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이수정의 신앙고백문: 유교적 배경과 요한복음 14-15장
이경원(Lee, Gyeong-Won) 계명대학교 동서신학연구소 2021 동서신학 Vol.4 No.1
Although there are few domestic data on Lee Soo-jeong's life, it can be seen from the circumstances in which he was active in Japan that Lee Soo-jeong was a person with considerable knowledge as a Confucian scholar. Therefore, Lee Soo-jeong looked at Christianity based on Confucianism's "Cheoninmugan" and furthermore, "Cheonamugan," and confessed Jesus' teachings to the truth through Chapters 14-15 of John. The idea of Cheoninmugan is also located in the emotions of Koreans today. What can be considered first through Lee Soo-jeong's Confessionl Essay is that Christianity can be meaningful to people of other religions or ideas. Of course, God, spoken by the Confucian heavenly thought and Bible, is a completely different being. The Confucian sky appears to be a transcendent being, such as the laws of the universe or the logic of nature, sometimes as the ancient Sangje, but it is difficult to find the appearance of Christian God like the creator. However, it can be seen that it is in a structurally similar context. Through Lee Soo-jeong's Confessionl Essay, it can be confirmed that the message of the Bible is not completely different from other religions or ideas. Rather, it is very important in many ways to find meanings corresponding to Christianity in our history and religion. Therefore, it can be shown that Christianity is not an exclusive religion, but can encompass the teachings of all religions and ideas. Furthermore, Christianity today will be able to move forward as a religion of life that can give good influence to non-Christians while essentially retaining the gospel of "cross and resurrection." 이수정의 삶에 대한 국내의 자료들은 거의 없지만 일본에서 활동한 상황들을 통해서 이수정이 상당한 유학자로서의 소양을 가진 사람이었음을 알 수 있다. 그러므로 이수정은 유교의 ‘천인무간’ 그리고 더 나아가 ‘천아무간’ 사상을 바탕으로 기독교를 바라보았고, 요한복음 14-15장을 통해서 예수님의 가르침을 진리로 고백하게 되었다. 이러한 ‘천인무간’ 사상은 오늘날 한국인들의 정서에도 자리잡고 있다. 이수정의 신앙고백문을 통해서 먼저 생각해 볼 수 있는 것은 기독교가 다른 종교나 사상을 가진 사람들에게도 의미있게 다가갈 수 있다는 것이다. 물론 유교의 천(天) 사상과 성경이 말하는 하나님은 엄연히 다른 존재이다.
LEE, HONG YOUL,JEONG, NAE GYEONG,PARK, SE WON The Honam Mathematical Society 2004 호남수학학술지 Vol.26 No.1
In the fuzzy theory, a matrix A is idempotent if $A^2=A$. The idempotent fuzzy matrices are important in various applications and have many interesting properties. Using the upper diagonal completion process, we have the zero patterns of idempotent fuzzy matrix, that is, the idempotent Boolean matrices. In addition, we give the construction of all idempotent fuzzy matrices for each dimension n.
Won, Ga-Yeon,Moon, Bo-Mi,Oh, In-Gyeong,Matsuda, Kiku,Chaudhari, Atul A.,Hur, Jin,Eo, Seong-Kug,Yu, Il-Jeoung,Lee, Young-Ju,Lee, Yun-Sik,Kim, Byeong-Su,Lee, John Hwa Japan Poultry Science Association 2009 Journal of Poultry Science Vol.46 No.3
<P>The colibacillosis caused by avian pathogenic <I>E. coli</I> (APEC) is responsible for a significant loss of productivity and mortality in the poultry industry. The pathogenicity of these bacteria is based on the presence and expression of various virulence factors. In this study, the presence of the 19 virulence-associated genes in APEC was determined using PCR. Among the 118 <I>E. coli</I> isolates from the chickens with colibacillosis, all contained at least one of the 19 genes as approximately 95% of the isolates contained <I>fimC.</I> Interestingly, the <I>clpG</I> gene, which has not been detected in APEC previously, was detected in half of the isolates. The ColV plasmid-associated genes such as <I>colV, tsh, iucC, iucD and iss</I> genes were also detected in 57.6, 55.9, 50.0, 47.5, 47.5 and 41.5% of isolates, respectively. With regard to the fimbrial genes, the <I>papA</I> (14.4%), papC (14.4%) and <I>papG</I> genes (15.2%) were identified at relatively low rates, none of the isolates harbored <I>afa8D, f17A</I> or <I>facA</I>, and only 3 of the isolates (2.5%) contained <I>eaeA.</I> In this study, 94 isolates harbored two or more of the genes, and there were 43 different patterns of gene combination in the isolates. The most common pattern, which was found in 14.4% (17 isolates), was <I>clpG-fimC-iutA-colV-tsh-iucC-iucD-irp2-fyuA-vat-iss.</I> Overall, these results suggest that APEC strains in this area commonly contain multiple virulence factors and approximately half of the APEC strains contained the ColV plasmid-associated genes. Especially, <I>colV</I> and <I>tsh</I> were detected more than half of the isoaltes.</P>
Lee, Eun-Gyeong,Ryu, Keun-Won,Eom, Bang-Wool,Yoon, Hong-Man,Kim, Yong-Il,Cho, Soo-Jeong,Lee, Jong-Yeul,Kim, Chan-Gyoo,Choi, Il-Ju,Kim, Young-Woo The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2017 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.17 No.1
Purpose: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in early gastric cancer causes an artificial gastric ulcer and local inflammation that has a negative intraprocedural impact on additional laparoscopic gastrectomy in patients with noncurative ESD. In this study, we analyzed the effect of ESD on short-term surgical outcomes and evaluated the risk factors. Materials and Methods: From January 2003 to January 2013, 1,704 patients of the National Cancer Center underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy with lymph node dissection because of preoperative stage Ia or Ib gastric cancer. They were divided into 2 groups: (1) with preoperative ESD or (2) without preoperative ESD. Clinicopathologic factors and short-term surgical outcomes were retrospectively evaluated along with risk factors such as preoperative ESD. Results: Several characteristics differed between patients who underwent ESD-surgery (n=199) or surgery alone (n=1,505). The mean interval from the ESD procedure to the operation was 43.03 days. Estimated blood loss, open conversion rate, mean operation time, and length of hospital stay were not different between the 2 groups. Postoperative complications occurred in 23 patients (11.56%) in the ESD-surgery group and in 189 patients (12.56%) in the surgery-only group, and 3 deaths occurred among patients with complications (1 patient [ESD-surgery group] vs. 2 patients [surgery-only group]; P=0.688). A history of ESD was not significantly associated with postoperative complications (P=0.688). Multivariate analysis showed that male sex (P=0.008) and laparoscopic total or proximal gastrectomy (P=0.000) were independently associated with postoperative complications. Conclusions: ESD did not affect short-term surgical outcomes during and after an additional laparoscopic gastrectomy.
Usefulness of Skin Explants for Histologic Analysis after Fractional Photothermolysis
( Gyeong Hun Park ),( Sung Eun Chang ),( Seunghyun Bang ),( Kwang Hee Won ),( Chong Hyun Won ),( Mi Woo Lee ),( Jee Ho Choi ),( Kee Chan Moon ) 대한피부과학회 2015 Annals of Dermatology Vol.27 No.3
Background: Fractional laser resurfacing treatment has been extensively investigated and is widely used. However, the mechanism underlying its effects is poorly understood because of the ethical and cosmetic problems of obtaining skin biopsies required to study the changes after laser treatment. Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of human skin explants for the investigation of fractional photothermolysis. Methods: Full-thickness discarded skin was treated in 4 ways: no treatment (control), fractional carbon dioxide laser, fractional Er:YAG laser, and fractional 1,550-nm erbium- doped fiber laser. Both treated and non-treated skin samples were cultured ex vivo at the air-medium interface for 7 days. Frozen tissue was sectioned and stained with hematoxylin & eosin for histologic examination and nitro blue tetrazolium chloride for viability testing. Results: Skin explants cultured for up to 3 days exhibited histologic changes similar to those observed in in vivo studies, including microscopic treatment zones surrounded by a thermal coagulation zone, re-epithelialization, and formation of microscopic epidermal necrotic debris. However, the explant structure lost its original form within 7 days of culture. The viability of skin explants was maintained for 3 days of culture but was also lost within 7 days. Conclusion: The skin explant model may be a useful tool for investigating the immediate or early changes following fractional photothermolysis, but further improvements are required to evaluate the long-term and dermal changes. (Ann Dermatol 27(3) 283∼290, 2015)