Facial 'Phi' Mask를 이용한 3급 부정교합 환자의 악교정수술 후 정면부 연조직의 변화

허영민,김홍석,팽준영,홍종락,김창수,Heo, Young-Min,Kim, Hong-Soek,Paeng, Jun-Young,Hong, Jong-Rak,Kim, Chang-Soo 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2011 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.33 No.6

Purpose: Dr. Marquardt made the facial 'phi' mask using golden ratio. Most class III patients have bulky faces and want a smaller face. Using a facial golden mask, this study estimated and compared frontal photographs before and after operation for soft tissue measurement. The golden mask can be considered as a reference tool for facial esthetic analyses especially in lower face. Methods: Forty patients who had undergone orthognathic surgery at Samsung Medical Center from January 2006 to December 2009 were included in this study. These patients had Class III malocclusion. Lateral cephalometric radiographs, frontal clinical photos of pre-op and 8~12 month later post-op, and the facial 'phi' mask using golden ratio, were used for analysis. Reduction of the lower face area, occlusal plane changes, amounts of mandible setback and amounts of maxilla posterior impaction were estimated. Results: Lower facial reduction ratio and mandibular setback amounts were significantly different between 1-jaw and 2-jaw groups. Average postoperative changes in the area of lower face between bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) and BSSRO combined maxilla posterior impaction were compared by using an independent simple t-test and $P$ value was 0.016. Therefore, the lower facial reduction ratio and mandibular setback amount were significantly different in maxilla posterior impaction. Conclusion: The two-jaw surgery group showed more reduction of the lower facial area than the 1-jaw surgery group. The amount of lower facial reduction was more related with the amount of mandibular setback. There was no significant relation in lower facial reduction with amount of maxilla posterior impaction, pre-op occlusal plane, post-op occlusal plane and the mandibular angle. A relationship between the change in the lower facial area and the amount of maxilla posterior impaction or the change of mandibular angle occlusal plane at pre-op could not be found because of the difference in the amount of setback between two groups.

수출용 접목 선인장 후홍의 배지 종류와 관수방법에 따른 생육변화 분석

허영민(Young Min Heo),유병열(Byung Yeol Ryu),김유선(Yoo Sun Kim) 한국원예학회 2009 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2009 No.10

行政上 不確定槪念에 관한 硏究

許永敏(Young-Min Heo),金喜坤(Hee-Gon Kim) 전북대학교 법학연구소 1988 法學硏究 Vol.15 No.-

Facial 'Phi' Mask를 사용한 골격성 부정교합 환자의 안모 분석

김홍석,허영민,홍종락,김창수,팽준영,Kim, Hong-Seok,Heo, Young-Min,Hong, Jong-Rak,Kim, Chang-Soo,Paeng, Jun-Young 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2012 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.34 No.1

Purpose: The golden ratio has been used for a long time to objectify and quantify 'beauty'. Dr. Marqurardt claims that the golden ratio can be applied in the maxillofacial field as well. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic significance of using a facial 'phi' mask for analyzing Korean faces with characteristics of Class I, II, and III malocclusion. Methods: We studied twenty five Korean celebrities' frontal facial photos (10 males, 15 females) and 90 malocclusion patients' frontal facial photos (30 patients in each malocclusion classification: Class I, Class II, and Class III). Patients who received orthodontic treatment at Samsung Medical Center were selected for this study. After superimposition of the selected facial photo and facial 'phi' mask using Adobe Photoshop CS3, the ratio of the entire facial area, mid facial area, lower facial area and horizontal and vertical lengths were measured. Results: The facial ratio in photos of Korean faces showed larger vertical and horizontal ratios than the facial 'phi' mask with golden ratio, regardless of skeletal malocclusion (entire face: 115%, lower face: 125% larger than the mask). The results of the frontal photos of Class I, II, and III malocclusion patients using facial 'phi' mask showed that the vertical length and frontal face area was more significantly influenced by the area of the lower face than the midface. This means that the lower face has larger proportions in the facial areas. Conclusion: The ratio of facial 'phi' mask is matched with the ideal facial appearance that the contemporary Korean general public is seeking. Thus, the facial 'phi' mask may be a convenient tool for esthetic analysis of Korean faces. Reducing the area of the lower face is esthetically more desirable for almost all Korean people when planning orthognathic surgery.

수열합성법을 이용한 망간 나노와이어 제조 및 이의 전기화학적 특성 연구

홍석복 ( Seok Bok Hong ),강온유 ( On Yu Kang ),황성연 ( Sung Yeon Hwang ),허영민 ( Young Min Heo ),김정원 ( Jung Won Kim ),최봉길 ( Bong Gill Choi ) 한국공업화학회 2016 공업화학 Vol.27 No.6

본 연구에서는 1차원의 MnO₂ nanowire를 KMnO₄와 MnSO₄ 전구체 혼합물의 수열합성법(hydrothermal method)을 사용하여 제조할 수 있는 합성법을 개발하였다. 제조된 MnO₂ nanowire는 전기화학 반응 동안 전자와 이온전달을 용이하게 할 수 있는 넓은 비표면적과 기공구조를 나타내었다. MnO₂ nanowire의 미세구조 및 화학구조를 주사형 전자현미경(SEM), 투과전자현미경(TEM), 광전자분석기(XPS), X-ray 회절분석법(XRD), 비표면적분석장비(BET)를 사용하여 분석하였다. 본 MnO₂ nanowire 전극의 전기화학적 특성은 순환전압전류법(cyclic voltammetry)과 정전류 충전-방전법(galvanostatic charge-discharge)을 사용하여 3상 전극 시스템(three-electrode system)에서 분석하였다. MnO₂ nanowire 전극은 높은 비정전용량(129 F/g), 고속 충방전(61% retention), 반 영구적인 수명특성(100%)을 나타내었다. In this work, we developed a synthetic method for preparing one-dimensional MnO₂ nanowires through a hydrothermal meth-od using a mixture of KMnO₄ and MnSO₄ precursors. As-prepared MnO₂ nanowires had a high surface area and porous struc-ture, which are beneficial to the fast electron and ion transfer during electrochemical reaction. The microstructure and chemical structure of MnO₂ nanowires were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurements. The electrochemical properties of MnO₂ nanowire electrodes were also investigated using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge with a three-electrode system. MnO₂ nanowire electrodes showed a high specific capacitance of 129 F/g, a high rate capability of 61% retention, and an excellent cycle life of 100% during 1000 cycles.

루테늄 지르코니아 불균일 촉매를 이용한 알켄 또는 알킨의 효과적인 산화절단반응

모비나이르샤드 ( Mobina Irshad ),최봉길 ( Bong Gill Choi ),강온유 ( Onyu Kang ),홍석복 ( Seok Bok Hong ),황성연 ( Sung Yeon Hwang ),허영민 ( Young Min Heo ),김정원 ( Jung Won Kim ) 한국공업화학회 2016 공업화학 Vol.27 No.6

알켄 또는 알킨의 산화 반응이 루테늄 지르코니아 불균일 촉매에 의해 매우 선택적이며 효율적으로 전환되었다. 절단반응을 통해, C-C 이중 결합은 알데히드 관능기로, 삼중 결합은 다이케톤 또는 카르복시산으로 전환되었는데, 다양한 기질들이 30 ℃에서 PhI(OAc)₂ 산화제와 dichloromethane 및 물(각각 5 mL와 0.5 mL)의 혼합 용매 조건에서 반응이 수행되었다. 사용된 촉매 Ru(OH)_x/ZrO₂는 이 절단 반응에 대해 기존의 다른 루테늄 기반 불균일 또는 균일 촉매들보다 더 좋은 활성과 선택성을 보였다. 반응이 진행되는 동안, 제조된 촉매의 기계적인 물성은 안정적이었고, 금속의 침출은 전혀 보이지 않았다. 불포화된 탄화수소들의 산화적 절단에 대해, 합성된 촉매는 여러 번 재사용해도 그 촉매의 성능을 그대로 유지하였다. The efficiency of a heterogeneous ruthenium zirconia catalyst (Ru(OH)_x/ZrO₂) was demonstrated to the selective oxidative transformation of alkenes or alkynes. The scissions of C-C double bonds to aldehydes and triple bonds to diketones or carbox-ylic acids were carried out with (diacetoxyiodo)benzene as an oxidant under dichloromethane (5 mL)/water (0.5 mL) solvent system at 30 ℃ for wide range of substrates. The Ru(OH)_x/ZrO₂ composite showed higher catalytic activity and selectivity than other ruthenium-based homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts for the scission reaction. The catalyst exhibited a high mechanical stability, and no leaching of the metal was observed during the reaction. These features ensured the reusability of the catalyst for several times for the oxidative cleavage of unsaturated hydrocarbons.

地方自治團體의 條例制定權의 限界 : 判例를 中心으로 Focused on Cases

許永敏 全北大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.41 No.-

This Paper is studied focused on cases in theoretical and institutional aspect of the local self government in order to make legal basis of municipal bylaw-making power and to clarify its limits by reestablishing of legal system of bylaw. Therefore this paper is concentrated on the major points as follows. Chapter Ⅰ. Instruction. Chapter Ⅱ. Overview of municipal bylaw-making power. This chapter is consisted of process and effect of bylaw-making etc. Chapter Ⅲ. Principle of Vorrang des Gesetzes and limits of bylaw. This chapter is consisted of concrete cases, for example our Supreme Count's case on Jeon-ju city bylaw on freedom of administrative information etc. Chapter Ⅳ. Principle of Vorbehalt des Gesetzes and limits of bylaw. Chapter Ⅴ. Problems on limits of bylaw in related with important matters. In this chapter, bylaw is studied in relation to rights and duties of inhabitants, penalty and taxation etc. Finally in recent localization era. I expect municipal bylaw-making activity to be established in corresponding with local characteristic and differences.

勤勞基本權의 制約과 그 法理에 관한 硏究

許永敏 全北大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

The writer wrote in this article about the restriction of the labor standard right and legal principles. The object of constitution and related laws of labor is to make all citizens live decently, especially to improve labor condition of workers. The contents of the labor standard right has to correspond with the maintenance of national security, order or public welfare. The labor standard right comprises the right to association, collective bargaining and collective action of workers. Because of the public character in the service management, the right to association, collective bargaining, and collective action shall not be granted to workers who are public officials, except for those authorized by the provisions of law. And the right to collective action of public of officials and workers engaged in state, local autonomous government, state-run enterprises, public utilities or enterprises which have a serious impact on the national economy is either restricted or denied in accordance with the provisions of law. But the restriction of the labor standard right is to minimize within the limits of the possibility. This paper was developed its course according to the following items,

土地公槪念實現을 위한 法律에 관한 硏究

許永敏,白種仁,李東燦 전북대학교 법학연구소 1992 法學硏究 Vol.19 No.-

Das Grundstu¨ck, das man nicht produzieren kann und absoluter Bestandteil fu¨r Existenz der Menschen ist, hatte far die letzten 10 Jahre durch die unproduktive Spekulation ernstes Sozialproblem verursacht, weil der aus Grundstu¨ck erzeugte Gewinn viel mehr als die produktive Wirtschaftsta¨tigkeit war. Also benutzte ein Teil der Klasse das als Mittel der Vermbgensvermehrung. Auch das hat sich als die gesundes Produktivbewuβtsein hindernde Elemente gewirkt. Daher hat sich das vo¨lkische Bewuβtesein zum Einkommen aus Kapital-vermo¨gen vergro¨βeert und die Staatswirtschaft beschwert. Inzwischen hat die Regierung viele Gesetze zum Grundstu¨ck gegeben und tata¨chlich guten Erfolg gebracht. Aber die Regierung hat das Problem, d.h. das Einkommen aus Kapitalvermo¨gen mit dem Grundstu¨ck, durch die schon bestehenden Gesetsze gru¨ndlich nicht lo¨sen kbnnen. Daher wurden die starken Gesetze zun Grundstu¨ck gefordert. In dieser Arbeit werden der neu festgesetzte Inhalt der Gesetze und dessen rechtstheoretisches und inkraf tsetzendes Problem untersuccht. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit lauten : Ich meine, diese Gesetze sprechen rechtstheoretisch dem Grundgesetz nicht wider. Aber diese Gesetze haben die wesentlichen Probleme, die bei der Rechtsdurchfu¨hrung verursacht werden ko¨nnen und die Regierung lo¨sen muβ. 1. Die Regierung muβ den bffentlichen Wert des Grundstu¨cks resolut verwirklichen und dann kann die Regierung den Zwedc der Gesetzgebung erreichen. 2. Ich meine, Die Regierung muβ die Obergrenze der Fla¨che, die laufenden Dreitypen in Beziehung zum offentlichen Wert des Grundstu¨cks setzend, klassifizieren. 3. Steuersatz ist zu hoch, Steuer ist dualistisch, also uneffizient. 4. Die Regierung muβ eine objektive, gerechte Haltung zur Steuereinkassierung einnehmen. Auβerdem meine ich, die Regierung soll den Gru¨ngtu¨rtel mit Grundstu¨ckfonds, in Beziehung zum Angebot der mangelnden Fla¨che, zum angemessenen Preis einkaufen.

行政上 不確定理念에 관한 硏究

許永敏,金喜坤 전북대학교 법학연구소 1988 法學硏究 Vol.15 No.-

Die gesetzlichen Tatbestandsmerkmale sind inhaltlich von unterschiedlicher Pra¨zision. Die Bindung der Verwaltund an das Gesetz ist auch von unterschiedlicher Intensita¨t. Einzugehen ist in diesem Zusammenhang auf die Erscheinung des unbestimmten Begriffs:Gemeinwohl ; o¨ffentliches Interesse ; ansta¨ndige Baugesinnung usw. Solche vagen Begriffe finden sich sowohl(ha¨ufiger) auf der Tatbestandsseite wie(seltener) auf der Rechtsfolgeseite der Rechtssa¨tze. Sie werden zumeist "unbestimmte Rechtsbegriffe"-oder besser : "unbestimmte Gesetzesbegriffe"-gennant. Bei der Handhabung eines unbestimmten Gesetzesbegriffs leiden Interpretations-und Subsumtionsergebnis gelegentlich an mangelnder Eindeutigkeit. Gewiβ muβ sich auch in derartigen Situationen die Verwaltung zu der jenigen Entscheidung durchringen, die sie allein fu¨r richtig ha¨lt, hat mithin die Beho¨rde nicht die Wahl zwischen mehreren Entscheidungen. Es ist jedoch nich zu verkennen, daβ bisweilen Verschiedene Beurteiler zu unterschiedlichen Einscha¨tzungen und Bewertungen gelangen kp¨nnen. Darin liegt offenkundig eine Relativierung der Gesetzesgebundenheit der Verwaltung. Man spricht insoweit von einem Beurteilungsspielraum der Verwaltung. Ein Beurteilungsspielraum besteht nach der Rechtsprechung nur bei Pru¨fungsentscheidungen, pru¨fungsa¨hnlichen Entscheidungen und dienstlichen Beurteilungen im Beamtenrecht usw. Diese Entscheidungen sind nur daraufhin gerichtlich u¨berpru¨fbar, ob die Beho¨rde(der Pru¨fer)-von falschen Tatsachen ausgegangen ist, -Verfahrensvorschriften nicht eingehalten hat, -sich von sachfremden Erwa¨gungen hat leiten lassen, - allgemein gu¨ltige Bewer tungsmaβsta¨be nicht beachtet hat.