친환경농산물 유통경로별 취급 비중과 특성 분석

최병옥,김호,이기현,Choi, Byung-Ok,Kim, Ho,Lee, Kee-Hyun 한국유기농업학회 2014 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.22 No.1

Since organized living cooperative associations sold their environment-friendly agricultural products directly to independent consumers in the past, the general distribution channels such as wholesalers had difficulty in handling these products. However, the ratio of distribution via wholesale channel has been gradually increased as consumption of environment-friendly agricultural products has expanded. This study is to address vitalization of wholesale distribution for environment-friendly agricultural products by gathering previous statistical data and analysis. In addition, statistical analysis are conducted by utilizing surveys on forwarders, consumers for environment-friendly agricultural products. As a result, the products producers ship are distributed through dealers at producers sites, producers cooperatives, or food process companies, food companies, internet shopping malls, large-scale distribution companies, consumer groups such as living cooperative associations, direct outlets at consumers sites, or exports. Among the channels, the large-scale distribution companies and franchised special shops account for 47%, the general supermarkets 15.7%, and living cooperative associations 14.6% respectively. By utilizing the research results on producers and consumers, and the distribution weight by channels for environment-friendly agricultural products, the distribution channels for living cooperative associations, wholesale markets, and large scale distribution companies are compared and evaluated. As a result, the level of producers' and consumers' satisfaction for them is the lowest since the low selling price for producers and high distribution margins.

경부인성 두통의 물리치료적 접근에 대한 문헌적 고찰

최병옥,김종대,주민종,Choi, Byung-Ok,Kim, Jong-Dae,Joo, Min-Jong 대한물리치료과학회 2003 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.10 No.1

To observe the anatomical structures which cause a cervicogenic headache it reports, from viewpoint of physical therapist in treatment multiple to observe method which approaches, the reporter it does. With the manipulation the vertebral manipulation effected an affirmative effect to cervicogenic headache(Niels Nilsson et al,1997). The manipulation, soft the tissue massage, postural education/advice, muscular elongation, the traction, and postural exercises initially came to be used with that technique which the upper cervical vertebra(0-C3) passive accessory intervertebral movement comes to be used with a cervicogenic headache treatment technique(Grant T & Niere K., 2000). Also, it relates with the diagnosis standard about a cervicogenic headache when the body function over of the cervical vertebra is discovered, the Muscle energy technique was proposed in the treatment which is safety and effect(Bogduk N,2001). The TENS and the Mange gave a reduction effect of pain often.

슬개대퇴관절의 해부학과 생체역학에 관한 문헌적 고찰

최병옥,Choi, Byung-Ok 대한물리치료과학회 2001 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.8 No.2

The patellofemoral pint is formed by the articulation of the patella and femoral condyles in the trochlear groove. The complexity of the patellofemoral pint is magnified by the fact that the tibiofemoral pint works in conjunction with the patellofemoral pint. Additionally, other pints such as the subtalar pint., hip and sacroiliac pints indirectly contribute to the function of the patellofemoral pint. This pint has little bony stability, Soft tissue surrounds the pint to increase stability. The patellofemoral pint increases the mechanical advantage of the quadriceps muscles and resists mechanical loading. In patellofemoral dysfunction, patellofemoral contact pattern is disrupted. leading to excessive compression at the pint. When you treat the patellofemoral dysfunction, you should evaluate anatomic and biomechanic components and find factors of patellofemoral dysfunction. Hamstring tightness. weakness of VMO and tightness of lateral retinaculum lead to flexed knee and abnormal patella tracking and patellofemoral pint reaction force and patellofemoral dysfunction. A through understanding of the anatomy and biomechanics may assist the clinician in the recognition and treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain. Therefore physical therapists should apply modality as well as therapeutic exercise, stretching and strengthening. In this paper, I will discuss the germane anatomical structures and biomechanics of the patellofemoral pint.

일부 물리치료과 학생의 임상실습 만족도에 대한연구

최병옥,Choi, Byung-Ok 대한물리치료과학회 1996 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.3 No.3

The purpose of this study is improvement of clinical practice education through examination of satisfaction on clinical practice of physical therapy students and grasping the factor have on effect on satisfaction of clinical practice. The students of the survey were 328 junior college students and 41 University students selected from 8 junior college and 2 University by questionnaire from Oct. 6 to Oct. 26, 1993. The collected data was analyzed by ANOVA, T-test, Multiple range test (Tukey, LSD, Duncan), principal factor analysis according to purpose of study. The results were as follows : The degree of satisfaction according to the item on clinical practice was low as 0.346 of a total 1.0. The degree of satisfaction of instruction(0.40) revealed to be high. Compared with the degree of satisfaction on contents(0.39), practice environment(0.38), satisfaction after practice(0.36), practice hours(0.35), personalrelations(0.33), problem of practice place(0.31), practice evaluation(0.25) revealed to be low. 1. The degree of satisfaction on clinical practice according to education system was lower junior college than University. 2. The degree of satisfaction on clinical practice according to volitional group and another intention group and another intention group was not different. 3. The degree of satisfaction on clinical practice according to the order of merit was not difference A group, B group, C group, but it of D group was low. 4. The degree of satisfaction on clinical practice according to the time of practise, the group that clinical enforce during a session was higher than the group that it enforce during vacation. 5. The degree of satisfaction on clinical practice according to clinical practice place was high in University hospital and general hospital, but was low in hospital and clinic. 6. The degree of satisfaction on clinical practice according to existence or non-existence of a hospital in affiliation was higher existence a hospital in affiliation group than non-existencea hospital in affiliation group. 7. The degree of satisfaction on clinical practice according to satisfaction of major was high in group of high satisfaction major.

요추간판 수핵 탈출증 수술환자의 족관절 척측굴곡근과 배측굴곡근의 등속성운동 평가

최병옥,Choi, Byung-Ok 대한물리치료과학회 1996 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.3 No.3

Isokinetic test of muscle strength was performed on 20 patients operated laminectomy & discectomy. Peak torque of ankle dorsi flexors & plantar flexors at the angular velocity of $30^{\circ}$/sec and average power and total work of ankle dorsi flexors & plantar flexors at the angular velocity $90^{\circ}$/sec were measured and analyzed. The result were as follows: 1. Peak torque of non - dominant dorsi flexors at $30^{\circ}$/sec showed no significant difference statistically, but dominant dorsi flexors at $30^{\circ}$/sec showed significant difference statistically(p<0.05). 2. Peak torque of dominant & non - dominant plantar flexors at $30^{\circ}$/sec showed significant difference statistically(p<0.05). 3. Average power of dominant & non - dominant dorsi flexors at $90^{\circ}$/sec showed no significant difference statistically. 4. Average power of dominant & non - dominant plantar flexors at $90^{\circ}$/sec showed significant difference statistically (p<0.05). 5. Total work of dominant & non - dominant dorsi flexors at $90^{\circ}$/sec showed no significant difference statistically. 6. Total work of dominant & non - dominant plantar flexors at $90^{\circ}$/sec showed significant difference statistically(p<0.05).

요추간판 수핵탈출중 수술환자의 체간부 굴근 및 신근의 등속성 운동 평가

최병옥,Choi, Byung-Ok 대한물리치료과학회 1996 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.3 No.2

Isokinetic exercise is dynamic, but the spped of movement must be regulated so that the resistance is in ratio to the force applied at each point throughout the full range of motion. The purpose of this study is to comparise with trunk flexors & extensors of isokinetic evaluation of pre-exercise and post-exercise in operated laminectomy & disectomy patients. 7 subjects were examined at $120^{\circ}$/sec and $60^{\circ}$/sec each 15 days. The results were as follows; 1. Peak torque of extensors on $60^{\circ}$/sec showed significant difference statistically(p<0.05), but peak torque of flexors on $60^{\circ}$/sec showed no significant difference statistically. 2. Trunk flexors/extensors ratio of peak torque of $60^{\circ}$/sec showed no significant difference ststistically. 3. Peak torque % B.W of extensors on $60^{\circ}$/sec showed significant difference statistically(p<0.05), but peak torque % B.W of flexors on $60^{\circ}$/sec showed no significant difference statistically. 4. TAE of extensors on $60^{\circ}$/sec showed significant difference statistically (p<0.05), but TAE of flexors on $60^{\circ}$/sec showed no significant difference. 5. Total work of flexors & extensors on $60^{\circ}$/sec showed significant difference statistically (p<0.05). 6. Average power of flexors & extensors on $120^{\circ}$/sec showed significant difference statistically(p<0.05). 7. Endurance ratio of flexors & extensors on $120^{\circ}$/sec showed no significant difference statistically. 8. Set total work of flexors & extensors on $120^{\circ}$/sec showed significant difference statistically(p<0.05). 9. TAE of extensors on $120^{\circ}$/sec showed significant difference statistically(p<0.05), TAE of flexors on $120^{\circ}$/sec showed no significant difference statistically. 10. Total work of flexors & extensors on $120^{\circ}$/sec showed significant difference statistically (p<0.05).

2009~2013학년도 중등교사 임용시험 화학교과 내용학문항의 출제 경향 분석

최병옥 ( Byung Ok Choi ),김용성 ( Yong Seong Kim ) 한국과학교육학회 2013 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.33 No.6

본 연구는 교육과정 평가원이 제시한 화학과 교과내용학 평가 영역 및 평가 내용 요소에 따라 2009학년도부터 2013학년도까지, 중등교사 임용시험에서출제된 화학과 문항을 분석한 것이다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 5년간 출제된 화학과교과내용학 1차 시험 140 문항을 수집하여 4개 과목간, 평가영역 및 평가내용요소에 따라 출제된 비율을분석하였고, 그 결과를 토대로 사범대학 화학교육과교육과정의 운영이나 평가 영역의 재조정에 대한 시사점을 도출하였다. 연구 결과 화학과 4개 과목 간 출제 비중에 있어서현저한 차이가 있으며, 과목별 평가영역 간에도 출제비중에 있어서 큰 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 평가내용요소의 분석에 있어서도 122개 중에서 41개가 5년 동안 교사 임용시험에 출제되지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석 결과에 근거하여 화학과 임용시험의 출제 과목 간의 비중이나 평가영역 및 평가 내용요소에 대한 재조정의 필요성을 제언하였다. This study analyzed questions related to the content knowledge on the subject of chemistry for middle and high school teacher employment examinations conducted from the school years 2009 to 2013 based on the evaluation scope of the chemistry subject content knowledge and evaluation contents that were presented by the Korea Institute for Curriculum and Evaluation (KICE). To achieve the objectives of this study, a total of 140questions were collected with respect to the questions that appeared on the test over the last 5 years, which aimed to evaluate the level of applicants` knowledge related to the contents of chemistry subject. The ratio of the contents covered in the test was assessed based on the scope of evaluation and the items for evaluation among the 4 subjects. Based on the results, suggestions were presented in relation to the operation of the chemistry curriculum for the Department of Chemistry Education at the college of education or the restructuring of the evaluation scope. There was a significant difference in the ratio of items that appeared on the test among the 4 subjects related to the content knowledge on chemistry. Also, there was a remarkable difference in the ratio of items covered in the test among the evaluation scope by subject. The results of the analysis on the evaluation content items suggested that 41 items out of 122 did not appear in the teacher employment examination for 5 years. Based on such results of analysis, this study discussed the need for readjusting the ratio of items covered in the test on content knowledge related to chemistry or the evaluation scope and evaluation content items.

지역사회와 연계한 중학생의 창의적 체험활동이 진로 관련 요인과 정서 관련 요인에 미치는 영향

최병옥 ( Byung Ok Choi ) 부산대학교 과학교육연구소 2014 교사교육연구 Vol.53 No.4

본 연구는 지역사회와 연계한 창의적 체험활동이 중학생의 진로관련 요인과 정서관련 요인에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 가를 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 교사, 청소년 수련관 담당자와의 협의를 통해 창의적 체험활동 프로그램을 개발·운영하였다. 본 연구자는 각 프로그램의 특성에 적합한 강사와 학습장소를 선정하는 코디네이터의 역할을 수행하였다. 지역사회와 연계한 창의적 체험활동이 중학생의 진로관련 태도의 성숙, 진로결정 자기효능감, 일 희망을 향상시킬 것이라고 기대하였고, 아울러 행복감, 자기존중감의 향상도 기대하였다. 이러한 취지에서 본 연구는 경상남도 양산 지역과 거제 지역의 2개 중학교 1,019명을 대상으로 10개월간 6개 창의적 체험활동 프로그램을 적용하여, 진로 관련 요인과 정서 관련 요인에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 프로그램의 실시 결과 지역사회와 연계한 창의적 체험활동이 중학생의 진로태도 성숙과 자기존중감의 향상에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다. 이러한 결과는 학교 밖의 다양한 인적·물적 자원의 활용이 교육활동의 질을 높이고, 학생들의 참여도를 높임으로써 학생들의 직업관, 정서적 발달에 긍정적인 영향을 미친 것으로 볼 수 있다. 따라서 보다 더 체계화된 연계 및 지원 방안의 모색이 절실하고, 향후에는 보다 다양한 변인을 반영하는 심도 있는 연구가 진행되어야 할 것이다. This study validated the effects of community-based creative experience activities on middle school students`` career-related and emotion-related factors. For that, the creative experience activity program was developed and operated in this study in consultation with teachers and officials supervising the youth training organization. Instructors and learning a site suited to the characteristics of each program were selected and thereafter coordinated by this researcher. The community-based creative experience activity program was expected to improve behavioral maturity, career decision-making, self-efficacy, and work hope of middle school students, along with the improvement in sense of happiness and self-esteem. To achieve the objective of this study, 6 creative experience activity programs were applied to 1,019 middle school students over a 10 month period to examine the effects on the career-related factors and emotion-related factors from 2 middle schools in Yangsan and Geoje located in Gyeongsangnam-do. The results of program implementation validated the positive effect of community-based creative experience activities on middle school students`` behavioral maturity and self-esteem. Utilization of various human/physical resources outside the schools were found to improve the quality of educational activities and increased the participation of students, thereby having a positive influence on the occupational view and emotional development of students. Thus, it is desperately necessary to explore the measures that can help ensure more systematic linkage and support, and furthermore, more in-depth studies are needed to reflect a wider range of variables.

농산물 산지유통시설의 효율적 활용 방안

최병옥(Byung-Ok Choi),전창곤(Chang-Gon Jeon),김동훈(Dong-Hoon Kim) 한국농촌경제연구원 2010 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

일반논문 : 임용시험 교육학 문제 분석을 통한 대학 교직과정에의 함의 탐색

최병옥 ( Byung Ok Choi ) 한국교육철학회 2010 교육철학 Vol.41 No.-

The purpose of this study is to analyze the questions in pedagogy for the certification examination of secondary education teachers between 2002 and 2010, in order to discuss the implications for the operation of the teacher`s training course. With such an objective, such things as the trend of setting questions in pedagogy for the certification examination of secondary education teachers, the frequency of certain questions according to the `basic subjects and fields` proposed by the Korea Institute of Curriculum & Evaluation, and the frequency of questions related to the contents of each field of evaluation have been analyzed. The results of the study can be summarized as follows. Firstly, after analyzing the suggested forms of questions in pedagogy and the contents requiring answers, it seems that the suggested forms of questions have become complicated enough to suggest illustrations or examples, instead of simply suggesting forms. Also, the contents requiring answers have suggested the complicated knowledge or the form of understanding, instead of showing the simple knowledge or the form of memory. In particular, the number of questions has been reduced from 50 to 40. Since 2009 when the multiple-choice questions with four examples were changed to those with five examples, such a trend of change has been clearly identified. Secondly, after analyzing the frequency of questions for the six basic subjects and fields, it seems that the questions are based on certain fields of evaluation for most basic subjects and fields. Thirdly, after analyzing the frequency of questions for the contents from each field of evaluation, it has been found that more than 50% of the entire questions are repeatedly chosen. Since it is possible to become teachers only through the certification examination, the forms and frequency of questions greatly influence the operation of the teacher`s training course. The implications suggested by the results of the study on the teacher`s training course have been discussed in various aspects.