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Ahn, Changhwan,Kang, Hong-Seok,Lee, Jae-Hwan,Hong, Eui-Ju,Jung, Eui-Man,Yoo, Yeong-Min,Jeung, Eui-Bae Elsevier 2018 Toxicology letters Vol.295 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In pancreatic β cells, which produce and secrete insulin, Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> signals contribute to insulin production and secretion. Bisphenol A (BPA) and octylphenol (OP) are reported to increase plasma insulin levels and insulin transcription factors, but regulation of plasma glucose levels did not decrease proportionally to the insulin increase. We hypothesized that BPA and OP disrupt calcium homeostasis resulting in insulin resistance through induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. BPA and OP treatment leads to survival of pancreatic β cells against streptozotocin, but despite an increased insulin level, serum glucose regulation is not properly regulated. The expression of genes involved in transporting calcium ions to the cytosol and ER decreased while the expression of those affecting the removal of calcium from the cytosol and ER increased. Depletion of calcium from the ER leads to ER stress and can induce insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is also confirmed by insulin-responsive gene, such as glucose transporter 4 (<I>GLUT4</I>) and <I>IRS2</I>, expression. Taken together, these results imply that disruption of calcium homeostasis by BPA and OP induces ER stress and leads to insulin resistance, especially in a streptozotocin (STZ) -induced type 1 diabetes mellitus model.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Calcium homeostasis was disrupted by BPA and OP under type 1 diabetes. </LI> <LI> Disruption of calcium homeostasis resulted in ER stress in pancreatic cells. </LI> <LI> BPA and OP lead to imbalances in calcium homeostasis and promote insulin resistance. </LI> <LI> Type I diabetes mellitus patients should avoid endocrine disruptors like BPA and OP. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Expression of claudins, occludin, junction adhesion molecule A and zona occludens 1 in canine organs
Ahn, Changhwan,Shin, Da-Hye,Lee, Dongoh,Kang, Su-Myung,Seok, Ju-Hyung,Kang, Hee Young,Jeung, Eui-Bae SPANDIDOS PUBLICATIONS 2016 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol. No.
<P>Tight junctions are the outermost structures of intercellular junctions and are classified as transmembrane proteins. These factors form selective permeability barriers between cells, act as paracellular transporters and regulate structural and functional polarity of cells. Although tight junctions have been previously studied, comparison of the transcriptional-translational levels of these molecules in canine organs remains to be investigated. In the present study, organ-specific expression of the tight junction proteins, claudin, occludin, junction adhesion molecule A and zona occludens 1 was examined in the canine duodenum, lung, liver and kidney. Results of immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated that the tight junctions were localized in intestinal villi and glands of the duodenum, bronchiolar epithelia and alveolar walls of the lung, endometrium and myometrium of the hepatocytes, and the distal tubules and glomeruli of the kidney. These results suggest that tight junctions are differently expressed in organs, and therefore may be involved in organ-specific functions to maintain physiological homeostasis.</P>
Jin Ho Jang,Hye Ju Yeo,Taehwa Kim,Woo-Hyun Cho,Kyung Hoon Min,Sang-Bum Hong,Ae-Rin Baek,Hyun-Kyung Lee,Changhwan Kim,Youjin Chang,Hye Kyeong Park,Jee Youn Oh,Heung Bum Lee,Soohyun Bae,Jae Young Moon,유 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.4
Background/Aims: Most studies on hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) have been conducted in intensive care unit (ICU) settings. This study aimed to investigate the microbiological and clinical characteristics of non-ICU-acquired pneumonia (NIAP) and to identify the factors affecting clinical outcomes in Korea. Methods: This multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients admitted to 13 tertiary hospitals between July 1, 2019 and December 31, 2019. Patients diagnosed with NIAP were included in this study. To assess the prognostic factors of NIAP, the study population was classified into treatment success and failure groups. Results: Of 526 patients with HAP, 379 were diagnosed with NIAP. Overall, the identified causative pathogen rate was 34.6% in the study population. Among the isolated organisms (n = 113), gram-negative bacilli were common pathogens (n = 91), such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 25), Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 23), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 21). The multidrug resistance rates of A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae were 91.3%, 76.0%, and 57.1%, respectively. Treatment failure was significantly associated with K. pneumoniae (odds ratio [OR], 3.50; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35 to 9.05; p = 0.010), respiratory viruses (OR, 3.81; 95% CI, 1.34 to 10.82; p = 0.012), hematological malignancies (OR, 3.54; 95% CI, 1.57 to 8.00; p = 0.002), and adjunctive corticosteroid treatment (OR, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.27 to 4.52; p = 0.007). Conclusions: The causative pathogens of NIAP in Korea are predominantly gram-negative bacilli with a high rate of multidrug resistance. These were not different from the common pathogens of ICU-acquired pneumonia.
( Jin Ho Jang ),( Hye Ju Yeo ),( Tae Hwa Kim ),( Woo Hyun Cho ),( Kyung Hoon Min ),( Sang-bum Hong ),( Ae-rin Baek ),( Hyung-kyung Lee ),( Changhwan Kim ),( Youjin Chang ),( Hye Kyeong Park ),( Jee Yo 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.129 No.0
Background Frailty is an important risk factor for adverse health-related outcomes. It is classified into several phenotypes such as nutritional frailty, sarcopenia, and physical frailty according to nutrition state and physical activity. In previous studies, we found a significant association between physical inactivity and nutritional status on the clinical outcomes in various respiratory infection. In this context, we investigated whether frailty phenotypes was related to clinical outcome of hospital-acquired pneumonia. Methods This multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted with a total of 206,372 patients admitted to 13 tertiary hospitals in Korea from July 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019. The patients were divided into four groups according to physical inactivity and malnutrition; nutritional frailty (malnutrition and physical inactivity, GNRI <82 & CFS ≥4), malnutrition (malnutrition only, GNRI <82 & CFS <4), physical frailty (physical inactive only, GNRI ≥82 & CFS ≥4) and normal (GNRI≥82 & CFS <4). Clinical characteristics and outcomes were analyzed through the comparison between the four groups. Results Among phenotypes, physical frailty group was most common (39.4%) and then nutritional frailty (30.2%), normal (20.6%), malnutrition (9.8%). There was a significant difference in hospital survival and home discharge between the four phenotypes (64.8%, p = 0.009), and the nutritional frailty group was the poorest in hospital survival and home discharge (64.8%, 34.6%, respectively). Hospital mortality was significantly associated with connective tissue disease, hematological malignancies, solid malignant tumors, physical inactivity and initial SOFA score. And the failure of home discharge was significantly associated with physical inactivity and malnutrition. Conclusions There were difference in clinical outcomes according to the four phenotypes of HAP. Hospital survival and home discharge were significantly lower in the order of nutritional frailty, physical frailty, malnutrition, and normal phenotypes. The classification of phenotypes may helpful to clinically predict response of treatment in HAP.
You, Young-Jun,Kim, Yongjin,Cheun, Hyeunseok,Shin, Changhwan,Kim, Do Young,Lee, Jae Hak,Song, Joon Yub,Lee, Jae Woo,Lee, Sae Youn,Ju, Byeong-Kwon,Shim, Jae Won IOP 2019 Nanotechnology Vol.30 No.26
<P>Herein, we introduce an interdigitated horizontal electrode (IHE) structure with a metal-based electron-collecting (or -injecting) electrode and a hole-collecting (or -injecting) electrode composed of a conductive polymeric material that has a nanoscale distance and is horizontally separated. In the IHE, a metal electrode is fabricated on a silicon-oxide substrate, and a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) is selectively bonded to the metal and the oxide to form a conductive polymer electrode by dip coating. Each of the SAM materials is composed of a head part bonded to the substrate surface and a tail part that is hydrophilic or hydrophobic. This inherent property makes the metal electrode hydrophobic and the oxide substrate hydrophilic. Ag is used as a metal electrode material and is combined with alkanethiol SAMs. The alkylsilane SAMs are combined with the silicon oxide substrate to make them hydrophilic, using poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly (PEDOT: PSS) as the conductive polymer material. In this study, we have found that there is a difference in the spacing between the two electrodes that depends on the combination of SAM materials. Each interval was spaced from a minimum of 140 nm to a maximum of 385 nm.</P>