,Hai-Rong Zhang,Lian Xiong,Xuefang Chen,Can Wang,Chao Huang,Xin-De Chen 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.5

Cellulose was isolated from wheat straw by the combined pretreatment including dilute acid hydrolysis, ethanolextraction, and alkaline H2O2 delignification. The effects of varying the parameters on carboxymethylation on isolatedcellulose were investigated. Furthermore, the chemical structure of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) prepared from wheatstraw was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopeanalysis. The isolated cellulose is mainly composed of cellulose without hemicellulose and with minors of lignin and ash. The optimal conditions for carboxymethylation were base concentration, 20 %; reaction temperature, 70 oC; reaction time,2 h; mass ratio of etherifying agent to cellulose, 1.75. Under the optimized conditions, CMC with high degree of substitution(0.88) and low viscosity (18 mPa·s) was synthesized. Chemical structural characterization showed the feasibility of thepreparation of CMC from wheat straw. The constituents of wheat straw would be maximally utilized by the proposed method.