한국기독교사 자료연구 28 : 이병주 (李秉周) 전도사의 3.1 운동 체험기

이병주 한국기독교역사학회 1990 한국기독교사연구회소식 Vol.30 No.-

정 송강과 그의 가사(歌辭)

이병주 한국국어교육학회 1968 새국어교육 Vol.11 No.1

인체형 매니퓰레이터의 기구학적 해석

이병주,김선필 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1999 工學技術論文集 Vol.8 No.1

일반적인 로봇 매니퓰래이터에서는 필요 이상으로 관절공간에서 소모되는 에너지가 많은 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 논문에서는 직렬형 로봇 매니퓰래이터의 관절공간에서의 에너지 소모현상에 대한 해석을 수행하고 인체의 근육구조를 활용한 인체형 로봇에서는 이러한 에너지 소모현상을 최소화할 수 있음을 정성적인 해석을 통하여 소개하고자 한다. 본 논문의 연구결과는 에너지 소모를 최소화하는 원격로봇 시스템에 유용하게 적용될 수 있으리라 기대한다. It is known that energy is consumed more than required in the joint space of manipulators. In this paper, we perform analysis on the energy consumption for a serial robot manipulator and propose that the energy consumption can be minimized when employing an anthropomorphic robot resembling the musculoskeletal structure of the human upper extremity. The result of this study can be effectively employed to remote control applications which require energy saying.

殺蟲劑에 依한 淘汰系 집파리(Musca domestica vicina L.)의 殺蟲劑抵抗性 發展에 關한 實驗的 硏究

李炳主,賓順德 우석대학교 의과대학 1971 우석의대잡지 Vol.8 No.1

Extensive studies have been carried out during the past 20 years on the induction of resistance in the houseflies by selection pressure with a number of insecticides applied both on the larvae and on the adults. It is generally known that the resistant strains of houseflies to organic hydrochiorinated compounds are susceptible to organophorous compounds. The mechanism of resistance development in many insects has been much studied from the point of gene-enzyme relationships. This paper describes the result of cross-resistance characteristics observed on the Seoul strain of houseflies developed resistance from selection pressure by dieldrin, γ-BHC, DDT and malathion. The houseflies were reared for five generations for control testing of a normal standard strain. The resistant strains were produced by means of topical applical application of the insecticide dissolved in acetone using the LD_(10) level of each chemical. Thus, selection pressure from different agents was made for 5 to 25 generations and periodical determination of the LD_(50) values to insecticides that were not used in selection was followed. Resistant ratios were computed by comparing the LD_(50) values of the resistant strains with the normal strains. The characteristics of development of cross-resistance was analysed, using a technique of probit method, as illustrated with dosage mortality regression lines. The following results were obtained; 1. The selected flies with dieldrin developed remarkable resistance to dieldrin. Existence of cross-resistance between dieldrin and γ-BHC, DDT was obtained, and that of malathion wasn't obtained. 2. It was noted that the selected flies with γ-BHC developed rapidly resistance to γ-BHC. Crossresistance was obtained between dieldrin and DDT, while it was not obtained in case of malathion. 3. The selected flies with DDT developed resistance to DDT and cross-resistance was obtained between DDT and dieldrin, γ-BHC. But it wasn't obtained in case of malathion. 4. It was noted the selected flies with malathion developed little resistance to dieldrin and DDT, and that of γ-BHC developed resistance.

중국의 한국전 개입과 그 영향

李炳柱 경북대학교 환태평양연구소 1990 環太平洋硏究 Vol.3 No.-

Hawthorne의 New England Myth

李秉柱 한국현대영어영문학회 1988 현대영어영문학 Vol.30 No.1

杜工部集 界畏

李丙疇 東國大學校 1967 論文集 Vol.3-4 No.-

다음에 두공부집의 잔존을 요람하기 위해, 1958년 현재 성도두보초당 수장 두시서목과, 1959년 증보한 서목과, 기타 각소장 목록을 참호하여 보충을 꾀하고, 아울러 아방소간의 두공부집일람을 곁들여 참조에 공한다. 이는 오로지 동학을 위한 스사론 제휴와, 이에 침잠하는 동호에 이받고자 보태는 아호임을 고백하여 둔다. 흔히 두시라면 간삽을 탄하여 도독으로 넘기고, 혹은 두시안해를 장하여 계수와 빈수를 따짐이 통폐이지만, 이독두의 맛은 반추할수록 더운 오묘해진다 함이 또한 전현의 통언이다. 따라서 아득한 풍소 이래의 예술을 자재로 주름잡은 두시는 전수의 전서를 다리로 삼아 그 상승의 온오를 두드리지 않으면 도노에 불외하다 시의 고금은커녕 양의 동서가 한가지로 찬연의 보고로 받드는 그 실상과, 그리고 고금의 박람연학의 혜안을 앗은 소이를 샅샅이 새길 필요가 여기에 있다. 이른바 불후의 예술이 간직한 위대성은 문자가 존재하는 한, 저 거제와 더불어 찬란함을 새삼 깨닫게 한다. 다음에 열거한 두시서목은 모두가 두보의 문학을 더위잡은 앙금이요, 지게미요, 겉물임이 틀림없으매, 짓숙는 느낌 또한 새로워짐 감출 길 없다.

李ㆍ杜優劣論 索隱 : 郭沫若의 '李白與杜甫'를 中心으로 With special Reference to Kuo Mu-juo's Li Po and Tu Fu

李丙疇 동국대학교 한국학연구소 1976 韓國學硏究 Vol.1 No.-

Kuo Mu-juo(郭沫若)'s Li Po and Tu Fu(李白興杜甫), published in Peiping in November 1971, has attracted wide scholastic attention. The reason is that, firstly, the author is one of the leading figures in the political as well as literary world of Communist China, and, secondly, the work is a landmark in that it radically detracts from the sensational fame of Tu Fu in line with the Cultural Revolution which took place in July 1966. Tu Fu commanded the highest respect of the public before the Cultural Revolution. Fung Chih(馮至)'s Biography of Tu Fu(1953, 杜甫傳) and Siao Ti-fei(蕭滌非)'s A Study of Tu Fu(1957, 杜甫硏究) may be said to be two remarkable works on Tu Fu authored by young schlolars under the influence of Mao Tse-tung(毛澤東)'s cultural policy. Owing to these works, the greatness of Tu Fu was widely recognized and the socialistic ideas in Tu Fu's poetry were well recognized and highly valued. Tu Fu, who lived more than 1,200 years ago, gives an impression of having been reincarnated for the Communist Party of China. Anthologies of Tu Fu's poems and studies on Tu Fu have been published one after another in various parts of china, thereby accelerating the movement to establish Tu Fu as the greatest of the Peolpe's Poet. Amid this fanfare, in 1962, Communist China hosted a large international meeting to commemorate the 1,250th year of birth of Tu Fu, where foreign scholars were also invited. Kuo Mu-juo was the chairman of this gathering. In his opening address, Kuo praised Tu Fu as the greatest poet that China had ever produced. After the meeting, foreign scholars were invited to take part in a sightseeing tour by airplane over memorial places related with Tu Fu. According to Togi Zen-maro,(土岐善??), a Japaness scholar who participated in the event, a library in the city of Chengtu(成都) was dedicated to the exclusive study of Tu Fu, and The Cottage of Wanhoa(浣花草堂記) where Tu Fu used to live was made into a sanctuary. But, to our surprise, this fanfare in honor of Tu Fu was suddenly toned down after the Cultural Revolution of 1966. The hero of 10 years ago now had become an object of bitter criticism. What was the reason for this sudden change? Was it because the stability attained by better living conditions led to favoring the romanticism of Li Po? At any rate the key to solve this problem should be found in The Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung which is cited in the preface of Kuo's work: With regards to the literary works of the past, the first thing for us of the proletariat class to have in mind is to examine what attitude the author had toward the people and whether or not the works had any progressive conciousness in the process of history. Literary criticism should be based on this examination. Kuo is apparently stressing the importance of democratic and revolutionary themes in literary works, which he thinks is a prerequisite to the development of new culture of the nation. This criterion set forth by Kuo is sure to have played a major role in the defamation of Tu Fu, whose personality contained some aspects to be criticized from such a viewpoint. Tu Fu showed a strong consciousness of social commitment, respect for lineage and fame, and abundant patriotism. He wrote also many poems dedicated to the rulers. This personality of Tu Fu's is compared by Kuo with that of Li Po who enjoyed nature and showed a strong repugnance to those who sought after favors of the rulers by flattery of bribery. The spear of Kuo's attack on Tu Fu is especially directed to Tu Fu's life as a landlord, who had servants and considerable land holdings including orange orchards. Tu Fu was very generous to poor farmers who sometimes stole fruits from his orchards. But according to Kuo, this generosity of Tu Fu's is but a hypocrisy. And he appreciates Li Po's participation in an uprising, saying that the action was really democratic and revolutionary. To discredit Tu Fu, who was honored with the title of People's Poet, on the grounds of his Buddhist faith, his admiration of the literati class and his participation in social affairs is to do him wrong. For his strong patriotism and genuine affection toward the common people unquestionably prove such an assessment untenable. But Kuo blames the young scholars for not having rooted out the seeds of Confucianism from their hearts. Kuo points out that more than 21 percent of Tu Fu's poems are related with drinking, while only 16 percent of Li Po's poems deal with the same theme. In any case, Kuo Mu-juo's Li Po and Tu Fu is a warning to the prevelent view which has held Tu Fu in the highest respect. The study is a distorted work written under the influence of the Cultural Revolution. It is simply shocking to observe that such a great difference can occur in the view of Tu Fu within a period of 10 years, and the work was written by no less a renowned poet of modern China than Kuo Mu-juo. But the question of who is more excellent, Li Po or Tu Fu, has been a source of constant controversy throughout the ages and is not likely to come to an end. Sometimes Tu Fu is admired and Li Po is rejected, and other times vice versa. Li Po is admittedly a genius never to be reached by human efforts, while Tu Fu is a poet who has proved the capacity of human efforts. On account of this capacity of Tu Fu's, students of poetry have made intensive studies of Tu Fu. In Korea, the attempts to delve into Tu Fu were largely confined to doing it indirectly, that is, by studying the works of Lu You(陸游) and Su Shih(蘇軾) of Sung(宋)'s representative poets. Thus an Annotated Version of Tu Fu's Poetry in Korean(Tu-si-On-Hae : 杜詩諺解) was published. The present Korean scholarship involving literature in Chinese characters is a continuation of this approach. This trend signifies that the Korean poetry in Chinese during the Yi Dynasty, which had been strongly influenced by Chinese poetry, was elevated to the level of the poetry of Tang which served to purify emotion rather than to that of Sung which sought after reason. Especially, Li Po was a poet of genius hardly to be emulated whereas Tu Fu was well read because of his accessible personality. In short, opulent, magnificent, lofty and gorgeous pure verse overpowered ineffable, eccentric, sharp-edged, vivid and crafty poetry. Thus the complete works of Tu Fu have been republished with annotations in five different versions including Chan-Ju-Pul-Lyu-Tu-Si(纂註分類杜詩 : Poetry of Tu Fu Classified and Annotated) rendered in bronze-type printing in A. D. 1434. Similarly, ten different versions of U-Ju-Tu-Yul(虞註杜律) and Cho-Ju-Tu-Yul(趙註杜律) containing selections of annotated poems including the version of A.D.1471 have been republished. Furthermore, the rhyme-based edition of Tu-Yul-Pun-Un(杜律分韻), which has been required reading for youths aspiring to take the civil service examinations, has been preserved in ten different versions including that of A.D. 1798. This sort of scholastic vogue climaxed in the publication in A. D. 1481 of Tu-Si-On-Hae, and the demand for Tu Fu has grown to such an extent that even now the edition of A.D. 1632 is being sold as an item of rarity at second-hand book-stores in Korea. Judging from all this, one may draw yet another comparison between Li Po and Tu Fu: In contrast with Li Po who only had one annotated edition of his complete works republished, Tu Fu's anthology is being cherished as being next in importance to the scriptures of Confucianism, the state ideology of the Yi Dynasty. This scholastic tradition is still kept alive in modern times so that a considerable number of studies have been published including my own Tu-Si-On-Hae-Pi-Ju(杜詩諺解批注 : Tu-Si-On-Hae with a Critical Commentary, 1958) and The Influence of Tu Fu's Poetry on Korean Literature(杜詩硏究 : 1970). In this manner, the literature of extravaganza of Li Po who sang of pleasures of wining and of atolling the moon has taken root in the form of poems and songs actually sung by a broad spectrum of the general public, whereas the literature of realism of Tu Fu who sought after reality has been preserved down to this day as a treasury of learned poetry which has been widely utilized in academic circles. As we know, Tu Fu's poems were translated into the vernacular Korean and were also adopted as one of the subjects for the state examination during the Yi Dynasty. However, it is to be noted that, in spite of this, Li po was never slighted. As Li Po can by no means attain to the artificiality of Tu Fu's, so Tu Fu can never reach the inspiration of Li Po's, Preference of Li Po or Tu Fu is but a personal matter. In this respect, I have a strong doubt whether such a delicate issue should really be used in politics for ideological campaigns.

기계-가음 간 경상누층군 내에 발달하는 단층계

이병주,황재하 대한지질학회 1994 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.1994 No.

无涯 梁柱東先生의 國文學

李丙疇 동국대학교 한국문학연구소 1988 한국문학연구 Vol.0 No.11

선생께서 생각하길 멈추시고 릉운의 건필을 놓고 가신지 어언 10년, 그러나 선생께서는 지금 이 자리에도 분명 오셔서 그 회심의 미소로 잇집을 드러내고 계시리라 믿는다. 혜성처럼 나타나 재학으로 닦아 공력으로 쌓아 놓으신 우람스런 금자탑은 길이 국어국문학과 더불어 찬란히 빛날 것을 믿어 의심치 않는다. 일찍이 “독서파만권 하필여유신”의 두보가 『호위육절』에서 “이조신여명구멸 불폐강하만고류”라고 자후한 거오가 바로 선생의 유훈임을 되새기며, 선생이야말로 명수천고의 거장이심을 다시금 받들어 올리며 연화대에 가부앉으신 곳을 우러러 삼가 재배를 올린다.