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최충곤 대한치매학회 2004 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.3 No.2
The limbic system plays an important role in attention, memory, and the emotions. The limbic lobe comprises four C-shaped arches stretching from the medial surface of frontal lobe to the temporal pole. These structures are limbic gyrus (subcallosal area-cingulated gyrus-parahippocampal gyrus-uncus), Broca's intralimbic gyrus (paraterminal gyrus-supracallosal gyrushippocampal tail, body, head), hippocampal and callosal sulcus, and fimbria/fornix. These gross anatomical relationships can be clearly demonstrated by high-resolution MR imaging.
Choong-Min Lee,Pureum Kang,Chang-Keun Cho,Hye-Jung Park,Yun Jeong Lee,Jung-Woo Bae,Chang-Ik Choi,Hyung Sik Kim,Choon-Gon Jang,Seok-Yong Lee 대한약학회 2022 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.45 No.6
Metoprolol, a selective β 1 -adrenoreceptor blockingagent used in the treatment of hypertension, angina,and heart failure, is primarily metabolized by the CYP2D6enzyme, which catalyzes α-hydroxylation and O-desmethylation. As CYP2D6 is genetically highly polymorphic andthe enzymatic activity diff ers greatly depending on the presenceof the mutant allele(s), the pharmacokinetic profi le ofmetoprolol is highly variable depending on the genotype ofCYP2D6 . The aim of study was to develop the physiologicallybased pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of metoprololrelated to CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism for personalizedtherapy with metoprolol. For PBPK modelling, our previouspharmacogenomic data were used. To obtain kinetic parameters(K m , V max , and CL int ) of each genotype, the recombinantCYP enzyme of each genotype was incubated with metoprololand metabolic rates were assayed. Based on these data,the PBPK model of metoprolol was developed and validatedin diff erent CYP2D6 genotypes using PK-Sim ® software. As a result, the input values for various parameters for the PBPK model were presented and the PBPK model successfullydescribed the pharmacokinetics of metoprolol ineach genotype group. The simulated values were within theacceptance criterion (99.998% confi dence intervals) comparedwith observed values. The PBPK model developedin this study can be used for personalized pharmacotherapywith metoprolol in individuals of various races, ages, andCYP2D6 genotypes.
Kim, Choong-Gon,Lee, Ji-Eun,Jeong, Da-Geum,Lee, Youn-Ho,Park, Sang-In,Lee, Dae-Geon,Han, Chang-Hyun,Kang, Su-Jin,Song, Chang-Hyun,Choi, Seong-Hun,Lee, Young-Joon,Ku, Sae-Kwang D.A. Spandidos 2017 Experimental and therapeutic medicine Vol.13 No.6
<P>In the present study, it was evaluated whether east saline groundwater concentration solution (ESGWc) exerted a favorable inhibitory effect on 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced allergic/atopic-like dermatitis (AD). AD was induced and boosted by sensitization with DNCB via topical application on the dorsal back skins. Mice with DNCB-induced AD were bathed in 100-, 200- and 400-fold diluted ESGWc. After 6 weeks bathing, changes to body weight, clinical skin severity scores, scratching behavior, serum total immunoglobulin (Ig)E levels, submandibular lymph node and spleen weights, splenic cytokine levels, skin cytokine mRNA expressions, antioxidant defense systems and superoxide anion productions were recorded to determine the effects of bathing on the histopathology of dorsal back skin tissues. All DNCB-induced mice demonstrated that the induction of AD through IgE-mediated hypersensitivities, oxidative stresses, activation of MMP and apoptosis of keratinocytes resulted in no significant differences in body weight between the different groups at each time point following initial sensitization. However, markers of DNCB-induced AD were significantly inhibited (P<0.05) in a concentration-dependent manner following bathing in all concentrations of ESGWc. The results obtained in the present study suggest that bathing in ESGWc may have favorable protective effects against DNCB-induced AD due to favorable systemic and local immunomodulatory effects, active cytoprotective anti-apoptotic effects, inhibitory effects of matrix metalloproteinase activity, and anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects.</P>
고정크로싱 분기기 증속시험을 통한 차량의 주행안전성 평가
권세곤(Se-gon Kwon),모충선(Choong-Sun Mo),최형수(Hyung-soo Choi),박성백(Sung-back Park),손의식(Eui-sik Son),박용주(Yong-ju Park) 한국철도학회 2014 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
현재 분기기 직선측 최대 통과속도 제한기준은 일본의 협궤사용에 따른 주행안전성 확보를 위한 기준을 준용한 것으로 표준궤를 사용하는 국내의 분기기 최대 통과속도 산정기준은 없는 실정이며, 국내에 부설된 고정크로싱 분기기의 경우 설계속도 180km/h로 제작됨에 따라 일반철도에 부설된 분기기 최대 통과속도와 40km/h 차이를 가지고 있어 열차운행 측면에서 속도향상이 지속적으로 요구되고 있다. 따라서 고정크로싱 분기기 직선측 최대 통과속도 현실화를 위해 단계별 증속시험을 통한 현차주행 성능시험을 시행하여 분기기 종류별, 열차종별, 속도대별 차량 주행안전기준 만족여부를 검증하였다. The current general turnout passing speed limit regulations on straight sections is based on the standard for securing running stability Japan where a narrow gauge is being used. However, in Korea there is no appropriate turnout passing speed calculation standard as a standard gauge is being used. In addition, all rigid crossing turnouts have been manufactured with the design speed of 180km/h, 40km/h lower than the passing speed limit of the turnouts laid on general railways. Therefore, it is consistently requested to improve the speed with a view to stable train operations. As a result, we carried out the road running performance test through staged speed-up tests in an attempt to exceed the speed limit on the straight sections of the rigid crossing turnout to validate if all the rolling stock running safety requirements were met regardless of turnout type, train type, or speed range.
Primary Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome: Neuroradiologic Findings in 11 Patients
Jung Hoon Kim,Choong-Gon Choi,Soo-Jung Choi,Ho Kyu Lee,Dae Chul Suh The Korean Society of Radiology 2000 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.1 No.1
Objective: To describe the neuroradiologic findings of primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (PAPS). Materials and Methods: During a recent two-year period, abnormally elevated antiphospholipid antibodies were detected in a total of 751 patients. In any cases in which risk factors for stroke were detected - hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking, and the presence of SLE or other connective tissue diseases - PAPS was not diagnosed. Neuroradiologic studies were performed in 11 of 32 patients with PAPS. We retrospectively reviewed brain CT (n = 7), MR (n = 8), and cerebral angiography (n = 8) in 11 patients with special attention to the presence of brain parenchymal lesions and cerebral arterial or venous abnormalities. Results: CT or MR findings of PAPS included nonspecific multiple hyper-intensity foci in deep white matter on T2-weighted images (5/11), a large infarct in the territory of the middle cerebral artery (4/11), diffuse cortical atrophy (2/11), focal hemorrhage (2/11), and dural sinus thrombosis (1/11). Angiographic findings were normal (5/8) or reflected either occlusion of a large cerebral artery (2/8) or dural sinus thrombosis (1/8). Conclusion: Neuroradiologic findings of PAPS are nonspecific but in young or middle- aged adults who show the above mentioned CT or MR findings, and in whom risk factors for stroke are not present, the condition should be suspected.
Development of 'De novo' Aneurysm after Therapeutic Carotid Occlusion
Jin, Sung-Chul,Choi, Choong-Gon,Kwon, Do-Hoon The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2009 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.45 No.4
Carotid occlusion is an inevitable therapeutic modality for the treatment of complex aneurysms such as giant, traumatic, and intracavernous aneurysms. Late complications of carotid occlusion include 'de novo' aneurysm formation at a distant site because of hemodynamic changes in the circle of Willis. We report a case of de novo aneurysm in a vessel that appeared to be normal on initial angiography. The patient developed an anterior communicating artery aneurysm and marked growth of a basilar bifurcation aneurysm 9 years after trapping of the left internal carotid artery for the treatment of a ruptured large saccular aneurysm involving ophthalmic and cavernous segments. We propose that patients who undergo therapeutic carotid occlusion should be periodically followed by magnetic resonance angiography or computed tomographic angiography to evaluate the possibility of de novo aneurysm formation; this advice is in line with previous reports.