Unveiling Gender Differences in Visual Metaphor Interpretation in Indian Banking Print Advertising

Partha Das , Ankit Basak,Ankit Basak,Gaurav Vaidya,Gurdeep Singh,Gobida Banik,Manoj Majh 한국디자인학회 2024 디자인학연구 Vol.37 No.4

Background In today’s modern world economy, businesses and financial institutions often use advertisements to attract customers and to establish brand image. Print ads are one of the important sources of disseminating information, especially in India’s banking sector. However, little is known about gender preferences and their impact on Indian banking print advertisements. Exploring visual metaphors in banking print ads is crucial to understanding interpretation patterns and inferences among genders, 1) enabling designers to create more effective ads. The current paper aims to elucidate the exploration of the interpretation of both genders (male and female) towards the banking print ads ‘with visual metaphors’ and ‘without visual metaphors’. The insights gained would further help potential designers know about the preferences and likes of people across genders and use that information to create ads more effectively. Methods A three-month online survey was conducted on 102 participants (51 males and 51 females) to gather data on their interpretations of ads related to car loans, education loans, and fixed deposits in the banking sector. The data was analyzed quantitatively using independent t-tests for ‘advertisement liking’ (‘ad-liking’) and qualitatively using the content analysis approach to gather inferences. Results Quantitative analysis showed that the use of ‘visual metaphors’ in banking product ads affected mean scores differently across genders. Females consistently scored higher in ads ‘with visual metaphors,’ while males showed greater variability. However, the difference between groups ‘with visual metaphors’ and ‘without visual metaphors’ was not substantial. Further qualitative analysis was needed to determine if any differences lie in interpreting ads by participants from both genders. The results of the qualitative study signify the thematic resonance between the male and female psyche in advertisements. Males, traditionally family breadwinners, portrayed finance and analytics themes more pragmatically. Conversely, females displayed a broader analytical attitude and emotional depth, engaging with the advertisements beyond the financial narrative. Their indirect linkage of education with freedom and opportunity portrayed aspiration and empowerment, reflecting societal demand for change. Conclusions This study uses visual metaphor-based ads and non-metaphor-based ads to examine the design and reception of advertisements in the banking sector. The study highlights the need for advertisers to create messages that resonate on multiple levels, transcending traditional gender roles. The insights inform marketers to create advertisements that capture attention, inspire change, and resonate with human aspirations, ultimately boosting sales and revenue. The study provides a preliminary understanding and encourages further, more in-depth research on the topic in the future.

Pretreatment of polysaccharidic wastes with cellulolytic <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> for enhanced production of biohythane in a dual-stage process

Basak, Bikram,Saha, Shouvik,Chatterjee, Pradip K.,Ganguly, Amit,Woong Chang, Soon,Jeon, Byong-Hun Elsevier Applied Science 2020 Bioresource Technology Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Biological pretreatment of polysaccharidic wastes (PWs) is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach to improve the digestibility and utilization of these valuable substrates in dual-stage biohythane production. In order to reduce the prolonged incubation time and loss of carbohydrate during the pretreatment of PWs with <I>Aspergillus fumigatus</I>, a systematic optimization using Taguchi methodology resulted in an unprecedented recovery of soluble carbohydrates (362.84 mg g<SUP>−1</SUP>) within 5 days. The disruption and fragmentation of lignocellulosic structures in PWs, and possible saccharification of cellulose and hemicellulose components, increased its digestibility. A dual-stage biohythane production with pretreated PWs showed increased yield (214.13 mL g<SUP>−1</SUP> VS<SUB>added</SUB>), which was 56% higher than the corresponding value with the untreated PWs. This resulted in 47% higher energy recovery as biohythane in pretreated biomass compared to untreated biomass. Optimized fungal pretreatment is, therefore, an effective method to improve the digestibility of PWs and its subsequent conversion to biohythane.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Optimization of fungal pretreatment reduced the pretreatment time and sugar loss. </LI> <LI> Optimized fungal pretreatment solubilized 53% of the total sugar. </LI> <LI> Dual-stage biohythane process resulted in 62% reduction in TS in pretreated biomass. </LI> <LI> Energy recovery as biohythane improved by 47% with fungal pretreated biomass. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

The Interplay Between Supervisor Safety Support and Occupational Health and Safety Vulnerability on Work Injury

Basak Yanar,Morgan Lay,Peter M. Smith 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2019 Safety and health at work Vol.10 No.2

Background: Workers exposed to hazards without adequate protections are at greater risk of injury and illness. Supervisor activities have also been associated with injury risk. We examined the interplay between supervisor safety support and occupational health and safety (OHS) vulnerability on workplace injury and illness. Methods: A survey was administered to 2,390 workers employed for more than 15 hrs/week in workplaces with at least five employees who had a direct supervisor. We examined the combined effects of hazard exposure with inadequate protection (OHS vulnerability) and supervisor support on workplace injury and illness, using additive interactions in log-binomial regression models. Results: OHS vulnerability and lack of supervisor support independently increased the likelihood of physical injuries at work. Crude and adjusted models showed that the risk of physical injury was at least 3.5 times higher among those experiencing both OHS vulnerability and a lack of supervisor support than individuals without OHS vulnerability and with a supportive direct supervisor.Workers who experienced vulnerability were at less risk if they had a supervisor who was supportive. Conclusion: In workplaces where workers experience one or more types of OHS vulnerability, having a supportive supervisor may play an important role in reducing the risk of injury and protecting workers.

Process kinetic studies of biohydrogen production by co-fermentation of fruit-vegetable wastes and cottage cheese whey

Basak, Bikram,Fatima, Adiba,Jeon, Byong-Hun,Ganguly, Amit,Chatterjee, Pradip Kumar,Dey, Apurba Elsevier 2018 Energy for sustainable development Vol.47 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Hydrogen (H<SUB>2</SUB>) is considered as fuel for future and its biological production from renewable feedstocks is very promising. Dark fermentation of fruit-vegetable waste (FVW) and cottage cheese whey (CCW) for the production of H<SUB>2</SUB> constitutes a promising way for combining energy generation and lignocellulosic waste management. In this work, process kinetics of biohydrogen production via dark fermentation of FVW and CCW by pretreated anaerobic sludge inocula were investigated. To inhibit H<SUB>2</SUB> consuming methanogens, the effects of various inoculum pretreatment, viz., 2-bromoethanesulfonate, heat-shock, acid, alkali, UV, and ultrasonication on H<SUB>2</SUB>-production were investigated which revealed 2-bromoethanesulfonate, heat-shock and acid-treated inoculum resulted in maximum bioH<SUB>2</SUB> production and yield of 118.12 ± 1.05, 93.37 ± 1.3, 96.32 mMol/L and 1.66, 1.22 ± 0.01, 1.39 ± 0.02 mMol/gCOD<SUB>initial</SUB>, respectively. The effects of system initial pH, substrate to inoculum (<I>S</I> <SUB> <I>0</I> </SUB> <I>/X</I> <SUB> <I>0</I> </SUB>) and carbon to nitrogen (<I>C/N</I>) ratio on H<SUB>2</SUB>-production were evaluated which revealed maximum H<SUB>2</SUB> production and yield could be achieved at pH 7, <I>S</I> <SUB> <I>0</I> </SUB> <I>/X</I> <SUB> <I>0</I> </SUB> of 10.6 g<SUB>COD</SUB>/g<SUB>VS</SUB>, and <I>C/N</I> 26.8. Modified Gompertz model and Modified Logistic model were used to define various kinetic parameters pertaining to cumulative H<SUB>2</SUB>-production which showed high <I>R</I> <SUP>2</SUP> values (≥0.98). The influence of pH on H<SUB>2</SUB> and ethanol/volatile fatty acids production kinetics were evaluated using Andrew's and Ratkowsky's model showing relatively good <I>R</I> <SUP>2</SUP> values (≥0.62). Remarkably high production of ethanol (2.43 ± 0.28 mg/L) was noticed alongside H<SUB>2</SUB> production at pH 7 suggesting that bioethanol can be recovered at the end of fermentative H<SUB>2</SUB> production. Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism and 16s rDNA sequencing revealed dominance of 9 bacterial species such as <I>Escherichia coli</I>, <I>Clostridium butyricum</I>, <I>Streptococcus henryi</I>, and 6 others uncultured bacteroides. This research determined different kinetic parameters for an enhanced H<SUB>2</SUB> production strategy by co-fermentation of FVW and CCW providing an understanding of process behavior which will in turn help in the upscaling of the H<SUB>2</SUB>-production processes.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Various inoculum pretreatments were evaluated to maximize H<SUB>2</SUB> production. </LI> <LI> Characterization of H<SUB>2</SUB> production from co-fermentation of fruit-vegetable waste and cheese whey. </LI> <LI> Kinetic analyses of H<SUB>2</SUB> production using various unstructured mathematical models. </LI> <LI> Microbial population analysis of consortium was conducted using t-RFLP and 16s rDNA sequencing. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Prevalence and patterns of tooth agenesis among patients aged 12–22 years: A retrospective study

Basak Kiziltan Eliacik,Cafer Atas,Gunseli Guven Polat 대한치과교정학회 2021 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.51 No.5

Objective: This study aimed to establish the prevalence and patterns of nonsyndromic tooth agenesis in patients referred to a tertiary health care facility. Methods: The intraoral records and panoramic radiographs of 9,874 patients aged 12–22 years were evaluated. The study group included 716 patients (371 male, 345 female) with non-syndromic agenesis of at least one tooth (except the third molars). The study data were assessed using descriptive statistics, chisquare test, and Mann–Whitney U test, while patterns were evaluated using a tooth agenesis code (TAC) tool. Results: A total of 1,627 congenitally missing teeth, were found in patients with non-syndromic tooth agenesis, with an average of 2.27 missing teeth per patient. The prevalence of tooth agenesis was 7.25%, and the most commonly missing teeth were the left mandibular second premolars (10.17%). The age group comparison revealed no significant difference in the median number of missing teeth per patient according to the cutoff values for ages between 12 and 22 years. When the missing teeth were examined separately according to quadrants, 114 different tooth agenesis patterns (upper right quadrant = 28, upper left quadrant = 27, lower left quadrant = 31, and lower right quadrant = 28) were identified, and 81 of these patterns appeared only once. Conclusions: This study highlights the benefits of applying the TAC tool in a large sample population. The application of the TAC tool in such studies will enable the development of template treatment plans by determining homogenous patterns of tooth agenesis in certain populations.

The Voice of the imperial in an Anti-imperialist Tone: George Orwell`s Burmese Days

( Basak Agin Donmez ) 경희대학교 비교문화연구소 2012 비교문화연구 Vol.28 No.-

First published in 1934, George Orwell`s Burmese Days, which can be read as an example of both descriptive realism and fictional realism, is considered to be a colonial example of British literature because of its publication date. However, based on the personal experience of the author as an imperial officer in Burma, the novel has an anti-imperialist tone, which can also make it possible to read it through postcolonial eyes. As a result, the novel stands as an example of ambivalence since it has both the colonial and the postcolonial perspective; both the colonizer and the colonized are portrayed with their own flaws, adding to the impact of what can be called "Third Space." This is why the voice of the imperial is heard in an anti-imperialist tone in Burmese Days, through which Orwell presents a critique of colonialism with a from-within approach.

The effects of microwave power and dielectric properties on the microwave-assisted decomposition kinetics of AIBN in n-butanol

Basak Temur Ergan,Mahmut Bayramoglu 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.1

The effects of microwave power and solvent–reactant dielectric properties on the kinetics of the decomposition of AIBN in n-butanol were investigated. According to the kinetic data, k increases with increasing microwave power, the dependence becomes stronger at high temperature. The Arrhenius parameters (Ea,mw, k0,mw) were higher than thermal counterparts. To elucidate the nature of microwave effect on chemical reactions, various models to relate the Arrhenius parameters to temperature,microwave power and the dielectric properties of the reaction medium were developed, nonlinear regression analysis was performed to estimate the model parameters and statistical analysis was conducted for model evaluation.

Homocysteine and Fibrinogen Changes with L-thyroxine in Subclinical Hypothyroid Patients

Basak Cakal,Erman Cakal,Berrin Demirbas,Mesut Ozkaya,Selma Karaahmetoglu,Rustu Serter,Yalcin Aral 대한의학회 2007 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.22 No.3

Case Reports : Successful Treatment of Hydroxychloroquine-Induced Recalcitrant Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis with Cyclosporine: Case Report and Literature Review

( Basak Yalcın ),( Seray Cakmak ),( Betul Yıldırım ) 대한피부과학회 2015 Annals of Dermatology Vol.27 No.4

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a cutaneous reaction principally induced by drugs. Spontaneous resolution is observed in most patients. However, severe cases required systemic corticosteroid administration. Hydroxychloroquine, which is used to treat some dermatologic and rheumatologic diseases because of its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, is an uncommon cause of AGEP. A 67-year-old female patient presented with severe AGEP due to hydroxychloroquine treatment. She was recalcitrant to supportive care and systemic corticosteroid treatment butwas successfully treated with cyclosporine. Hydroxychloroquine-induced AGEP occurs in women with underlying rheumatologic diseases, has a longer latent period, and has a severe course usually requiring systemic treatment. (Ann Dermatol 27(4) 431∼434, 2015)

A New Approach to Fingerprint Detection Using a Combination of Minutiae Points and Invariant Moments Parameters

Basak, Sarnali,Islam, Md. Imdadul,Amin, M.R. Korea Information Processing Society 2012 Journal of information processing systems Vol.8 No.3

Different types of fingerprint detection algorithms that are based on extraction of minutiae points are prevalent in recent literature. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm to locate the virtual core point/centroid of an image. The Euclidean distance between the virtual core point and the minutiae points is taken as a random variable. The mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis of the random variable are taken as the statistical parameters of the image to observe the similarities or dissimilarities among fingerprints from the same or different persons. Finally, we verified our observations with a moment parameter-based analysis of some previous works.