신발전주의 국가와 한국 영화산업의 진흥

황은정 경인행정학회 2017 경인행정학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10

사회다윈주의와 우생학이 19세기 말-20세기 초 미국 반이민정서 형성에 끼친 영향

황은정 한국세계문화사학회 2023 세계 역사와 문화 연구 Vol.- No.66

This study focused on analyzing the impact of social darwinism and eugenics of the development of the anti-immigration sentiment from the late 19th to early 20th century. In the late 19th, as anti-immigration sentiment that based on racism spreaded among the working class, conservative politicians, strong federal immigration regulations were urged. As a result, the immigration policy in the United States has shifted to the restrictionist policy. Social darwinism and eugenics were huge part of the development of this anti-immigration sentiment. Social darwinists and eugenicist explained social injustice based on racism as the providence of nature and made people rank by race. These social darwinism and eugenics became an ideological mechanism of the anti-immigration policy and made a theoretical basis for proving the need and necessity for the anti-immigration policy by having a profound influence on political and intellectual circles. Furthermore, as these views are expressed throughout the cultural world, a stereotyped racist bias was formed in the public. And the perception that races were unequal and American society was being degenerated by inferior races had been formed. As anti-immigration protocols were strengthened and reproduced in these ways, they pressured the federal parliament and the federal government, resulting in changes in immigration policy. In conclusion, changes in the U.S. immigration policy in the late 19th and early 20th centuries were not limited to specific classes and regions, but were the result of popular anti-immigration sentiment, and social darwinism and eugenics were at the root. 본 논문은 19세기 말-20세기 초 사회다윈주의와 우생학이 미국내 반이민정서 형성에 미친 영향력을 분석한 것이다. 대체적으로 개방적이었던 미국의 이민정책은 이 시기에 제한적인 이민정책으로 전환하게 된다. 노동자계층, 토착주의자, 보수정치인들 사이에서 인종주의에 근간한 반이민정서가 확산되면서, 연방차원의 강력한 이민규제를 촉구했고, 이것이 이민정책에 반영된 것이다. 당시 반이민정서의 형성에는 사회다윈주의와 우생학의 역할이 매우 컸다. 사회다윈주의와 우생학은 인종주의에 근간한 인간의 불평등을 자연의 섭리로 설명하면서, 인종을 계서화했고, 이로 인해 반이민정책의 이데올로기적 기제가 되었다. 또 정치계와 지성계에 지대한 영향을 끼치게 되면서 반이민정책의 필요성과 정당성을 입증하는 이론적 근거가 되었다. 사회다윈주의와 우생학점 관점은 문화계 전반에 표출되어, 대중들에게 정형화된 인종적 편견을 심어주고, 인종은 불평등하며, 열등한 인종에 의해 미국사회가 퇴보되고 있다는 인식을 형성하였다. 이렇게 대중적으로 반이민정서가 강화·재생산됨으로써 연방의회와 연방정부를 압박하게 되고, 이민정책의 변화를 초래하였다. 결국 19세기 말-20세기 초 미국 이민정책의 변화는 특정계층, 특정지역에 국한된 것이 아닌 대중적 반이민정서의 결과물이며, 그 기저에는 사회다윈주의와 우생학의 비뚤어진 인종주의가 흐르고 있었다.

일-가족 양립정책의 유형과 사회·경제적 성과

황은정,유희원 한국여성정책연구원 2014 여성연구 Vol.87 No.-

본 연구는 그간 탈가족화 정책에 경도되어 다양한 사회·경제적 위기 요인을 타개할 동력을 상실한 한국 사회가 지향해야 할 일-가족 양립정책의 차후 방향성을 모색하는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 탈가족화와 탈성별화라는 두 가지 정책 요소를 중심으로 퍼지셋 이념형 분석을 통해 국가별 유형을 도출하고, 출산율, 여성경제활동 참여율, 아동빈곤율 등의 성과를 비교하였다. 분석결과, OECD 국가들의 일-가족 양립정책은 '탈가족화·탈성별화 병행형', '탈가족화 집중형', '탈성별화 집중형', '미발달형', '혼합형' 등 다섯 가지 이념형으로 분류되었다. 이들 유형의 사회·경제적 성과를 비교한 결과에서는 탈가족화와 탈성별화 관련 정책이 모두 발달한 국가들일수록, 출산율, 여성경제활동참여율, 아동빈곤율 등의 측면에서 성과가 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 분석결과가 시사하는 바는 일-가족 양립정책 내에 탈가족화와 탈성별화 요소를 모두 강조하는 정책지향이 설정되어야 한다는 것이다. 이는 탈가족화 정책과 탈성별화 정책을 동시에 강조할 때 일-가족 양립정책이 내포한 성별 분업 강화 기제를 해소하고 여성의 이중 부담을 예방하는 결과를 가져올 가능성이 높아지기 때문이다. 그동안 상대적으로 탈가족화에 경도된 기조를 유지했던 한국 사회 역시, 탈성별화 요소를 강조하는 새로운 정책지향을 모색할 필요성이 제기된다. 이를 통해 여성의 권리가 실질적으로 향상 됨은 물론, 한국 사회를 위협하는 신사회적 위험요소들을 타개해나가기를 기대해본다. This research has its objects on finding the future direction of what the Korean society must pursue, which has lost the power to resolve the causes of a variety of economic and social crisis, due to its heavy focus on defamilialization policy. For this, through the Fuzzy-set ideological analysis, we drew trends per nation, and compared total fertility rate, female economic activity participation rate, and child poverty rate in our focus on two policies: defamilialization and degenderization. As the analysis result, the work-family reconciliation policy of the OECD nations was categorized into five ideal types: parallel defamilialization and degenderization, focused defamilialization, focused degenderization, undeveloped, and combination. As a comparison result of these categories of economic and social performances, the nations with developed policies for defamilialization and degenderization had better performances in the aspect of total fertility rate, female economic activity participation rate, and child poverty rate. The above result suggests the need for the pursuit of a policy that emphasizes both defamilialization and degenderization in the work-family reconciliation policy. This is because when both defamilialization and degenderization are focused simultaneously, the work-family reconciliation policy resolves the reinforcement mechanism of gendered division of labour contained in the work-family reconciliation policy, as well as improves the possibility of prevention of doubled burden on female. This implies the need for Korea, who emphasized its focus on defamilialization, to seek a new policy focusing on degenderization. Through this, we expect the female rights to be improved, as well as resolve the risks of alternative society threatening the Korean society.

지역사회에 거주하는 치매 노인, 주관적 경도인지장애 노인, 건강한 노인의 인구학적 특성, 건강증진활동 비교

황은정 한국산학기술학회 2022 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.23 No.7

This study aimed to compare the demographic characteristics and health promotion activities, depression, subjective health status, and quality of life between older adults with dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and healthy older adult residents in the community. The subjects of this study were 61 older adults with dementia, 933 older adults with MCI, and 2,338 healthy older adults comprising the final 3,332 samples, selected from the '2019 Community Health Survey' data. Among the criteria for subject selection, age was an important factor in cognitive impairment, so the age of the subjects was limited to 75 years. For data analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, the chi-square test, and ANOVA were used. The results of this study showed that there were significant differences between the three groups in terms of general characteristics such as gender, education level, and basic livelihood beneficiaries (p<.001). In relation to health promotion activities, there were significant differences in exercise performance, subjective health level, depression, and quality of life (p<.001). In this study, the factors that had a significant effect on dementia or MCI in elderly subjects were education level (OR=1.66, 95% CI=1.05-2.64), subjective health level (OR=0.80, 95% CI=0.72-0.88) and depression (OR=1.13, 95% CI=1.10-1.16). Through the results of this study, it was confirmed that there were differences in demographic characteristics and health promotion activities among the older adults with dementia, older adults with MCI, and healthy older adults. Therefore, a customized dementia prevention program and a cognitive enhancement program should be developed in consideration of the varied characteristics of the subjects. In future research, we propose a continuous study comparing a range of factors between dementia patients and healthy subjects. 이 연구의 목적은 지역사회에 거주하는 치매노인, 경증인지장애 노인, 건강한 노인을 대상으로 인구학적 특성과 건강증진활동을 비교하는 것이다. 이 연구는 ‘2019년 지역사회 건강조사’ 자료를 활용하여 75세 대상자로만 추출하여, 치매 대상자 61명, 경증인지장애 대상자 933명, 건강한 대상자 2,338명으로 최종 3,332명을 선정하였다. 대상자 선정기준은 연령이 인지장애에 중요한 요인으로 작용함으로 연령을 보정하여 75세 대상자로 한정하였다. 자료 분석은 기술통계 분석, Chi-square test, ANOVA를 활용하였다. 이 연구결과에서 세 집단의 인구학적 특성에서는 성별, 교육정도, 기초생활수급권자 여부에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.001). 건강증진활동과 관련하여 신체활동, 주관적 건강수준, 우울, 삶의 질에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.001). 이 연구결과에서 노인 대상자의 치매 또는 경도인지장애에 유의한 영향을 미친 요인으로는 교육정도 (OR=1.66, 95% CI=1.05-2.64), 주관적 건강수준(OR=0.80, 95% CI=0.72-0.88), 우울(OR=1.13, 95% CI=1.10-1.16)인 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구결과를 통해 치매 노인, 경증인지장애 노인, 건강한 노인 간에 인구학적 특성과 건강증진활동 간에 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 그러므로 대상자의 다양한 측면을 고려한 맞춤형 치매예방 프로그램과 인지강화프로그램이 개발되어야 할 것이다. 향후 연구에서는 치매대상자와 건강한 대상자의 다양한 요인을 비교하는 지속적인 연구를 제안한다.

제인 애덤스(Jane Addams)의 사회개혁운동 -헐 하우스(Hull-House)를 중심으로-

황은정 한국세계문화사학회 2009 세계 역사와 문화 연구 Vol.0 No.21

Industrialization and urbanization, which began in earnest after the American Civil War, seemed to promise prosperity for America, but the working class, largely consisting of immigrants, lived in slums, not belonging to the mainstream of American society, and had to face the problem of poverty. Under these circumstances, new American women, who appeared in the 19th ~ early 20th century, took the initiative in the social reform movement through the welfare center movement, and strived to improve the environment for the general public in terms of health, education, and employment, particularly for the poor who really needed their help. They took problems, which had long been regarded as private, out to the public sphere, re-defined the roles of the nation, and dreamed of a 'maternal' state equipped with a sense of humanity that could rescue the people from poverty, cure disease, and teach people how to live. The social welfare centers founded by these women spread rapidly, and by 1900, about 100 welfare centers were opened. However, because of white elite-centered thinking, they failed to narrow the gap between the target of reform and the reformers. In this respect, Jane Addams has special significance. She had a clear belief in democracy, and worked for the 'democratization of society,' in which equal opportunities were granted to everyone. The starting point of her efforts was Hull House. Hull House, which is the welfare center that she founded in a Chicago slum in 1889, changed the poor from being the targets of reform to being the subjects of reform through various welfare programs, giving them an opportunity to escape from poverty. In addition, it offered highly-educated women, who had felt powerless due a lack of opportunities to do professional work, the opportunity to apply their knowledge. These women who volunteered for Hull House later worked as key members of the social reform movement. In addition, they advanced into the department of administration, which meant that they had an influence on the construction of the national welfare system. Jane Addams' legacy continued with the 'New Deal,' which was created while America went through the Great Depression, had a big influence on the establishment of the welfare system in America, and is thought to have played a big role in the establishment of a stable, harmonious American society. In this respect, the work of Jane Addams social reform should be held in high regard.

Low-Temperature Two-Step Solution Process for Next-Generation Antimony Chalcohalides Solar Cells

황은정,김대환,최용찬 한국공업화학회 2019 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2019 No.0

Despite the remarkable performance of the organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells, many researchers are looking for an alternative to perovskite to overcome its fatal problems, such as instability and Pb toxicity. Antimony chalcohalide can be a good candidate due to their low-toxicity, defect-tolerant properties and unique features. In this work, we introduce a versatile two-step solution process for the fabrication of antimony chalcohalide thin films and its application to the planar solar cells. The method consists of two steps: deposition of antimony chalcogenide Sb₂Ch₃ (Ch=S,Se) and its conversion to antimony chalcohalide SbChI. Antimony chalcogenide was fabricated by thiol-amine based solution approach. Conversion to SbChI was performed by spin coating SbI₃ solution and subsequent heating. With this method, we have successfully fabricated high quality Sb(S,Se)I controllably at a low temperature and applied to the solar cells.

도시 재생의 협력적 거버넌스에 관한 고찰 : 이화 창업스타트업 52번가 사례를 중심으로

황은정,조윤희 한국정책학회 2018 한국정책학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2018 No.-

젠더 관점에서 본 재난취약자에 대한 분석 및 지원방안

황은정 이화여자대학교 젠더법학연구소 2015 이화젠더법학 Vol.7 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 국내의 각종 재난 관련 통계를 활용하여 재난취약자의 현황 및 특성을 파악하고, 재난대비 및 관리정책에서 재난취약자에 대한 성인지적 개선방안을 모색해보는 것이었다. 이를 위해 먼저 재난 관련 법령에 나타난 재난의 정의와 국내외 연구들에서 논의된 재난취약자의 개념에 대해 살펴본 결과, 재난대비 및 방재대책 마련을 위한 일부 정책연구에서 장애인, 영유아나 고령자, 외국인 등을 재난취약자 집단으로 보는 것에 대한 논의가 있어왔으나, 우리나라의 재난 및 안전관리 기본법이나 재난관리정책의 내용에는 재난취약자에 대한 개념이 전혀 반영되어있지 않다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 보다 효과적인 재난안전정책을 위해서는 법적으로 재난취약자 개념을 도입하는 것뿐만 아니라 외국처럼 장애인이나 외국인(언어적 약자), 어린이 등 보다 다양한 재난취약집단에 대한 연구와 자료축적이 필요하다. 둘째로 국내의 각종 재난 관련 통계를 통해 재난취약자의 현황 및 재난 대응 취약성을 분석해본 결과, 각종 재난에서 누가 얼마나 피해를 입고 있는지 그 취약성을 정확히 파악하기 어려운 상황이며, 성별분리통계나 성인지적 관점에서 접근한 구체적인 성 분석도 이루어지지 못하고 있는 현실이다. 따라서 재난의 영향을 보다 정확하게 분석하고 이를 토대로 재난피해자 및 취약자를 보호하기 위한 정책을 수립하기 위해서 각종 재난발생시 성별로 구분된 재난 통계를 생산을 의무화하는 것은 물론 재난피해자의 연령별, 직업별 정보, 피해상황, 복구 과정에서의 애로사항 등에 대한 조사도 함께 이루어지도록 해야 한다. This study aims to understand the present conditions and characteristics of disaster vulnerable people using various disasters-related statistics in South Korea and seek gender-sensitive plans for improvement of disaster vulnerable people in the policies on disaster preparation and management. As a result of an inquiry into the definitions in the laws on disasters and the concept of disaster vulnerable people discussed in domestic and foreign studies for this purpose, there have been discussions on whether the disabled, infants/children, the elderly and foreigners can be considered disaster vulnerable people in a few studies of policies for the preparation of precautions against disasters and disaster countermeasures. However, it was noted that no concept of disaster vulnerable people has been reflected in the details of the Korean basic law for disaster and safety management or policies on disaster management. Therefore, for a more effective disaster safety policy, it is necessary to introduce a concept of disaster vulnerable people legally and study and accumulate data about more various disaster vulnerable groups such as the disabled, foreigners (the weak in language) or children as in foreign countries. Second, as a result of an analysis of the disaster vulnerable people and vulnerability of disaster response through various domestic disaster-related statistics, it is difficult to understand the vulnerability exactly, regarding who are damaged and how much they are damaged from various disasters, and in reality, no concrete gender analysis is conducted, approached from sex-disaggregated statistics or gender perspective. Thus, in order to analyze the impacts of disasters more accurately and establish a policy on the protection of victims of disasters and vulnerable people based on this, it is necessary to make disaster statistics compulsory, which are divided by gender in the occurrence of various disasters, and also, a survey on information about the victims of disasters by age and occupation, damage situations and difficulties in recovery processes should be conducted together.

Cloning, purification, and characterization of the organic solvent tolerant β-glucosidase, OaBGL84, from Olleya aquimaris DAU311

황은정,이용석,최용락 한국응용생명화학회 2018 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.61 No.3

A marine bacterium, Olleya aquimaris DAU311, was isolated from Goraebul beach in the Republic of Korea. This strain had β-glucosidase activity on Luria–Bertani esculin plates. The β-glucosidase, oabgl84, was isolated, cloned, and sequenced, based on fosmid library. The gene encoded novel β-glucosidase and consisted of an open reading frame of 2304 bp, which encodes 768 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence had 99% identity to Olleya sp. VCSM12, 84% identity to Olleya marilimosa, and 78% similarity to Lacinutrix sp. Hel_I_90. OaBGL84 belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family 3, and it was visualized using SDS-PAGE, approximately 84 kDa. The optimal temperature and pH of OaBGL84 were analyzed as 40 °C and 6.0, respectively, using pNPG as substrate. The Km and Vmax values for OaBGL84 were 1.35 mM and 25.3 μM/s, respectively. Furthermore, OaBGL84 activity was completely inhibited by Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions. OaBGL84 demonstrated extraordinary stability until 50% (v/v) benzene, n-hexane, or toluene. These results indicate that OaBGL84 is useful candidate to degrade cellulose or soy isoflavone in the organic solvents for various biotechnological applications.

간호사의 셀프리더십이 조직몰입, 소진 및 이직의도에 미치는 영향

황은정,문숙자 학습자중심교과교육학회 2020 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.20 No.13

The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between self-leadership of nurses, organizational commitment, burnout and turnover intention and to determine the effect of self-leadership of nurses on organizational commitment, burnout and turnover intention. The study was conducted on nurses working at a general hospital with more than 300 beds in South Jeolla province. The findings showed differences in the degree of education, position and work experience in the difference between the degree of self-leadership, organizational immersion, burnout and turnover intention of nurses according to the general characteristics of the subject, but there was no difference in gender. It was also found that there was a correlation between self-leadership of nurses, organizational commitment, burnout and turnover intention. The result has shown that both recognition and behavior, a sub-area of self-leadership, have a positive impact on organizational commitment, and a negative impact on eburnout. The degree of turnover intention showed that only behavior had a negative impact. This study is significant in that it has applied the leadership that has recently emerged to the field of nursing to verify its influence. In the future, various methods of developing and applying programs that can measure and foster leadership of members at an organizational level are needed to be studied. 본 연구의 목적은 간호사의 셀프리더십과 조직몰입, 소진, 이직의도와의 관계를 파악하고, 간호사의 셀프리더십이 조직몰입, 소진과 이직의도에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위함이다. 연구 대상은 전남 소재 300병상 이상 종합병원에서 근무하는 간호사를 대상으로 하였으며, 연구결과는 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 간호사의 셀프리더십, 조직몰입, 소진과 이직의도의 차이에서 교육정도, 직위, 근무경력에 유의한 차이를 보였으나, 성별에서는 차이가 없었다. 또한 셀프리더십과 조직몰입, 소진 및 이직의도 간에는 모두 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 간호사의 셀프리더십이 조직몰입, 소진과 이직의도에 미치는 영향을 확인한 결과, 셀프리더십의 하위영역인 인지와 행위 모두 조직몰입에는 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 소진에는 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 이직의도에서는 행위만 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 최근 대두되고 있는 셀프리더십을 간호 분야에 적용하여 그 영향력을 검증하였다는 점에서 의의가 있으며, 조직적 차원에서 구성원들의 셀프리더십을 측정하고 함양할 수 있는 프로그램을 개발하여 적용하고, 그에 따른 효과를 확인하는 다양한 방법의 연구가 필요하리라 본다.