껌씹기가 개복수술 환자의 장운동 회복과 구강불편감에 미치는 효과

방설영 (Bang, Sul Yeong),정금자 (Jung, Gum Ja),정혜연 (Jung, Hye Yeon),안소현 (An, So Hyeon) 병원간호사회 2008 임상간호연구 Vol.14 No.3

Purpose: This study was aimed to investigate the effects of gum-chewing on the recovery of bowel movement and oral cavity discomfort after abdominal surgery. Method: The nonequivalent control group, non-syncronized repeated treatment design was used. A total of 99 patients were participated in the study. The 44 patients were in the experimental group and the rest in the control group. The experimental group chewed gum three times a day until they passed gas. As the patient reported gas-passing, bowel movement time, subjective symptoms of oral cavity, and oral status were recorded precisely. The frequency, percentage, ???u -test and t-test were analyzed by SPSS PC 12.0. Results: There were significant differences in bowel movement, gas passing, oral cavity symptoms, and oral status scores between the experimental and the control group. Conclusion: The findings of the study demonstrated the fact that gum-chewing helps early recovery from post-operative ileus and thirst. It is because gum chewing stimulates bowel mobility and secretion of saliva. Thus gum-chewing seems to be an effective nursing intervention in reducing post-operative side effects for patients with abdominal surgery.

The Discourse of Madness in Plath`s and Gilman`s Pathology

( Gum Hee Che ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2013 현대영어영문학 Vol.57 No.1

Che, Gum-Hee. “The Discourse of Madness in Plath`s and Gilman`s Pathology”. Modern Studies in English Language & Literature 57.1 (2013): 311-26. Highlighting the lack of communication between a male doctor (the observer) and a female patient (the observed), Plath and Gilman subvert the role of the observer (the master of madness), who fills himself with doctrines and myths of reason, and discredit his clinical diagnosis and treatment, believing that pathology as such cannot explain the unconscious of her psyche. Escaping the symmetrical polar opposition between the doctor and the patient, they reveal that the objectivity of the unconscious is an illusion and her psyche may not be approached by reason and observation. The discourse of madness in Plath and Gilman`s pathology presents a very thin layer between sanity and madness, which may open the door to a wider outlook on the relation between the human psyche and the unconscious. As there is no distinct line between sanity and madness, it would not be easy for one to find any definite borderline between the doctor and the patient. (Chungbuk National University)

Flutter and buffeting responses of the Shantou Bay Bridge

Gu, M.,Chen, W.,Zhu, L.D.,Song, J.Z.,Xiang, H.F. Techno-Press 2001 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.4 No.6

Shantou Bay Bridge is the first long-span suspension bridge in China. Because of its location near the Shantou Seaport and its exposure to high typhoon winds, wind-resistant studies are necessary to be made. In this paper, critical flutter wind speeds and buffeting responses of this bridge at its operation and main construction stages are investigated. The Buffeting Response Spectrum method is first briefly presented. Then the sectional model test is carried out to directly obtain the critical flutter wind speed and to identify the flutter derivatives, which are adopted for the later analysis of the buffeting responses using the Buffeting Response Spectrum method. Finally the aeroelastic full bridge model is tested to further investigate the dynamic effects of the bridge. The results from the tests and the computations indicate that the flutter and buffeting behaviors of the Shantou Bay Bridge are satisfied.

당 종류에 따른 복숭아 젤리의 품질특성 비교

박금순,박선영 대구효성가톨릭대학교 응용과학연구소 1998 응용과학연구논문집 Vol.6 No.2

당의 종류에 따른 복숭아 젤리의 이화학적 특성 및 품질특성을 측정한 결과 복숭아 젤리의 pH는 4.80∼4.95로 나타났으며 점도는 백설탕에서 가장 높았고, 투명도는 올리고당에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 관능검사에서는 color, aroma, hardness, appearance, taste, overall quality에서 전반적으로 황설탕이 높게 나타났으며 유의적(p<0.001)인 차이가 있었다. 기계적 검사에서는 hardness, chewiness, gumminess는 황설탕이 높았으며 유의적(p<0.001)인 차이가 있었다. springness에서는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 색도 측정에서는 명도 L값은 네 시료간 유의적인 차이가 없었으며 적색도 a값, 황색도 b값은 올리고당이 높았으며 당의 종류에 따라 유의적인 (p<0.001)인 차이를 보였다. 관능검사와 기계적 검사에서 taste가 좋을수록 황색도 b값이 높아지며 유의적(p<0.01)인 상관 관계를 보여주었다. 관능검사의 hardness가 강할수록 기계적 검사에서도 높게 나타났고 황색도 b값은 낮았다. 이상의 결과로서 백설탕, 황설탕, 꿀, 올리고당을 첨가하여 복숭아 젤리를 제조하였을 때 복숭아즙 600ml에 황설탕 120g, 젤라틴 3%를 첨가시킨 것이 좋게 평가되었다. Peach jelly was prepared by white sugar, yellow sugar, honey and oligosaccharide. They were made physicochemical properties and quality characteristics were investigated. The pH range of peach jelly was 4.80 to 4.95. Maximum viscosity of white sugar and maximum turbidity of oligosaccharides were 2.58 and 0.85, respectively. Yellow sugar had significant effects on all sensory evaluation such as color, aroma, hardness, appearance, taste overall quality(p<0.001), but had on mechanical properties such hardness, chewiness, gumminess except springness. The values of Hunter color system, L had no significant differences between for four samples but "a" and "b" values had close significant differences between the products prepared with various sugars(p<0.001). The taste of the food characteristics was significantly correlated with their b values(p<0.001). Peach jelly tasted the best when it was made of jelatin(3%) mixed yellow sugar(20%) and white sugar(20%) than of made of honey and oligosaccharide was higher evaluated the texture.

시클로부탄고리를 가진 감광성 poly(amide-imide)의 합성 및 특성

선금주 광주보건대학 2004 論文集 Vol.29 No.-

Photosensitive poly(amide-imide)s (PAIs) containing cyclobutane group were synthesized and studied for the properties of positive type photoresist. PAIs were prepared by direct polycondensation of N-(4-caboxyphenyl)maleimide cyclobutane dimer(p-MCD), N-(3-carboxyphenyl)maleimide cyclobutane dimer(m-MCD) and diamine with triphenylphosphite(TPP) and pyridine as a polymerization catalyst. The PAIs were insoluble in gerneral organic solvents, but fairly soluble in polar aprotic solvents such as NMP, DMSO, DMAc, DMF. Intrinsic viscosity of PAIs measured in NHP was 0.39 g/dL, 0.26g/dL. The onset of themal decomposition temperature was 426℃ which shows relatively high thermal stability. The PAIs were insoluble in THF before irradiation. However, they became soluble upon irradiation with 254㎚ UV light. This result shows that PAIs have the properties of positive type photoresists. Differnce FT-IR spectral study showed the photooxidation of amide and imide groups as well as photosplitting of cyclobutane rings took place during the photolysis of PAIs.

한국어의 특성을 고려한 용례 검색 시스템

홍금원,임재수,서희철,임해창 고려대학교 컴퓨터과학기술연구소 2001 JOURNAL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING TECHNOLO Vol.3 No.-

본 논문에서는 한국어의 특성을 고려한 용례 검색 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 직접 용례 검색과 색인 기반 용례 검색을 제공한다. 직접 용례 검색에서는 원시 말뭉치에서 한글 음절 단위의 검색뿐만 아니라 한글 자소 단위의 검색이 가능하며, 색인 기반 용례 검색에서는 어절, 형태소, 그리고 체계화된 품사정보를 이용한 검색이 가능하다. 검색속도 및 색인된 파일의 크기는 실험을 통하여 최적화 한다. 사용자는 검색된 용례로부터 연산 및 정렬 과정을 거쳐서 보다 정확하게 선별된 용례를 얻을 수 있다. 본 시스템을 통해 얻어진 용례 정보는 사전 편찬 등의 한국어 연구의 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있으며, 말뭉치를 기반으로 한 다양한 분야에서 활용할 수 있을 것이다. In this paper, we propose the concordance system considering the characteristics of Korean. The proposed system provides two kinds of retrieval method: direct access retrieval and index based retrieval. In direct access retrieval method, it is possible to retrieve examples using grapheme-based query as well as syllable based query. In index-based retrieval method, it is possible to retrieve examples using eojeol, morpheme, or part-of-speech. The speed of the system and the size of the indexed file is optimized through several experiments. Users can acquire the exact and selective examples from previously retrieved items by filtering and/or sorting. The linguistic information acquired by the system can be utilized as basic data for Korean Linguistic research such as lexicography and it can be used in various application fields based on corpus.

CdS : Co/Cu S 이종접합 박막 태양전지 제작 및 전기적 특성

朴金培 朝鮮大學校 敎育大學院 1986 敎育論叢 Vol.2 No.4

多層神經回路網의 檢索性能 向上技法에 관한 硏究

목금란,윤충화,윤승호 명지대학교 공학기술연구소 1991 공학기술연구소 논문집 Vol.6 No.-

The Error Backpropagation Alogorithm has great populatity for its simplicity and algorithmic stability, but its generalization property, i.e.correctness ratio, is not satisfactory. In this paper, we proposed post processing techniques which significantly enhance the correctness ratio. We have shown that, when arbitrary input patterns are given to neural networks, our proposed methods improve the probability of getting correct answers, and reduce the chances of spurious answers, over the conventional Error Backpropagation Algorithm.

금강 하류역의 어류상에 관하여

황금화,전상린,김미옥,황종서 상명대학교 기초과학연구소 1992 기초과학연구 Vol.6 No.-

금강 하류역의 어류상을 밝히기 위하여 1990년 2월부터 12월까지의 기간에 월 2회씩 총 6개 조사지소에서 수온과 염분도의 측정 및 어류의 채집을 실시하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 월평균 수온은 2월에 3.58℃로 가장 낮았고, 8월에 29.71℃로 가장 높게 나타났다. 조사지소별 평균 염분도는 St. 1에서 0.015‰로 가장 낮았고, St. 6에서 9.45‰로 가장 높았다. 2. 총 58종에 30,680개체의 어류가 채집되었으며, 종구성비로 볼 때 일차담수어는 21종(36.2%), 주연성담수어는 18종(31.0%), 그리고 해산어는 19종(32.8%)으로 나타났다. 3. 각 조사지소 중에서 St. 1, 2에서는 일차담수어가 우세하였으며, St. 3, 4에서는 주연성담수어가 우세하게 나타났고, St. 5, 6에서는 해산어와 주연성담수어가 우세하여 염분도 측정결과와 잘 일치하였다. 4. 총 58종 중에서 웅어 Coilia ectens, 누치 Hemibarbus labeo, 瘟歷早 Microphysogobio tungtingensis, 밀자개 Peltobagrus nitidus, 황줄망둑 Tridentiger nudicervicus, 오셀망둑 Lophiogobius ocellicauda, 강주걱양태 Repomucenus olidus 등의 어종에서는 계절적인 이동을 볼 수 있었으며, 이러한 이동은 수은 측정결과와 잘 일치하였다. 5. 총 58종 중 한반도 고유종은 일차담수어인 각시붕어 Rhodeus uyekii, 가시납지리 Acanthorhodeus gracilis, 왜매치 Abbottina springeri, 줄몰개 Gnathopogon strigatus, 긴물개 Squalidus gracilis majimae, 돌마자 Microphusogobio yaluensis 그리고 흰수마자 Gobiobotia naktongensis 등의 7종이었다. 6. 어류의 월별 체장분포로부터 황줄망둑 Tridentiger nudicervicus, 가실망둑 Acanthogobius ommaturus, 오셀망둑 Lophiogobius ocellicauda, 꺽정이 Trachydermus fasciatus, 그리고 돌가자미 Kareius biocloratus 등의 산란기와 생장율이 추정되었다. Fish fauna was investigated at six stations in Kum-river estuary during the periods from Feb. to Dec., 1990, twice a month. In order to reveal the environmental influences on fish fauna, water temperature and salinity were measured in each station. The results are as follows: 1. Water temperature was the highest with 31 C in Aug. (all stations) and the lowest with 2 C in Feb. (St. 4, 5, 6). Salinity was the highest with 16.45%0 at St. 6 in Feb. and the lowest with 0.06%0 at St. 1 in July. 2. From the study of fishes were identified a total of 58 taxa representing 22 family, 47 genera, 55 species and 3 subspecies. The composition of fishes based on habitats was composed of 21 primary freshwater fishes, 18 pheripheral freshwater fishes and 19 marine fishes, respectively. 3. Primary freshwater fishes were dominated at St. 1 and St. 2, while pheripheral freshwater fishes and marine fishes were dominated at St. 5 and St. 6. It was in accordance with the distribution of salinity gradient. 4. Among 58 taxa, Coilia ectens, Hemibarbus hbeo, Microphysogobio tungtingensis, Pelteobagrus nitidus, Tridentiger nudicervicus, Lophiogobius ocellicauda and Repomucenus olidus were to be a seasonal migrations, it was corresponded with the variations of water temperature. 5. Among 58 taxa, Rhodeus uyekii, Acanthorhodeus gracilis, A bbottim springeri, Gnatbpogon stn gatus, Squalidus gracilis majimue, Microphysogobio yaluensis and Gobiobotiu naktongensis were the Korean endemic species in this study area. 6. From the distribution of monthly body length, Tridentiger nudicervicus, Acanthogobius ommaturus, Lophiogobius ocellicauda, Trachydemzus fmiutus and Kareius bicoloratus, could be estimated the spawning periods and growth rate.

탈춤이 골밀도와 골대사마커 및 신체동요에 미치는 영향

노금선 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.6

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 20weeks Tal-chum training on bone mineral density, bone metabolic marker and body sway. Subjects were composed of twenty women who have not habitual exercise or not participate any exercise program. VO₂max was determined for each subjects by administering a treadmill exercise test. The exercise intensities are measured by using Polar during exercise training and was 51.13% HRreserve until 10weeks and was 57.26% HRreserve from 11 to 20 weeks. Subjects performed 3 day a week, 60 minute a day during 20weeks. Paired t-test was used to evaluate the difference of the pre and post training. The 0.05 level of significance was as critical level for this study. VO₂max(㎖/min), VO₂max/wt(㎖/㎏/min) and VO₂max/LBM(㎖/㎏/min) were significantly(p<.01) increased after 20weeks Tal-chum training. The bone mineral density of Lumbar spine(L2-L4), Femoral neck, Word's triangle and Trochanter were tended to increase. Although the bone content of Femoral neck and Word's triangle did not have any statistical significance, the bone mineral content of Lumbar spine(L2-L4) and Trochanter was significantly(p<.05) increased. The serum osteocalcin, bone metabolic marker, were significantly(p<.01) increased. The LNG, LNG/time and DEV of MY were significantly(p<.01) decreased. Therefore, Tal-Chum training improve in cardiorespiratory function, bone mineral content, bone metabolic marker and body sway and was also shown to positive influence on the prevention of osteoporosis and fall.