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The Ratio of Second and Fourth Digit Length: A Biomarker for Methamphetamine Dependence?
YoungHo Kim(YoungHo Kim),Sung-Doo Won(Sung-Doo Won),Hyejin Kwon(Hyejin Kwon),Changwoo Han(Changwoo Han) 대한정신약물학회 2022 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.20 No.4
Objective: The ratio of 2nd and 4th digit length (2D:4D) is considered to be a sexually dimorphic trait. Low 2D:4D is implicated in alcohol dependence and heroin dependence and correlated with psychological traits such as aggression, physical aggression, and sensation. The purpose of this study is to compare the 2D:4D between methamphetamine (METH) dependence and controls and the 2D:4D ratio that is a potential biomarker for METH dependence. Methods: In this study, 40 patients diagnosed with METH dependence in Eulji University Gangnam Eulji Hospital and 50 healthy volunteers were all employees in the same hospital. Images of participants’ hands were created using a scanning device. The images contained both the right and left hands; computer software was used to measure the 2D:4D ratio for both hands. We compared the ratios, analyzed by t test, between the METH dependence group and the control group. Results: The mean 2D:4D values were 0.941 (right hand) and 0.943 (left hand) for the patients with METH dependence; in contrast, they were 0.961 (right hand) and 0.961 (left hand) for the control group. These values were significantly smaller than the control in patients’ right hands (p = 0.003) and left hands (p = 0.012). Conclusion: Patients with METH dependence had smaller 2D:4D ratios than those in the control group, which is similar to the results from the previous substance use disorder studies. Thus, elevated prenatal testosterone levels during the gonadal period could be related to future METH problems. Furthermore, the 2D:4D ratio is a potential marker for the prediction of METH dependence.
( Soyeon Kim ),( Soo Hoon Lee ),( Dong Hoon Kim ),( Changwoo Kang ),( Jin Hee Jeong ),( Dong Seob Kim ),( Taehu Kim ),( Ryun Kyung Lee ),( Seong Chun Kim ) 대한응급의학회 2014 대한응급의학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2014 No.2
The spiral computed tomography (CT) with the advantage of low radiation dose, shorter test time required and its multi-dimensional reconstruction is accepted as an essential diagnostic method for evaluating the degree of injury in severe trauma patients and establishment of therapeutic plans. However, conventional sequential CT is preferred for the evaluation of traumatic brain injury over spiral CT due to image noise and artifact. We aimed to compare the diagnostic power of spiral facial CT for traumatic brain injury to that of conventional sequential brain CT. We evaluated retrospectively the images of 315 traumatized patients who underwent both brain CT and facial CT simultaneously. The hemorrhagic traumatic brain injuries such as epidural hemorrhage, subdural hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, contusional hemorrhage were evaluated in both images. Statistics were performed using Cohen``s kappa to compare the agreement between two imaging modalities and sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of spiral facial CT to conventional sequential brain CT. Almost perfect agreement was noted regarding hemorrhagic traumatic brain injuries between spiral facial CT and conventional sequential brain CT (Cohen``s kappa coefficient=0.912). To conventional sequential brain CT, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of spiral facial CT were 92.2%, 98.1%, 95.9% and 96.3%, respectively. In traumatic brain injury, the diagnostic power of spiral facial CT was equal to that of conventional sequential brain CT. Therefore, expanded spiral facial CT covering whole frontal lobe can be applied to evaluate traumatic brain injury in the future.
김창우(Changwoo Kim),김정화(Jeong-Wha Kim),김길하(Gil-Hah Kim) 한국농약과학회 2000 농약과학회지 Vol.4 No.3
These studies were carried out to investigate the toxicities of 38 registered insecticides to the sweetpotato whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum). Insecticide activities were evaluated by testing systemic action and residual effect in the laboratory, and control efficacy in the greenhouse. All experiments were tested at the recommended concentration(ppm) of each insecticides. Insect growth regulators (IGRs), only pyriproxyfen showed over 90% of ovicidal effect. The insecticides that showed over 90% of larvicidal activity on 3rd nymphal instars were abamectin, acetamiprid, chlorpyrifos-methyl, imidacloprid, pyriproxyfen, and acetamiprid + ethofenprox. Insecticides with 100% adulticidal activity were abamectin, acephate, acetamiprid, benfurcarb, bifenthrin, furathiocarb, endosulfan, fenitrothion, imidacloprid, phenthoate, pymetrozine, acetamiprid + ethofenprox, ethofenprox + diazinon, furathiocarb + diflubenzuron, and triazamate + α-cypermethrin Abamectin, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, pyriproxyfen, and acetamiprid + ethofenprox showed both residual effect and systemic activity. In the control efficacy test on B. tabaci, 90% control values were obtained at 11th day after treatment of the insecticides including abamectin, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, pyriproxyfen and acetamiprid + ethofenprox. These results indicate that abamectin, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, pyriproxyfen and acetamiprid + ethofenprox can be used for the control of B. tabaci in field.
클라우드 컴퓨팅 환경에서 보안성 향상을 위한 로컬 프로세스 실행 기술
김태형(Taehyoung Kim),김인혁(Inhyuk Kim),김정한(Junghan Kim),민창우(Changwoo Min),김지홍(Jee-hong Kim),엄영익(Young Ik Eom) 한국정보보호학회 2010 정보보호학회논문지 Vol.20 No.5
기존 클라우드 환경에서는 어플리케이션의 수행이 원격지 클라우드 서버에서 이루어지며, 해당 어플리케이션이 사용하는 물리 메모리, CPU 등 컴퓨팅 자원 역시 원격지 클라우드 서버에 존재한다. 따라서 원격지 서버가 보안 위협에 노출될 경우, 해당 환경에서 실행되는 모든 어플리케이션들이 보안 위협에 의해 영향 받을 수 있다. 특히, 악의적인 클라우드 서버 관리자에 의한 보안 위협으로 인하여, 비즈니스 모델로 많은 이점이 있음에도 불구하고 개인 및 기업 환경에서 클라우드 서비스를 도입하는데 어려움을 겪고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존 클라우드 컴퓨팅 환경의 취약점을 근본적으로 해결할 수 있는 로컬 프로세스 실행 기술을 제안한다. 이를 통해, 기밀 데이터를 클라우드 서버가 아닌 로컬에 둘 수 있게 되어, 클라우드 서버에서 발생 가능한 보안 위협으로부터 기밀 데이터를 보호할 수 있게 된다. 즉, 보안 데이터를 사용하는 어플리케이션의 경우, 로컬 프로세스 실행 기술을 이용하여 원격지 서버가 아닌 로컬의 컴퓨팅 자원을 사용하여 실행할 수 있도록 설계한다. 이에 따라 보안 프로세스가 사용하는 자원들이 물리적으로 로컬에 존재하므로 원격지 서버의 취약성 문제를 해결할 수 있다. In the current cloud environments, the applications are executed on the remote cloud server, and they also utilize computing resources of the remote cloud server such as physical memory and CPU. Therefore, if remote server is exposed to security threat, every applications in remote server can be victim by several security-attacks. Especially, despite many advantages, both individuals and businesses often have trouble to start the cloud services according to the malicious administrator of the cloud server. We propose a security-enhanced local process executing scheme resolving vulnerability of current cloud computing environments. Since secret data is stored in the local, we can protect secret data from security threats of the cloud server. By utilizing computing resource of local computer instead of remote server, high-secure processes can be set free from vulnerability of remote server.
Kim, Tae-Hwan,Kang, Shin-Hyun,Doe, Changwoo,Yu, Jihyun,Sim, Jun-Bo,Kim, Jehan,Kline, Steven R.,Choi, Sung-Min American Chemical Society 2009 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.131 No.21
<P>Self-assembly of 1D nanoparticles such as carbon nanotubes or nanorods into highly ordered superstructures using various interactions has been of great interest as a route toward materials with new functionalities. However, the phase behavior of 1D nanoparticles interacting with surrounding materials, which is the key information to design self-assembled superstructures, has not been fully exploited yet. Here, we report for the first time a new phase diagram of negatively charged 1D nanoparticle and cationic liposome (CLs) complexes in water that exhibit three different highly ordered phases, intercalated lamellar, doubly intercalated lamellar, and centered rectangular phases, depending on particle curvature and electrostatic interactions. The new phase diagram can be used to understand and design new highly ordered self-assemblies of 1D nanoparticles in soft matter, which provide new functionalities.</P>
Kim, JeongTae,Jeong, Hae Joon,Moon, Yeabin,Kim, Ki Buem,Son, Hyeon Taech,Jeon, Changwoo,Sim, Jae Won,Moon, Sudong,Park, Jin Man Elsevier 2017 Journal of alloys and compounds Vol.711 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The as-cast Mg-9Li alloys with difference Al-Si addition were fabricated using induction casting method under the argon atmosphere and then warm rolling process was performed at 473 K. The Al-Si addition to Mg-9Li alloy leads to the formation of Mg<SUB>2</SUB>Si intermetallic compounds and microstructural evolutions such as increased volume fraction of α-Mg phases and changed morphology of α-Mg primary phase on the as-cast specimens. Moreover, the addition of 0.05 wt.% Ti elements on Mg-9Li-3(Al-Si) alloy raised the further microstructural evolutions, e.g. volume fraction of α-Mg phases, which bring about change in the microstructure after warm rolling process. The effects of this micro alloying influences the formation of fine microstructure after warm rolling process, which is the main factor in determining the mechanical properties. With these microstructural evolutions, tensile strength was increased from 101.71 MPa to 247.41 MPa by the minor alloying and warm rolling process. Moreover, the remarkably enhanced strength of Mg-9Li-3(Al-Si) alloy was the results of the addition of 0.05 wt.% Ti from 247 MPa to 412 MPa. Furthermore, the warm press-forming tests were carried out at 523 K to evaluate the applicability of this novel alloy for commercial products.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The as-rolled microstructure is distinctly alternated by minor alloying of Al, Si, and Ti. </LI> <LI> The Al-Si added Mg-9Li-based alloy indeed shows a highly increased strength and elongation. </LI> <LI> The Ti containing alloy with 0.05 wt.% shows the highest tensile strength of 412 MPa. </LI> <LI> This novel Mg-9Li-based alloy is capable of near-net shaping via simple press forming process. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Kim, Tae-Hwan,Kim, Eunhye,Do, Changwoo,Ahn, Hyungju,Lee, Hoyeon,Han, Young-Soo American Chemical Society 2016 Macromolecules Vol.49 No.17
<P>Amphiphilic Pluronic block copolymers have attracted great attention in a broad spectrum of potential applications due to the excellent phase behaviors in an aqueous solution, and many efforts have been made to investigate their phase behaviors under various external conditions. With a variety of external conditions, however, the closed looplike phase behaviors of a Pluronic block copolymer in an aqueous solution have not been reported yet. Herein., We report the closed looplike (CLL) phase behavior of a Pluronic P65 triblock copolymer blended with an organic derivative, 5-methylsalicylic acid (5mS), in aqueous solution, which is very unique for block copolymers. As. the 5mS concentration increases), the-isotropic to ordered phase or back to isotropic phase transition temperature is decreased while the number of closed loops is increased to two. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a CLL phase transition of a Pluronic block, copolymer in an aqueous solution, which is readily applicable to optical devices such as optical sensors or optoelectronics, and nanotemplates for a highly, ordered superlattice. Furthermore, this provides new insight into the understanding on the phase:behavior of a Pluronic block copolymer blended with additives.</P>