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( Marco Brambilla ),( Giusy Manuela Adamo ),( Gianni Frascotti ),( Danilo Porro ),( Paola Branduardi ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.2
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most employed cell factories for the production of bioproducts. Although monomeric hexose sugars constitute the preferential carbon source, this yeast can grow on a wide variety of nitrogen sources that are catabolized through central nitrogen metabolism (CNM). To evaluate the effects of internal perturbations on nitrogen utilization, we characterized strains deleted or overexpressed in GLT1, encoding for one of the key enzymes of the CNM node, the glutamate synthase. These strains, together with the parental strain as control, have been cultivated in minimal medium formulated with ammonium sulfate, glutamate, or glutamine as nitrogen source. Growth kinetics, together with the determination of protein content, viability, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation at the single cell level, revealed that GLT1 modulations do not significantly influence the cellular physiology, whereas the nitrogen source does. As important exceptions, GLT1 deletion negatively affected the scavenging activity of glutamate against ROS accumulation, when cells were treated with H2O2, whereas Glt1p overproduction led to lower viability in glutamine medium. Overall, this confirms the robustness of the CNM node against internal perturbations, but, at the same time, highlights its plasticity in respect to the environment. Considering that side-stream protein-rich waste materials are emerging as substrates to be used in an integrated biorefinery, these results underline the importance of preliminarily evaluating the best nitrogen source not only for media formulation, but also for the overall economics of the process.
Optical microfiber coupler for broadband single-mode operation
Jung, Yongmin,Brambilla, Gilberto,Richardson, David J. The Optical Society 2009 Optics express Vol.17 No.7
<P>We present a broadband single-mode bi-conical microfiber coupler (MFC) with a specifically designed transition region that effectively suppresses any higher-order modes present at the input fiber and provides efficient power splitting into the fundamental mode at the two output ports. As a practical example, single-mode 3-dB splitting operation over a broad spectral window (400 approximately 1700 nm) was demonstrated for a very thin taper waist approximately 1.5 microm) MFC made from conventional telecom optical fibers.</P>
Adiabatically tapered splice for selective excitation of the fundamental mode in a multimode fiber.
Jung, Yongmin,Jeong, Yoonchan,Brambilla, Gilberto,Richardson, David J Optical Society of America 2009 Optics letters Vol.34 No.15
<P>We propose a simple and effective method to selectively excite the fundamental mode of a multimode fiber by adiabatically tapering a fusion splice to a single-mode fiber. We experimentally demonstrate the method by adiabatically tapering splice (taper waist=15 microm, uniform length=40 mm) between single-mode and multimode fiber and show that it provides a successful mode conversion/connection and allows for almost perfect fundamental mode excitation in the multimode fiber. Excellent beam quality (M(2) approximately 1.08) was achieved with low loss and high environmental stability.</P>
Development of a Small-size Embedded Optical Microfiber Coil Resonator with High Q
윤민석,김현주,Gilberto Brambilla,한영근 한국물리학회 2012 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.61 No.9
We fabricate a small-size embedded optical microfiber coil resonators (OMCRs) with a high Qfactor and investigate the dependence of the transmission characteristics of the OMCRs on the microfiber diameter and the OMCR diameter. Various microfibers with different diameters of 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3 μm are fabricated by using a micro-tapering technique and are then coiled onto silica support rods. OMCRs are embedded by using a polymer with a low refractive index. When a 2.1-μm-diameter microfiber is coiled around a 10-mm-diameter silica support, a Q-factor of 1.0 × 105 is obtained, and the free spectral range, the full width at half maximum, and the extinction ratio are measured to be 50 pm, 15 pm, and 3.8 dB, respectively. The Q-factor also has a strong dependence on the OMCR diameter.
Federico Piccioni,Andrea Doronzio,Rossella Brambilla,Marica Melis,Martin Langer 대한마취통증의학회 2017 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.70 No.3
Background: Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is used to manage postoperative pain. Postoperatively, some patients need to be re-instructed on its correct use. This study explores the efficacy of re-instruction and illustrates a comprehensive version of the Silverman integrated approach (C-SIA), based on the integration of static and dynamic pain scores, morphine consumption, and the ratio between demanded and delivered PCA boluses (the DD ratio). Methods: In total, 50 patients operated on for colorectal surgery were studied retrospectively. The change in DD ratio after re-instruction was analyzed as the primary endpoint. Re-instructed and not re-instructed subjects were compared according to DD ratio, pain scores, and morphine consumption. A secondary comparison was performed using the SIA and C-SIA scores, to illustrate the reliability of the latter tool. Agreement between C-SIA and SIA score was assessed using a Bland-Altman analysis. Results: In re-instructed patients, the DD ratio decreased after re-education (P = 0.011). Re-instructed patients had higher DD ratios (P = 0.018) and pain scores at rest (P = 0.024) and movement (P = 0.012) at 24 h after surgery than not re-instructed subjects. These differences disappeared at the 48 h visit. Both the SIA and C-SIA scores reflected these findings. C-SIA scores showed a higher coefficient of correlation with the DD ratio (r = 0.815; P < 0.001) than SIA scores (r = 0.663; P < 0.001). The C-SIA scores, in absolute values, being based on more variables, were, on average, 2.5 times the SIA score. Conclusions: Re-instruction is effective for optimizing PCA therapy. The C-SIA is an alternative to the SIA score that gives an overall measure of PCA therapy efficacy.
Priscila Vaz de Arruda,Júlio César dos Santos,Rita de Cássia Lacerda Brambilla Rodrigues,Débora Danielle Virgínio da Silva,Celina Kiyomi Yamakawa,George Jackson de Moraes Rocha,Jonas Nolasco Júnior,Jo 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.47 No.-
In this study, volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient (kLa) was selected as a criterion for facilitatingthe scale up of xylitol production by Candida guilliermondii at the bench and pilot-scale level. A kLa valueof 16 h 1 was applied in reactors with volumetric capacity of 2.4 L, 18 L and 125 L. Fermentation wassuccessfully scaled-up from the bench to pilot-scale level with all experiments demonstrating aminimum of 60% xylose to xylitol conversion efficiency. Under all evaluated conditions glycerol andethanol were also produced as by-products of xylose metabolism. Only minor differences were observedin the fermentation profile when reactor volumes ranging from 2.4 L to 125 L were used forexperimentation purposes, reaching, at pilot scale, yield and volumetric productivity of 0.55 g g 1and 0.31 g L 1 h 1, respectively, with maximum specific growth rate of 0.26 h 1. This demonstrates andreinforces the feasibility of using kLa as scale up criterion. The use of this parameter allowed precisereproduction of results obtained at bench bioreactor level to a larger scale; this is extremely crucial andimportant information considering that the aim of the proposed biotechnological process is to reach thelevel required for the industrial viability.
In Vitro Stimulation of Murine Peritoneal Monocytes Induced by Alginates
Paolo Pasquali,Amy Zalcman,Susanna Murtas,Rosanna Adone,Gianfranco Brambilla,Franco Ciuchini,Monica Cagiola,Cinzia Marianelli 대한약학회 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.8
In this trial we assessed the effect of soluble alginates on murine cells. Mouse peritoneal monocytes were stimulated in vitro with a solution of alginate. The production of TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO), the expression of surface molecules CD80 and CD86, and the ability of monocytes to phagocyte bacteria were assessed, in order to evaluate the effect of alginate on cell functionality. We showed that mouse peritoneal monocytes stimulated with alginate produce NO and TNF-α. In addition, alginate is able also to increase their phagocytic activity and to a lesser extent also to increase the expression of CD80. Even with different degrees, it implies that alginates per se act directly on immune response, being able to effectively stimulate proinflammatory activity. These findings corroborate the idea that alginates can represent interesting adjuvants to use to increase the efficacy of antigenic stimulation.
Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Subjects Affected by Iron-Deficiency Anemia
Jari Intra,Giuseppe Limonta,Fabrizio Cappellini,Maria Bertona,Paolo Brambilla 대한당뇨병학회 2019 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.43 No.4
Previous studies have suggested that iron-deficiency anemia affects glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurements, but the results were contradictory. We conducted a retrospective case-control study to determine the effects of iron deficiency on HbA1c levels. Starting with the large computerized database of the Italian Hospital of Desio, including data from 2000 to 2016, all non-pregnant individuals older than 12 years of age with at least one measurement of HbA1c, cell blood count, ferritin, and fasting blood glucose on the same date of blood collection were enrolled. A total of 2,831 patients met the study criteria. Eighty-six individuals were diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia, while 2,745 had a normal iron state. The adjusted means of HbA1c were significantly higher in anemic subjects (5.59% [37.37 mmol/mol]), than those measured in individuals without anemia (5.34% [34.81 mmol/mol]) (P<0.0001). These results suggest that clinicians should be cautious about diagnosing prediabetes and diabetes in individuals with anemia.
Biagio Ricciuti,Giulia Costanza Leonardi,Noemi Ravaioli,Andrea De Giglio,Marta Brambilla,Enrico Prosperi,Franca Ribacchi,Marialuisa Meacci,Lucio Crinio,Daniele Maiettini,Rita Chiari,Giulio Metro 한국유방암학회 2016 Journal of breast cancer Vol.19 No.3
Breast cancer metastases to the gastrointestinal tract are very rare occurrences. Among the histological subtypes of breast cancer, invasive lobular carcinomas have a high capacity of metastasis to uncommon sites including the stomach. Conversely, there has not been sufficient evidence supporting the gastric metastasis of invasive ductal carcinoma. Herein, we report a unique case of metastatic ductal breast carcinoma mimicking primary linitis plastica in a male patient, particularly focusing on the clinical and pathological features of presentation. Moreover, we propose a immunohistochemical panel of selected antibodies including those for cytokeratin 20, cytokeratin 7, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, E-cadherin, gross cystic disease fluid protein 15, and GATA binding protein 3 for an accurate differential diagnosis.
In Vitro Stimulation of Murine Peritoneal Monocytes Induced by Alginates
Pasquali Paolo,Zalcman Amy,Murtas Susanna,Adone Rosanna,Brambilla Gianfranco,Marianelli Cinzia,Cagiola Monica,Ciuchini Franco The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.8
In this trial we assessed the effect of soluble alginates on murine cells. Mouse peritoneal monocytes were stimulated in vitro with a solution of alginate. The production of $TNF-\alpha$ and nitric oxide (NO), the expression of surface molecules CD80 and CD86, and the ability of monocytes to phagocyte bacteria were assessed, in order to evaluate the effect of alginate on cell functionality. We showed that mouse peritoneal monocytes stimulated with alginate produce NO and $TNF-\alpha$. In addition, alginate is able also to increase their phagocytic activity and to a lesser extent also to increase the expression of CD80. Even with different degrees, it implies that alginates per se act directly on immune response, being able to effectively stimulate proinflammatory activity. These findings corroborate the idea that alginates can represent interesting adjuvants to use to increase the efficacy of antigenic stimulation.