A Study on Korean Products Distribution through Overseas Purchasing in China

Dai,Wen-Qian,Lee,Jong-Ho 한국유통과학회 2019 KODISA ICBE (International Conference on Business Vol.2019 No.-

Nowadays, Korean products are prevailing all over the world. Especially in China they including cosmetics, clothes, etc. are very popular. But because of THAAD, China s people can t go or travel to Korea. Instead of travelling Korea, they usually make use of overseas direct purchasing with the booming in current online shopping. Ironically, in spite of bad conditions, they used to buy Korean cosmetics by way of overseas purchasing . Therefore the revenue on Korean cosmetics is growing up more and more. According to the results, first, the security, convenience and information provided by the overseas direct purchase have already had a positive impact on the satisfaction. Second, the quality of the delivery service is composed of four factors: rapidity, reliability, intimacy and correctness. third, the research results indicate that the satisfaction level has a positive impact on the re-purchase intention.

판소리와 敍事巫歌의 對比硏究

徐大錫 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1979 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.34 No.-

Both 'Pansori' and Korean Shamanistic Narrative Songs (SNS) share a common point " in that they are both forms of' oral narrative verse. However the former has been transmitted by professional singers, or 'Kwang Dai" and the latter, by Korean Shamans through their rituals. This study compared and contrasted 'Pansori' with SNS based upon the following four view points: 1. The characteristics of literary genre 2. The form of oral performance 3. The structure of the script 4. The composition style of the script The results of the study are as follows : 1. Pansori is a form of musical art which uses musical tones corresponding to a song's literary contents and SNS is the same in that sense. But in SNS, the verbal content play a major role which the musical tones and feelings play a relatively minor role. 2. SNS has two forms of oral performance, the recitative type and musical play (singing)type, similar to that of Pansori'. The early form of oral performance of 'Pansori' was similar to the recitative type. It seems that development has been made from recitative to musical play (singing)similar to that of SNS history. SNS has originated from shamanistic myths. The recitative type has been used to call the spirit of god in the rituals. The recitative type, however, has been decreasing as the worship for the Shamanistic god decreased. To singing type, in the meantime, has become increasingly popular. 3. In 'Pansori' both ordinary speech and singing are used interchangeable. Originally, the recitative performance was a proper form of oral performance bur the present varieties have been developed to entertain the audience. The musical play of SNS uses the same technique as does 'Pasori'. 4. 'Pansori' sings 'kwang Dai' composed the oral text using ready made literary units such as folksongs, magic formulas, and others as did the shamans. Singers had to depend upon their memory and verbally improvised new items, The principle of composition of Korean Oral Narrative Verse seems identical to that of the European oral epic.

韓國에 있어서의 協業化의 現況 및 그것이 農村의 社會構造變動에 미치는 影響 : 示範協業組織의 事例硏究를 中心으로

金大煥 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1970 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.16 No.-

In the way of modernizing the rural community, one of the most urgent problems is to promote the increase of income and improve productivity in the small-scaled land system like that of Korea. Although there are many ways for acquiring the broad economic, social and political forces that lead to societal or community change, my factual assessment of sociological aspect is the concern that the cooperative farm system will be available to solving the agricultural problems and rural reorganization in Korea, where farm land has faced the radical change by the urbanization and industrialization. The cooperative movement has a history longer that a century in the world. It has also existed in the United States for over ninety years. At one time it was widely massive attempts to plan this organization have been undertaken in Israel, Denmark and Japan. Having been interested in the field of rural sociology, especially social organization, population mobility and urbanization through the social economic development, for more that 10 years, I had fortunately an opportunity of studying the cooperative structures. This report will be helpful for the explanation to understand the reality of cooperative agricultural system and rural structure comparing with Japanese rural reorganization. The contents of this paper are as follows; 1) preface 2) Korean rural structure and agricultural system. 3) Rural disorganization in the process of industrialization. 4) Experiences of cooperative system and its future. 5) Field-study of Korean cooperative systems and their analysis. 6) Planning for the cooperative system and social accommodation. 7) Sociological analysis of cooperative system. 8) Conclusion-The necessity of cooperative associations. Korean rural society has now faced the shortage of farm-labour, even though she has more than 51 percent farmers of total population, for the rural community loses feasible labour-power of adult by the migration from rural to urban area. Both of the shortage of labour and large scaled-land system are naturally easy to bring the mechanization of agricultural production in relation to the subsidiary industry. Some theorists insist that the cooperative system is the sole way to solve the problems the rural community faces now. Of course the application of the planning method to these problems is not easily accomplished. But we should remind that one of the factors promoting the increase of agricultural production in the United States is due to the modern management of corporation. In other words, the post economic boom in American rural communities has not only accelerated the decline of old family-capitalism but increased the importance of larger corporation which has synchronized the other directed conformity of the new managerial society. The five cooperative models Baik-Un-San, Kwang-ju, Un-jang-San, Pack-Dal and Dai-Ri cooperative farms, present us many problems whether planning can be made more scientific, systematic and effective. Most of those who are engaged in studying believe that it is in large part an art, compounded of experience, common sense, and professional expertness in a given realm of human affairs which are leadership, human relation and management of labour and technique. I hope this report could suggest a useful sense of great advantage to the orientation of Korean rural community.

假定은 眞理函數的인가

丁大鉉 이화여자대학교 철학과 1978 마음 : 哲學論集 Vol.- No.1

合理性의 構造와 開放社會의 論理 : 칼 포퍼의 철학을 중심으로

丁大鉉 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1980 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.36 No.-

An attempt is made in this paper, to define "rationality" in reference to Popper's notion of falsifiability and to analyze the concept of open society in terms of rationality thus defined. The notion of falsifiability is proposed to be a term of a certain relation between a conclusion and its premises. For a hypothesis H, we may have a testing condition such that if a certain condition C is given then some effect, E, will be obtained. Suppose that C was given but E did not occur, then we are to say that H is falsified and refuted. The notion of truthlikeness or verisimilitude emerges, out of that of falsifiability. Suppose that a is a sentence or a theory and A is the set of all the sentences deducible from a, and T is the set of all the true sentences. Then, the truth content of a call it At, is the intersection of A and T (A ∩ T), and the falsity content of a, call it Af, is A minus At(A-At). Now, we may talk about the content measure(ct) of those contents. Ct(At) is defined as 1 minus the probability of A ∩ T and ct (Af) as 1 minus the probability of A-At. Finally, the verisimilitude of a, call it vs (A), is defined as ct(At)-ct(Af). What this means is that the greater the probability of a's being false the greater the truth content of a and hence the verisimilitude of a is. The more falsifiable, the better. Now, we may define what rationality is: dl is rational now if and only if vs(Dl) is greater than any vs (Dl plus I) examined and any plausible theory is now believed to be among those theories examined. Rationality is here understood to be primarily prepositional and relative. What is an open society? The rational one is the answer. Of course, the concept of falsifiability employed here is not truth-functional. But its logical structure remains the same. We may take any policy(law, decree, decision, etc.) to be a hypothesis H. Then, H can have an executive decree such that if some reasoned condition R is provided then certain social action event A will obtain. Take for an example. The Korean government takes a policy that the population growth in Seoul is to be contained. One executive decree is that if the increase of number of college students in Seoul is restrained then the flow of many local high school graduates to Seoul will be minimized. Here we may be tempted to have a reading: the government restrained the increase of the number of college students in Seoul and the flow was minimized, therefore the policy was working well. This is not the falsifiability interpretation. Rather, we should look for undesirable social events due to the policy in question. There may be problems of quality education at local colleges and of their being over-crowded. and so an. What is important is to see that though the statements of intended events and of undesired events are not of the form "p and not-p" which is contradictory, but of the form "A and not-A" which is not contradictory but practically incompatible, the statement of undesirable event, that is, not-A, tends to falsify the policy under consideration and to call for its improvements. Then, it is plausible that open society is the one where any policy can be questioned and the policy is readily improved upon discovery that not-A. With such conceptual mapping on hand, issues such as civil disobedience and free press are seen succinctly explainable.

農業系 高等學校 學生들의 入學動機에 關한 硏究

白大鉉 建國大學校 敎育硏究所 1978 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

This study on the motives of vocational agriculture students to enter agriculture high school disclosed the following factors. 1. Nevertheless having training with vocational agriculture curriculum in agricultur-al high schools throughout Korea, vocational agriculture students showed attitudes to-ward farming vocation with 6.7-28.9%, which are very low comparing with other fields of occupation. 2. Vocational agriculture students enrolled in agriculture high school located closer to large cities showed deeper degree of interest toward farming occupation than those students enrolled in agriculture high schools located in deeper country. 3. Attitudes of vocational agriculture students enrolled in agriculture high schools located in deeper country are closely corelated with their parent's attitudes toward farming occupation while attitudes of thoes students enrolled in agriculture high schools located to large cities are inedpendent from their parent's attitudes. 4. Motives of new students of agriculture high school to engage in farming vocation after graduation are easily apt to change from 41.88% to 27.8% upon graduation while the motives of new students enrolled in both agriculture high schools located in deeper country and closer to large cities are solid from original attitudes throughout. 5. Students who made their decision to enter vocational agricuture high school the earlier showed the stronger attitude toward engaging vocational agriculture occupation than those students who made their resolusion to enter agricultuer high school later or upon the time of applying for the entrance examination.

방사선조사가 백서의 치주조직에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구

박대희,이상래 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1986 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.16 No.1

It is known that radiation therapy is a kind of treatment choices of the maxillofacial tumors. This study is designed to investigate the irradiation effects on rat's periodontal tissues as functional tissues which relate to tooth-support, hard tissue formation and destruction. 20 rats (Sprague-Dowley branch, male) were devided into control group of 4 and experimental groupe of 16. Experimental group was singly exposed to Co-60 irradiation with 10 Gy in the head and neck region. Animals were sacrificed on 2 bays, 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks after the irradiation. The specimens were observed by histopathological examination employing H-E stain, van-Gieson stain and PA-ACH fluorescent stain. The results were as follows: 1. Cementoblasts and osteoblasts were gradually lost and rearranged along the external surfaces of the cementum and alveolar bone, but osteoclasts were almost not affected. 2. The cell numbers of the periodontal ligament were decreased due to the cellular atrophy and degeneration, but recovered almost normally on the 3rd week after irradiation. 3. The collagen fibers within the periodontal ligament were irregularly oriented, became finer and decreased in number. 4. The vessels of the periodontal ligament were decreased at the initial stage but increased again on the 2nd week after irradiation, and the hemorrhagic appearances, occurred within the tissues, due to the arterial destruction, were lasted until 3 weeks after irradiation. 5. The glycogen within the periodontal ligament was gradually and stored in the matrices of the cemental side on the 1st week after irradiation, but recovered almost normally on the 3rd week after irradiation.

韓國産 自生闊葉樹材의 材質 및 用途開發에 關한 硏究

鄭大敎 建國大學校附設 農業資源開發硏究所 1978 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

韓國産 自生 闊葉樹인 신갈나무 외 14樹種에 대한 解剖學的 性質, 物理的 性質, 機械的 性質을 究明함으로써 이때까지 쓸모없는 林木으로 賤視되어오던 前記 林木에 대한 材質改良 및 加工性을 향상시켜 適正用途를 開發함으로써 急變하고 있는 木材資源을 다소나마 보완코자 본 硏究를 實施하였다. 1) 闊葉樹材의 直徑部位別 年輪幅·邊材幅·生材含水率은 樹高部位가 높아질수록 감소하는 경향을 보이고 있으며 樹種別로 감소하는 정도는 각각 상이하였고 試驗結果는 表 2.3.6과 같다. 2) 纖維長과 纖維幅은 測定部位가 높아짐에 따라 점차 증가하였으며 試驗結果는 表 4.5와 같다. 3) 比重은 生材比重·氣乾比重·全乾比重은 表 7과 같다. 比重은 樹種間에 차이가 심하고 동일 樹種이라 하더라도 개체에 따라 달랐다. 또한 含水率이 놓은 樹種일수록 比重이 컸다. 收縮率은 方向別에 따라 차가 심하였으며 경단방향과 촉단방향의 氣乾收縮率과 全乾收縮率은 表 8과 같다. 4) 强度試驗에 있어서 壓縮强度는 從壓縮强度와 部分壓縮强度의 試驗結果는 表 9와 같다. 樹種間에 强度의 차이는 심하게 나타났으며 比重이 큰 樹種일수록 强度는 증가하였다. 曲强度는 前記 壓縮强度와 비슷한 경향을 보이고 있다. 즉 樹種間에 차이가 있으며 比重이 클수록 크게 나타났다. 剪斷强度에 있어서는 경단·촉단방향에 따라 달랐으며 比重에 따라서도 차이하였다. 割裂强度 역시 方向別에 따라 强度가 차이하였으며 試驗結果는 表 12와 같다. This study aimed to know the wood properties and utilization of Korean native hardwoods which were supposed to be useless because of their bad wood quality and lack of uniformity. The results were as follows. 1) Anatomical properties 14 species of Quercus showed apparent difference in annual ring width which varied greatly within a species among individual trees and measurement positions. The species which has relatively wide annual ring width were Quercus mongolica, Cornaceae controversa, Querus aliena. Populus Davidiana and the relatively narrow ones, Aceraceae palmatum, Styrax obassia. The species of narrow annual ring width were generally higher specific gravity, and mechanical strength. The width of sapwood varied among species, individual trees, and measurement positions. Cornaceae controversa had widest sapwood, Quercus mongolica, Quercus aliena were next and Betula schmiditi and Aceraceae palmatum were relatively narrow sapwood. In other species there were no apparent difference in color between sapwood and heartwood. It has been known that the width of sapwood is related to the easiness of chemical introduction. Fiber length increased as measurement position moved from pith to bark, and varied among species. Fiber length is known to affect the quality of pulp. The width of fiber increased from pith to bark, but did not varied among species. 2) Physical properties Moisture content of green woods decreased as the sample position was higher, but did not varied among 14 species. Specific gravity varied greatly among species. Specific gravity was proportional to its moisture content. % Shrinkage was varied greatly among species and directions of sample. 3) Mechanical properties Compression strength in longitudinal direction and bending strength were varied greatly among species. Both strengths were proportional to the specific gravity of the wood. Shear strength and Cleavage resistance were varied greatly between in tangential and radial direction and was proportional to the specific gravity. In Fraxinus mandshurica, Maackiaamurensis and Alnue japonica, there is no significant difference in shear strength and cleavage resistance between tangential and radial directions. In Quercus, mongolica and other species, the mechanical strengths in tangential direction were higher than those in radial direction. 4) In summarizing the above results anatomical, physical and mechanical properties of the native hardwoods in Korea, it could be concluded that the hardwood which had been thought to be useless could be useful as the physical and mechanical properties of the wood had been studied. Also it could be concluded that the wood which has bad quality, if it is treated by physical and chemical treatment, can be used as useful as the well qualified wood is.

Nortropinone 유도체로부터 Nortropane Spirohydantoin 유도체의 합성

정대일,박유미,박종훈,김윤영,정두희,김인식 東亞大學校 1998 東亞論叢 Vol.35 No.-

The nortropinones 11 (tropinone lla, N-isopropylnortropinone 11b, N-Carbethoxynortropinone 11c, N-furfurylnortropinone 11d, N-(p-methoxyphenyl)nortropinone 11e) were respectively synthesized by the treatment of acetonedicarboxylic acid 8 with, 2, 5-dimethoxytetrahydrofurane 9 in various amines 10 (methylamine 10a, N-isopropylamine 10b, ethylcarbamate 10c, furfurylamine 10d, p-anisidine 10e). The nortropane spirohydantoins 14 (tropane spirohydanttoin 14a, N-isopropylnortropane spirohydantoin 14b, N-Carbethoxynortropane spirohydantoin 14c, N-furfurylnortropane spirohydantion 14d, n_(p-methoxyphenyl) nortropane spirohydantoin 14e) were respectively synthesized by the treatment of synthesized nortropinones 11 (tropinone 11a 54%, N-isopropylnortropinone 11b 50%, N-Carbethoxynortropinone 11c 58%, N-furfurylnortropinone 11d 31%, N-(p-methoxyphenyl) nortropinone 11e, 70%) with potassium cyanide 12, ammonium carbonate 13.

敎育目標定立에 關한 硏究 : 織業農業敎育을 中心으로

白大鉉 建國大學校 敎育硏究所 1977 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

A study on the degree of understanding major objectives of vocational agricultural education by vocational agricultural teachers in Korea has been carried out in an effort to improve vocational agricultural education in Korea which has not been successful comparing with other fields of education in Korea. The research has uncovered the following facts. 1. The major objectives of vocational agriculture in Korea. This fact has been coutributing to a great extent to the development of vocational agricultural education in Korea. 2. Vocational agriculture teachers in Korea put the most weight of teaching activities on vocational agriculture subject matter teaching rather than on students' personal development such as in citizenship, family relationship, leadership, thriftness, recreation, cooperativeness, and others concerned with personal development.