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Genetic Variability of mtDNA Sequences in Chinese Native Chicken Breeds
Liu, Z.G.,Lei, C.Z.,Luo, J.,Ding, C.,Chen, G.H.,Chang, H.,Wang, K.H.,Liu, X.X.,Zhang, X.Y.,Xiao, X.J.,Wu, S.L. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.7
The variability of mtDNA hypervariable segment I (HVS I) sequences was investigated in a total of 48 birds belonging to 12 Chinese native chicken breeds. Sixteen haplotypes were identified from 35 polymorphic nucleotide sites which accounted for 6.4% of a sequenced 544 bp fragment. Diversity analysis of the haplotypes showed that Tibetan, Langshan and Henan cockfight chicken had only one haplotype, while ancient haplotypes existed in Taihe silky and Chahua chicken. Phylogenetic analysis of the haplotypes suggested that Chinese native chicken breeds shared 5 maternal lineages and some breeds would share the same maternal lineage, regardless of their external features and ecological types. Both divergent and phylogenetic analysis of the haplotypes indicated the close genetic relationships between the Chinese native chicken breeds and G. g. gallus and G. g. spadiceus from different areas, which implied that G. g. gallus and G. g. spadiceus were the original ancestors of the Chinese native chicken breeds.
Lactobacillus helveticus CU 631 에 의한 Helicobacter pylon 의 Urease 및 공포 생성 독소 억제활성
송의한,원병렬,윤영호,강경희,장명웅 한국동물자원과학회 2001 한국축산학회지 Vol.43 No.6
표준균주 혹은 유제품으로부터 분리된 Lactobacillus spp.와 Bifidobacterium spp. 32균주를 사용하여 H. pylori 생장을 현저하게 억제하는 L. helveticus CU631을 선발하고, urease와 공포생성 독소의 활성을 억제하는 효과를 측정하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. L. helveticus CU631의 억제대의 직경이 10.0±1.5㎜ 나타내어 가장 강력한 생장 억제 능력을 보였으며 L. plantarum과 L. fermentum은 직경 4.0㎜ 내외의 억제대를 나타내어 비교적 약한 억제 활성을 보였으며 Bifidobacterium spp.에서 억제 활성을 보이지 않았다. L. helveticus CU631의 배양액과 배양 상층액 모두, H. pylori NCTC11637의 urese 억제 활성을 나타내었다. L. helveticus CU631를 H. pylori G88016를 같이 배양했을시 공포생성 독소의 역가가 50%로 감소하였으며 L. helvesticus CU631의 배양 상층액과 H. pylori G88016의 배양 상층액을 5:5와 6:4 비율로 혼합하였을 때 억제 활성이 나타났다. The inhibitory effects of 32 strains of lactobacilli against Helicobacter. pylori were determined and Lactobacillus. helveticus CU631 has been selected as the strain which possessed the strongest inhibitory effect against H. pylori NCTC11637 in inhibition zone test showing inhibition zone with the average diameter of 10±1.5㎜, whereas Lactobacillus. plantarum and L. fermentum made inhibition zone with the average diameter of 4.0㎜, H. pylori G88016 revealed the highest vacuolating toxin activity among the 8 strains of H. pylori, which showed positive reaction of vacuolating toxin gene in PCR amplification test. Both L. helveticus CU631 and cell free culture supernatant had a strong inhibitory activity on the urease activity of H. pylori NCTC11637. The inhibitory activity of L. helveticus CU631 on the vacuolating toxin activity of H. pylori manifested in the co-culture of two strains and in the 5:5 mixture of supernatant of the two strains.
Nguyen, T.H.,Than, V.T.,Thanh, H.D.,Nguyen, V.Q.,Nguyen, K.H.,Nguyen, D.T.,Park, J.H.,Chung, I.S.,Jeong, D.G.,Chang, K.T.,Oh, T.K.,Kim, W. Pergamon Press 2015 Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectiou Vol.42 No.-
In Vietnam, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), such as that caused by H5N1 viruses, is the most highly contagious infectious disease that has been affecting domestic poultry in recent years. Vietnam might be an evolutionary hotspot and a potential source of globally pandemic strains. However, few studies have reported viruses circulating in the south-central region of Vietnam. In the present study, 47 H5N1-positive samples were collected from both vaccinated and unvaccinated poultry farms in the South Central Coast region of Vietnam during 2013-2014, and their genetic diversity was analyzed. A common sequence motif for HPAI virus was identified at HA-cleavage sites in all samples: either RERRRKR/G (clades 2.3.2.1c and 2.3.2.1a) or REGRRKKR/G (clade 1.1.2). Phylogenetic analysis of HA genes identified three clades of HPAI H5N1: 1.1.2 (n=1), 2.3.2.1a (n=1), and 2.3.2.1c (n=45). The phylogenetic analysis indicated that these Vietnamese clades may have evolved from Chinese and Cambodian virus clades isolated in 2012-2013 but are less closely related to the clades detected from the Tyva Republic, Bulgaria, Mongolia, Japan, and Korea in 2009-2011. Detection of the coexistence of virus clades 2.3.2.1 and the very virulent 1.1.2 in the south-central regions suggests their local importance and highlights concerns regarding their spread, both northwards and southwards, as well as the potential for reassortment. The obtained data highlight the importance of regular identification of viral evolution and the development and use of region-specific vaccines.
Lim, A.R.,Moon, H.G.,Chang, J.H. Elsevier Science Publishers [etc.] 2010 Chemical physics Vol.371 No.1
The NMR spectrum, the spin-lattice relaxation time, T<SUB>1</SUB>, and the spin-spin relaxation time, T<SUB>2</SUB>, of NH<SUB>4</SUB>Al(SO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>.12H<SUB>2</SUB>O crystals were studied as a function of temperature; this crystal was found to undergo increasing loss of H<SUB>2</SUB>O with increasing temperature. Two groups of Al resonance lines were observed below T<SUB>d</SUB> (=335K), whereas above T<SUB>d</SUB> the resonance lines of the two groups were reduced to one Al signal. The presence of only one <SUP>27</SUP>Al resonance line T<SUB>d</SUB> is due to the structural phase transition. The changes in the temperature dependences of the T<SUB>1</SUB> and T<SUB>2</SUB> near T<SUB>d</SUB> are related to the loss of H<SUB>2</SUB>O, which probably disrupts the forms of the octahedral of water molecules surrounding Al<SUP>3+</SUP>. In addition, the α-alum NH<SUB>4</SUB>Al(SO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>.12H<SUB>2</SUB>O can be distinguished from the α-alum RbAl(SO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>.12H<SUB>2</SUB>O and the β-alum CsAl(SO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>.12H<SUB>2</SUB>O on the basis of the temperature dependences of T<SUB>1</SUB>.
G.D.Kim,W.Hong,J.K.Kim,H.W.Choi,H.J.Woo,J.H.Chang 한국물리학회 2003 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.42 No.3
The energy distributions and the yields of secondary electrons from a Au target with a clean surface were measured under bombardment with energetic ions such as H+, D+, He+, O2+, and Cl2+5+. A concentric spherical analyzer was manufactured to obtain the secondary electron yield. The retarded eld method was applied to measure the energy spectra of the secondary electrons. The secondary electron yield was founded to depend on the stopping power of the projectile in the target material, the charge states of the projectile particles, and the incident angle of the projectile particles; however, the shapes of energy distributions were found to be similar to for the ions used in this research.
Park, Y.,Jang, S. K.,Park, J. H.,Yang, S. Y.,Chung, H.,Han, Y.,Chang, Y. S.,Choi, I. G.,Yeo, H. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Journal of wood science Vol.63 No.6
<P>The effects of the combined treatment of drying and heat treatment using superheated steam (SHS) were studied relative to the changes of the major chemical components in larch wood. The green lumber was dried and heat-treated in SHS conditions of 250 A degrees C and 0.5 MPa for 18 h, and the relative percentage contents of sugars, lignin, and extractives were investigated and compared with the relative percentage contents in the lumber heat-treated in hot air conditions of 250 A degrees C and atmospheric pressure for 18 h. After both heat treatment methods, the relative percentage contents of xylan, mannan, galactan, and arabinan were greatly decreased, whereas that of the Klason lignin was increased, additionally that of glucan and extractives remained almost unchanged. Lignin may bind with furan compounds decomposed from hemicellulose following heat treatment, thus contributing to the increase in the apparent relative percentage contents of the Klason lignin. In addition, the condensate collected in the condenser after combined drying and heat treatment using SHS was investigated qualitatively and quantitatively by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A large amount of furfural and acetic acid decomposed from hemicellulose was detected and some sugar components composed of cellulose and hemicellulose were detected in the liquid condensate.</P>
Chang, S.,Yang, L.,Moon, Y.M.,Cho, Y.G.,Min, S.Y.,Kim, T.J.,Kim, Y.J.,Patrick, W.,Kim, H.Y.,Mohan, C. Pergamon Press 2009 Molecular immunology Vol.46 No.16
When monoclonal ANAs and non-ANAs generated from a genetically simplified mouse model of lupus, B6.Sle1, were recently compared, the ANAs exhibited three sequence motifs in their immunoglobulin heavy chains, including increased cationicity in CDR3 (''motif A''), reduced anionicity in CDR2 (''motif B'') and increased aspartate at H50 (''motif C''). The present study was designed to elucidate the extent to which these ANA-associated sequence motifs might be hard-wired into the primary B-cell repertoire in lupus. The immunoglobulin heavy chain sequence of total splenic B-cells, follicular B-cells and marginal zone B-cells from B6.Sle1 congenic mice and C57BL/6 controls were amplified by single-cell PCR and compared. Analysis of the primary immunoglobulin heavy chain repertoire indicated that the first two sequence motifs ''A'' and ''B'' were already encoded in the naive repertoire of B6.Sle1<SUP>z</SUP> mice, whereas the third motif ''C'' was introduced in part by somatic mutation. Site-directed mutagenesis confirmed that non-anionic CDR2 and cationic CDR3 residues in the immunoglobulin heavy chain facilitated nuclear antigen binding in concert, whereas aspartate at H50 strongly vetoed DNA-binding, while preserving nucleosome reactivity. Hence, anti-nuclear antibodies appear to arise as a consequence of two distinct processes-genetically programmed selection of specific CDR charge motifs into the primary immunoglobulin repertoire, with secondary contribution from somatic mutation. Polymorphisms in the lupus susceptibility gene Ly108 that impair central B-cell tolerance may be mechanistically responsible for these early repertoire differences in lupus.
Vitamin AD₃및 高壓酸素가 骨折治癒 에 미치는 影響
張京鎭,鄭柄鉉,崔錫和,이홍균 건국대학교 동물자원연구센터 1991 動物資源硏究誌 Vol.16 No.-
This study was designed to compare the therapeutic effects of vitamin AD₃ combination or hyperbaric oxygen for the healing of experimental fracture in rats. The rats were orally administrated with vitamin AD₃combination(0.125mg/kg body weight) or exposured under 2 atmospheres oxygen(50% or 100%) for 21 days. The effect of vitamin AD₃combination and hyperbaric oxygen were evaluated by roentgenographic and histological examination at 5, 10 and 21 days after treatment. 1. Roentgenographically, the initial healing sign of fractured bone was appeared at 21 days after treatment in rats treated orally with vitamin AD₃combination as well as rats exposured to 2 atmospheres oxygen(100%) but at 10days in rats exposured to 2 atmospheres oxygen(50%). 2. Hisologically, primary callus formation was evident at 21 days in rats administrated orally with vitamin AD₃combination. While tissue deficits were completly replaced by fibrous tissue at 5 days followed by change of fibrous cartilage tissues into osteoidal tissues at 21 days in rats exposured to 2 atmospheres oxygen(50%). In rats exposured to 2 atmospheres oxygen(100%), cartilage and osteoidal tissues were appeared and ossification was enhanced from 5 days after treatment.