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Epigenetic Approaches to the Treatment of Renal Cell Cancer
Seong Hwi Hong(홍성휘),Jiyoung Lee(이지영),Eun Bi Jang(장은비),Sung Yul Park(박성열),Hong-Sang Moon(문홍상),Young Eun Yoon(윤영은) 대한비뇨기종양학회 2020 대한비뇨기종양학회지 Vol.18 No.2
To summarize the epigenetics in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and discuss the potential use of epigenetic modifiers as RCC biomarkers and treatments. Pertinent articles available on PubMed and google scholar database pertaining to kidney cancer and epigenetics were reviewed. Metastatic RCC is one of the most difficult cancers to treat. Although RCC is commonly known to be caused by VHL mutations, it is not enough to understand the complete pathophysiology of RCC. Epigenetic factors can play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of RCC. Epigenetic regulators are classified as epigenetic writers, readers, and erasers according to their role. In this review, we discuss the potential role of epigenetic regulators as a biomarker for RCC. We also review medications that target epigenetic enzymes and are currently tried in RCC therapy.
Eun-Bi Park(박은비),Hye-Sun Kim(김혜선),So-Yun Shin(신소연),In-Ae Ji(지인해),Ji-Hyun Kim(김지현),Sung-Goo Kim(김성구),Byung Hong Yoo(유병홍),Byung-Woo Kim(김병우),Inseok Kwak(곽인석),Moon-Moo Kim(김문무),Kyung Tae Chung(정경태) 한국생명과학회 2012 생명과학회지 Vol.22 No.11
산수유는 다양한 생리적 기능을 가지는 것으로 보고되어 있으며 또한 최근에 관심의 증가로 산수유로부터 유효성분의 추출 방법 개발은 산업적으로 매우 중요하며, 유효성분의 존재 여부를 분석하는 것은 산업적 상품의 진위와 품질을 판정하는데 중요한 수단이 된다. 본 연구는 loganin을 지표 물질로 하여 산수유로부터 유효성분을 추출하는 여러 방법을 비교 분석하였으며, 각 방법에 따라 추출한 시료의 기능성의 차이를 항산화 작용으로 분석하였다. 산수유로부터 항산화 성분을 추출하기 위하여 네 가지 방법을 적용하였다. 추출된 유효성분 지표물질로 loganin의 함량을 HPLC로 분석하였을 때 열수를 사용한 추출 방법이 알코올 추출 또는 효소 처리 방법 보다효율적인 결과를 보여 주었다. 각 추출 시료의 항산화 기능은 DPPH radical 소거능, hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay, reducing power 측정으로 분석하였다. 추출 방법에 따라 항산화 기능이 차이가 있었으며, 열수 추출 시료가 DPPH radical 소거능과 hydrogen peroxide scavenging 효과가 우수하였고, 효소 처리 추출 시료는 reducing power가 우수하게 나타났다. 추출 방법에 따라 시료에 함유된 성분의 차이가 항산화 기능이 차이와 연관이 있다고 생각된다. 이 연구에서 얻은 결과는 산수유는 대조군으로 사용한 vitamin C에 준하는 항산화 성분을 함유하고 있으며, 이들 성분은 열수 추출 방법으로 효율적으로 추출되었으며, 열수 추출 방법은 산업적으로 응용 될 수 있음을 제시하고 있다. Oxidative stress leads to damage in all components of the cell, including proteins, lipids, and DNA due to imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and cellular detoxification. Phytochemicals are well-known to contain antioxidants, and their physiological role has been intensively studied. The fruit of Cornus officianalis has been used in oriental medicine and has been reported to have many functions. In this study, four different extraction techniques were applied to extract functional components from the fruit of Cornus officianalis, and the content of loganin, which is an antioxidant having DPPH radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity and reducing power, was analyzed in each extract. Extraction techniques employed in this study were heat extraction by water, 70% ethanol extraction, enzyme treatment, and combination of enzyme treatment and heat extraction by water. All extracts contained 11.8-18.0 mg/g loganin and showed antioxidation function assayed by measuring DPPH radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity and reducing power. Among them, heat extraction was the most effective technique, showing a maximum amount of loganin (18.0 mg/g) and antioxidative activity at 100 mg/ml concentration. Each extract showed very low cytotoxicity up to at 500 mg/ml but 10-20% cytotoxicity at 1,000 mg/ml by in vitro MTT assay.
LC-MS/MS를 이용한 인삼가공품 중 스피로테트라맷과 대사체의 잔류특성
나은식 ( Eun-shik Na ),김성수 ( Seong-soo Kim ),서현석 ( Hyun-seok Seo ),홍성수 ( Sung-soo Hong ),서수경 ( Su-gyeong Seo ),이용재 ( Yong-jae Lee ),김단비 ( Dan-bi Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2023 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2023 No.0
Residue of pesticides was difference depending on the type of pesticide, drying and processing conditions. This study was carried out to elucidate residual characteristics of spirotetramat and its metabolites in ginseng and determine its processing factors and reduction factors in processed products, such as dried ginseng and red ginseng. The pesticide used in the study spirotetramat 22% suspension concentrate, which was diluted 2,000 times according to Korean safety standards and treated two times at 7-day intervals until 14 days before harvest. After last application of pesticide on the study field, the ginseng samples were collected at one time on the expected harvest date, and processed into dried ginseng and red ginseng. In order to investigate the decline pattern of spirotetramat and its metabolites in/on ginseng, fresh ginseng samples were collected on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 after last application of pesticide. The extraction of pesticides was carried out by modified the Korea Food Standards Codex sample extraction and determination was performed using LC-MS/MS. The method was validated with an LOQ of 0.005 mg/kg for fresh ginseng and its processed products. Concurrent mean recoveries (n=15) of spirotetramat and its metabolites at three fortified levels were in the range of 105.06±3.87 for fresh ginseng, 99.41±2.53 for dried ginseng and 103.31±3.12% for red ginseng. In residue study, the results from three trials show that mean total residues of spirotetramat in fresh ginseng were from 0.007 to 0.034 mg/kg. Mean spirotetramat residues in the processed products such as dried ginseng and red ginseng were from 0.020 to 0.115 and 0.023 to 0.053 mg/kg, respectively. In decline study, the results from three field trials show that spirotetramat residues in ginseng were gradually decreased with time. Mean processing factors of spirotetramat for the processed products of ginseng from 2.81 to 3.39 for the dried ginseng, from 1.56 to 3.58 for the red ginseng. The reduction factors of spirotetramat for the processed products of ginseng ranged from 0.57 to 0.74 for the dried ginseng, from 0.34 to 0.72 for the red ginseng.
플랜트 설비의 케이블 화재 시 다중 감지기를 이용한 실시간 경보기법에 관한 연구
이홍철(Hong-cheol Lee),조은비(Eun-bi Cho),노고섭(Go-seop Roh),황인주(In-ju Hwang) 융복합지식학회 2018 융복합지식학회논문지 Vol.6 No.2
본 논문에서는 제한된 공간에서 플랜트 설비의 케이블에 화재가 발생할 경우에 변화되는 온도, 농도, 이온 데이터를 획득하여 화재정보를 실시간으로 판별하는 기법을 평가하였다. 이를 위하여 규칙 및 사례 기반 알고리즘을 설계하고, 실험실 화재 데이터를 이용하여 시간에 따른 유사도 패턴을 분석하였다. 기본적인 개념은 열, 연기, 이온 등 다중 감지기를 이용하여 신뢰성을 높이고, 데이터 융합을 통한 화재 판별 시나리오를 전개하고 유용한 정보를 생성하는 방법이다. 본 연구를 통하여 제한적인 조건에서 유형별 화재판별기준을 제시하고, 적용기법 및 시나리오의 신뢰성을 평가하였다. 기존 감지방식으로는 화재정보의 생성이 불가능한 초기 단계에서 화재감지 정보를 제공할 수 있음을 파악하였다. 또한 정형화된 화재신호 데이터 및 사례기반 추론알고리즘을 적용하여 최대 38%의 화재감지 반응시간이 감소하는 것으로 평가되었다. This paper deals with a technique to detect fire information in real time by acquiring temperature, concentration, and ion data when a cable in a plant facility is exposed to fire in a confined space. To do this, we designed rules and case - based algorithms and analyzed similarity patterns over time using laboratory fire data. The basic concept is to improve reliability by using multiple sensors such as heat, smoke, and ions, to develop fire detection scenarios through data fusion, and to generate useful information. Through this study, it was possible to propose the fire discrimination criteria for each type under limited conditions, and to secure the reliability of application techniques and scenarios. In the conventional detection method, fire detection information can be provided at an early stage when fire information can not be generated. In addition, it was evaluated that up to 38% of fire detection response time is reduced by applying formalized fire signal data and case based reasoning algorithm.
인삼 중 Carbendazim의 재배포장 및 가공에 따른 잔류특성
나은식 ( Eun-shik Na ),김성수 ( Seong-soo Kim ),서현석 ( Hyun-seok Seo ),이민정 ( Min-jeong Lee ),홍성수 ( Sung-soo Hong ),서수경 ( Su-gyeong Seo ),이병철 ( Byung-chul Lee ),김단비 ( Dan-bi Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2022 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2022 No.-
This study was carried out to investigate residual characteristics of carbendazim in ginseng and calculate the processing factors in processed products, such as dried ginseng and red ginseng. Supervised field trials were conducted from three fields located at Jeongeup, Jeungpyeong and Gongju in Korea. The mixed formulation of carbendazim 25% and diethofencarb 25% wettable powder (WP) was foliar applied four times at a nominal rate of 0.758 kg a.i./ha with a 10-day interval, according to its pre-harvest interval (PHI) in Republic of Korea. Ginseng roots were harvested from each site 80 days after the last application. Ginseng roots were harvested from each field 80 days after last application. The harvested ginsengs were processed into dried ginseng and red ginseng according to the conventional methods in Republic of Korea. In addition, fresh ginsengs were collected five times at 0, 20, 50, 80 and 100 days after the last application from separate plots in Jeungpyeong and Gongju for decline study on the test pesticide. Residues of carbendazim in fresh ginseng and its processed products were analyzed by the verified analytical method using an ultra performance liquid chromatograph equipped with mass spectrometer(UPLC-MS/MS). The LOQ of carbendazim in ginseng and its processed products were all 0.005 mg/kg. Concurrent mean recoveries(n=15) of carbendazim at three fortified levels were of 76.06±1.81 for fresh ginseng and 100.90±4.42 for dried ginseng and 100.40±4.16% for red ginseng. Amounts of carbendazim in fresh ginseng ranged from 0.011 to 0.021 mg/kg in Jeongeup and Gongju, whereas no residue detected in Jeungpyeong and those in decline study were time-coursely decreased over the time. Residues of carbendazim in the dried ginseng and red ginseng ranged from 0.009 to 0.047 and from 0.011 to 0.080 mg/kg in Jeongeup and Gongju, whereas no residue detected in Jeungpyeong, respectively. Processing factors of carbendazim for dried ginseng and red ginseng were from 0.74 to 2.49 and from 1.04 to 4.25, respectively. Given the higher residual of red ginseng that goes through a more complicated process than dried ginseng, the residual concentration of carbendazim in processed ginseng products were found to be dependent on processing method.
Analysis of Soil Total Nitrogen and Inorganic Nitrogen Content for Evaluating Nitrogen Dynamics
Seul-Bi Lee,Jwa-Kyung Sung,Ye-Jin Lee,Jung-Eun Lim,Yo-Sung Song,Deog-Bae Lee,Suk-Young Hong 한국토양비료학회 2017 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.50 No.2
Various methods for assessing soil total nitrogen (TN) and inorganic N content have been developed to manage nutrient and to understand N cycle in soil. This paper address the technical procedures in arable soil samples to conduct soil sampling, sample preparation, and measuring total N and inorganic N. Among various methods for measuring soil total nitrogen contents, Kjeldahl distillation and Indophenol blue method have widely used due to reliability and economic advances. Also, two methods can analyze more samples at the same time compared with other nitrogen measuring methods. For evaluating inorganic N content, mainly in forms of nitrate-N (NO₃<SUP>-</SUP>-N) and ammonium-N (NH₄<SUP>+</SUP>-N), extraction with a single reagent such as 2M KCl has been employed, followed by Kjeldahl distillation or indophenol blue methods.