논문 : 아유르베다(Ayurveda)의 과학적 근거에 대한 고찰

김해남 ( Hae Nam Kim ) 국제통합대체의학협회 2005 국제통합대체의학회지 Vol.1 No.2

Ayurveda, the traditional natural healing system of India, is quickly gainig popularity in the Western world. Ayurveda has a many thousand year-old clinical tradition and a comprehensive natural method of treatment from diet, herbs, and massage to life-style counseling and meditation. The world "Ayurveda" is composed of two Sanskrit terms, ``ayus`` meaning ``life`` and ``veda`` meaning the ``knowledge`` and taken together, it means the ``Science of Life``. Contrary to the present trend of specialisation for the treatment of diseases in different parts of the body in isolation, Ayurveda belives in the functional unity of the body as a whole. There are two objects of Ayurveda - one preservation of health in the healthy and the other, cure of illness in the diseased. Equilibrium of psycho - somatic elements is health and dis - equilibrium is disease. Ether, air, fire, water and earth are the five elements having lightness. roughness, hotness, coldness and heaviness as specitic qualities respectively. When parna enters into the material body, the three doshas-vata, pitta and kapha emerge to take up the physiological function vata consists of air and ether. pitta of fire and kapha of water in combination with earth. Because the disharmony of menatal dosha and body doshas are major cause of illness the goal of illness manegement in Ayurveda is to bring back harmony among the doshas. Ayurvedic therapy includes clinical examination diagnosis and dietary and lifestyle, excercise, massage and treatment. There are massage-, oil-, formentation- and cleansing therapy in Ayurvedic system. Massage has a greater use than these two areas, yet massage is extermly important in lifestyle treatments and in preparing for pancha karma. The treatment consists of cleansing therapy(pancha karma), palliation(improve digestion, remove toxic waste, fasting, observe thirst, exercise, sunbathing and meditation), mental numuring and spiritual healing depending on the disturbed doshas and the patients constitution. This review suggests a great potential for integration of Ayurvedic therpies into the health care system in the korea.

연구논문 : 에센셜 오일의 항균효과 관한 연구

김해남 ( Hae Nam Kim ),김봉남 ( Bong Nam Kim ) 한국미용학회 2003 한국미용학회지 Vol.9 No.2

원심형 수직펌퍼의 흡입성능 향상 연구

정경남(Kyung-Nam Chung),박종후(Jong-Hwoo Park),김용균(Yong-Kyun Kim),김해천(Hae-Cheon Kim) 대한기계학회 2009 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2009 No.5

In this paper, a study of performance improvement for a centrifugal vertical pump having specific speed of 330 is introduced. The existing model has high efficiency but needs better NPSH required performance. Such that new pump model is designed to obtain larger suction specific speed. 6 design parameters considered to affect pump performance are selected for impeller design. Key design parameters are investigated using by design of experiments and CFD, and impeller inlet diameter is increased to get better suction performance, Pump efficiency and NPSH required value are analyzed by using CFD. The results show that new design model has higher efficiency and better NPSH required performance.

손바닥선인장 줄기 methanol 추출물의 항균활성

김해남,권도훈,김해윤,전홍기,Kim Hae-Nam,Kwon Do-Hoon,Kim Hae-Yun,Jun Hong-Ki 한국생명과학회 2005 생명과학회지 Vol.15 No.2

손바닥선인장 추출물은 한의학에서 항염증 작용, 화상, 부종, 소화 불량 등 몇 가지의 생리학적 기능이 확인되었다. 본 연구에서는 손바닥선인장 줄기를 메탄올을 이용하여 추출한 후 그 추출물을 이용하여 항균활성을 확인한 결과 병원균 등 일반 세균에서 항균활성을 확인하였다. 특히, 약제내성균 및 혐기성 균인 여드름 원인균 뿐만 아니라 효모, 곰팡이 등 진균류에서도 항균활성을 나타내어 넓은 항균 스펙트럼을 가지고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 열 처리, 저장온도 및 저장기간이 항균활성에 영향을 미치지 않았으므로 온도 및 기간에 안정함을 확인할 수 있었고, 식품 보존제로서의 가능성 확인 시험에서도 기존의 식품 보존제보다 안전성이 있는 항균활성 물질로 평가되었다. The Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten Makino (Cactus) is a tropical or subtropical plant, which is cultivated or grows naturally in Jeju island. It has been widely used as folk medicine for burned wound, edema and indigestion. In addition, its extract has been claimed to have several biological activities including anti-inflammation in oriental medicine. In this study, we examined the antimicrobial activities of the methanol extract of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten Makino. The extract showed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria, including antibiotics resistant bacteria (MRSA, R-P. aeruginosa, VRE) and Propionibacterium acnes, yeast, and fungi. The extract retained the activity after heat treatment for 15 min at $100^{\circ}C$ and $121^{\circ}C$ and after extended storage, up to 10 weeks storage period at $4^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$, also stably retained its activity. It showed a better inhibitoring effect to the growth of E. coli than sodium benzoate did it at the same concentration. Addition of various salts or metal ions did not affect on its antimicrobial activity. Therefore, the antimicrobial characteristics of the extract can be applicable as a natural preservative and an antimicrobial agent for bacterial disease.

MBT-01108 물질에 의한 일반 소독제 및 항생물질 내성균주의 생육억제

김해남,박진영,김삼웅,전홍기,Kim, Hae-Nam,Park, Jin-Young,Kim, Sam-Woong,Jun, Hong-Ki 한국생명과학회 2007 생명과학회지 Vol.17 No.9

시중에서 사용되고 있는 일반 소독제를 대상으로 하여 병원 미생물의 내성 빈도를 검토한 결과는 약 30%였다. 그 중에서 푸드세프 (산화제 중 할로겐 계 소독약)와 동인테고 (양성 계면 활성제) 및 Iodo 175 (양성 계면 활성제)는 병원 미생물에 대해 낮은 감수성을 나타냈었을 뿐 아니라, 시험에 사용된 다른 소독제에 비하여 높은 내성 빈도를 나타내었다. 소독제 내성 균주를 사용해서 항생제 내성을 MIC test와 paper disc 방법으로 확인한 결과 30%의 내성 빈도를 나타내었다. 다른 항생제에 비해 aminoglycoside 계의 항생제인 gentamycin, kanamycin, streptomycin에서 높은 내성 빈도를 나타냄을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구실에서 제주도 손바닥 선인장으로부터 추출${\cdot}$분획한 MBT-01108 물질을 소독제와 항생제에 내성을 획득한 내성균에 상용했을 경우 내성이 생기지 않을 뿐 아니라, 내성균이 자라지 못하였다. 또한 현재 문제시되고 있는 다제 내성균인 MRSA, R-Pseudomonas aeruginosa, VRE, E. coli O157에 사용했을 경우에도 마찬가지의 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 이상에서 살펴 본 바와 같이 손바닥 선인장에서 추출 ${\cdot}$ 분획한 MBT-01108 물질은 기존의 항생제와는 다른 기작으로 작용을 할 것으로 생각되고, 신규 항균 활성 물질의 약제 개발에 그 유용성이 매우 클 것으로 기대되며 여러 가지 항균성 생활 제품의 개발에도 유용할 것으로 기대된다. The 30% resistant frequencies of pathogenic bacteria were identified against generally utilizing disinfectants. Among the used disinfectants, foodsef, Taego, and Iodo 175 were dictated by lower sensitivities against pathogenic bacteria, as well as higher resistant frequencies when compared with other disinfectants. The resistant frequencies against antibiotics were also dictated by 30% through MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) and paper disc methods. Especially, the used bacteria exhibited resistances against gentamycin, kanamycin, and streptomycin, which included in all aminoglycoside group. The MBT-01108 material, which extracted and purified from a powder obtained by processing of Opunita ficus-indica var. saboten Makino trunk, did not develop or grow resistant bacteria. Interestingly, the multi-drug resistant bacteria such as MRSA, resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, VRE, and E. coli 0157 did not resistant against MBT-01108 material. These results suggest that MBT-01108 material uses as an anti-microbial agent.

산업용 수직펌프의 흡입성능 향상 연구

정경남(Kyung-Nam Chung),박종후(Jong-Hwoo Park),김용균(Yong-Kyun Kim),김해천(Hae-Cheon Kim) 대한기계학회 2009 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.33 No.11

In this paper, a study of performance improvement for a centrifugal vertical pump having specific speed of 330 is introduced. The existing model has high efficiency but needs better NPSH required performance. Such that new pump model is designed to obtain larger suction specific speed. 6 design parameters considered to affect pump performance are selected for impeller design. Key design parameters are investigated using by design of experiments and CFD, and impeller inlet diameter is increased to get better suction performance. The amount of inlet diameter increase is determined by using cavitation analysis. The results show that new design model has higher efficiency and better NPSH required performance than the existing model.

원유비축기지용 유중펌프의 형상설계

정경남(Kyung-Nam Chung),김진영(Jin-Young Kim),박종후(Jong-Hwoo Park),김용균(Yong-Kyun Kim),김해천(Hae-Cheon Kim) 대한기계학회 2010 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2010 No.11

This study deals with hydraulic design of a submergible pump which is installed near the bottom of Ulsan oil stockpiling site. It is used to unload crude oil to a tanker and is run by a 2,800 ㎾ electric motor. This pump has the largest size in the world so far and is a vertical pump with diffuser. Pump design has been carried out by using the analyzed results obtained from the numerical calculations for the effects of several design parameters such as impeller diameter, exit breadth, impeller leading-edge profile, diffuser inlet blade angle, etc. Pump efficiency has been improved by getting rid of flow separation which is generated on the impeller blade due to high pump head and limitation of pump size. NPSH required performance has been improved by applying the above mentioned numerical studies. It has been confirmed from full-scale tests that the pump design is performed satisfactorily.

피부에서 분리한 Staphylococcus aureus JJ-11이 생산하는 collagenase의 정제 및 특성

이진경,김해남,강호영,전홍기,Lee Jin-Kyoung,Kim Hae-Nam,Kang Ho-Young,Jun Hong-Ki 한국생명과학회 2006 생명과학회지 Vol.16 No.2

피부 트러블을 가진 남,여 40명의 피부에서 분리한 collagenase를 생산하는 균주를 분리, 동정한 결과 Staphylococcus aureus로 판명되었으며 이를 S. aureus JJ-11이라 명명하였다. S. aurells JJ-11 균주의 collagenase의 최적 생산 조건은 1.5%(w/v) gelatin, 1%(w/v) yeast extract, 0.4% (w/v) $K_2HPO_4$, 0.005%(w/v) $NiSO_4{\cdot}6H_2O$를 함유한 배지 (pH 7.0)에서 $37^{\circ}C$, 200 rpm으로 18시간 동안 배양하는 것이다. 분리 균주가 생산하는 collagenase를 정제하기 위해서 amberlite IRA-900과 sephacryl S-300 HR columns를 이용하였고, 6.66-folds로 정제되었다. S. allreus JJ-11 균주가 생산하는 collagenase를 정제한 결과 분자량은 약 62 kDa이었으며, pH 7.0과 $37^{\circ}C$에서 각각 최대의 활성을 가졌고, pH와 온도에 대한 안정성은 pH 4.0-8.0, $40^{\circ}C$까지 100%의 활성이 있었다. 금속이온에 대해서는 $Fe^{2+},\;Co^{2+},\;Ba^{2+}$ 존재 하에서는 5 mM 농도에서도 활성을 유지하였다. $Sr^{2+},\;Hg^{2+}$에서는 30% 이상이 저해를 받는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 EDTA와 O-phenanthroline에 의해 65% 이상이 저해되는 일 반적인 collagenase의 특정인 metalloproteinase의 특정을 보였으며, 그리고, 여러 가지 기절에 대해 효소활성을 비교한 결과, insoluble collagen (type I)에 대해 효소 활성이 가장 높았다. A bacterial strain, identified as Staphylococcus aureus JJ-11, producing collagenase was isolated out of 40 persons having skin troubles. S. aureus JJ-11 produced collagenase optimally in the media containing 1.5%(w/v) gelatin, 1%(w/v) yeast extract, 0.4%(w/v) $K_2HPO_4$, 0.005%(w/v) $NiSO_4{\cdot}6H_2O$ at $37^{\circ}C$ for 18 hrs. The collagenase produced by Staphylococcus aureus JJ-11 was purified at 6.66-folds purity through application of chromatography with Amberlite IRA-900 and Sephacryl S-300 HR columns. The molecular weight of the partially purified enzyme was estimated to be 62 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The protein exhibited optimum enzymatic activity at pH 7.0, and showed a stable activity at pH 4-8. The optimum temperature for collagenase was at $37^{\circ}C$, and activity was maintained upto $40^{\circ}C$. The enzyme activity was slightly elevated in the presence of divalents such as, $Fe^{2+},\;Co^{2+}\;and\;Ba^{2+}$ However, the activity was inhibited in the presence of $Sr^{2+}\;or\;Hg^{2+}$. The inhibition of activity by O-phenanthroline and EDTA suggested that the enzyme may contain metal which is required for activity. The enzyme showed the highest activity when insoluble collagen (type I) was, used as a substrate.

Paenibacillus sp. JB-13 Cyclodextrin Glucanotransferase 유전자의 E. coli 에서의 발현 및 최적 생산

김해윤,이상현,김해남,민복기,백형석,전홍기,Kim, Hae-Yun,Lee, Sang-Hyeon,Kim, Hae-Nam,Min, Bok-Kee,Baik, Hyung-Suk,Jun, Hong-Ki 한국미생물학회 2008 미생물학회지 Vol.44 No.1

L-ascorbic acid (AA)의 2번 위치의 수산기에 부위 특이적 활성을 갖는 Paenibacillus sp. JB-13 유래의 cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase, EC 2.4.1.19) 유전자(cgt gene)를 pEXP7 발현 vector에 클로닝하여 재조합 균주를 구축하였다. 재조합 균주의 CGTase생산 최적 조건을 검토하여 본 결과 LB 배지에 0.5% glucose, 3.0% polypeptone, 0.3% $K_2HPO_4$, 0.5% NaCl이 되도록 추가하고, 초기 pH 7.0, 접종량 2%, 통기량 0.1 vvm, 배양 온도 $37^{\circ}C$, 배양 시간 14시간의 조건에서 최대 활성을 나타내었다. 재조합 균주와 기존 균주의 CGTase 활성을 비교한 결과 재조합 균주는 배양 14시간째 640 units/ml의 활성을 가져 기존 균주에 비해 70%의 활성을 나타내지만 배양 시간을 1/4로 단축시킬 수 있다는 이점이 있음을 확인하였다. 재조합 균주가 생산한 CGTase를AA-2G합성에 적용하여 AA-2G를 합성하고 HPLC로 분석한 결과 단일 peak를 확인할 수 있었고 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase를 처리하여 확인한 결과 AA와 glucose로 분리됨을 확인할 수 있었다. The purpose of this study is to clone cgt gene from Paenibacillus sp. JB-13 and to overexpress the protein in E. coli. For this purpose, the cgt gene was amplified from Paenibacillus sp. JB-13 genomic DNA by PCR using degenerate oligonucleotide primers. The sequence analysis results showed that the cgt gene from Paenibacillus sp. JB-13 has 98% homology with the cgt gene of Bacillus sp. To overexpress the protein, the cgt gene was cloned into pEXP7 expression vector and transformed into E. coli. The production of CGTase by recombinant E. coli was optimized under following conditions: 0.5% glucose, 3.0% polypeptone, 0.3% $K_2HPO_4$, 0.5% NaCl, and 7.0 of initial pH, 2.0% of inoculum, $37^{\circ}C$ of culture temperature for 14 hr. And the optimal agitation was found at 0.1 vvm. The synthesis of 2-O-${\alpha}$-D-Glucopyranosyl L-Ascorbic acid (AA-2G) using the CGTase expressed in E. coli was identified as AA-2G by HPLC and HPLC confirmed that treating AA-2G made by cloned CGTase with ${\alpha}$-glucosidase substantially produced AA and glucose.

아유르베다 테라피가 카파체질의 혈청지질 농도에 미치는 영향

김미숙 ( Mi Suk Kim ),이용환 ( Yong Hwan Lee ),김해남 ( Hae Nam Kim ) 국제통합대체의학협회 2006 국제통합대체의학회지 Vol.2 No.1

With the wave of healthy, well-being lives and well-looking bodies, various obesity treatment measures have been studied and introduced. However, most of them caused physical adverse effects or were too expensive for many people. In order to solve these problems, natural treatment by alternative medicine as well as beauty therapy from aesthetic and medical industry has been considered. In this respect, this study conducted experiments to examine how Ayurveda whole body abyanga massage, one of ayurvedic therapy based massage therapies, influences obesity treatment ayurvedic therapy. The test group used manjishtadi thailam (INDIA, SD Phamracy, Korea Branch) to test the obesity treatment effect of whole body abyanga massage. Skin care students at the Department of Beauty Care in Mann College of Mann, Gyeongnam and trainees in Ayurveda Manager`s Program received 10 whole body abyanga massages three times a week. In result, the teat group saw 2.37±0.83kg weight loss. Their body fat rate significantly reduced by 4.51±0.27%. body fat mesa by 2.71±0.76kg, body mesa Index (BMI) by 1.04±0.62kg/m2, Internal fat mesa by 0.28±0.01mg/㎗, subcutaneoua fat mesa by 1.31±0.08mg/㎗. and abdominal obesity rate by 0.04±0.01%. In serum lipids. total cholesterol (TC) reduced by 10.6±18.26mg/㎗. HDL by 5.40±5.90mg/㎗. TG by 36.10±4.42mg/㎗. and LDL by 2.10±12.06mg/㎗. Triglyceride (TG) reduction was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Overall, thin study concluded that Ayurveda whole body abyanga manage is effective to obesity control.