유교식 기제사(忌祭祀) 문화의 불교화 고찰

정기옥(무여)(Jung Ki-ok)(Mooyeo) 한국불교상담학회 2018 불교상담학연구 Vol.12 No.-

본 논문은, 매년 가정에서 유교식으로 모시고 있는 조상(부모, 조부모) 기제사를, 불자 가정만이라고, 불교의 생사관이 반영된 불교식으로 전환 모색하고자 함이다. 매년 가정에서 모시고 있는 조상에 대한 제사는 불자 가정을 포함하여 거의 모든 가정이 유교식으로 지내고 있다. 이것은 그동안 전해 내려오는 관습과 전통을 따르고 있는 것이다. 우리나라 전통제례 문화가 효 를 고취 시키는 장점도 있지만, 현 핵가족화 시대에 맞지 않아서 세대 간, 가족 간, 종교 간에 많은 갈등을 유발하고 있다. 또한 주부들은 제사로 인한 스트레스가 많아서 기피 요인이 되기도 한다. 유교식 전통 제사의 불교화 즉 사찰기재(寺刹忌齋)는 상기 문제점인 갈등을 상당부분 흡수 할 수 있으며, 부처님의 가르침을 전달하여 신심을 고취 시키고, 불교를 재인식 시켜서 신행활동의 욕구를 충족 할 수 있다. 또한 절에서 모시는 사찰기재는 물적 토대를 형성하여, 경제력이 취약한 작은 사찰이나 포교당 운영부문에 상당한 도움을 주고 있다. The sacrifices for the ancestors (grandparents or parents) held at home every year are in the Confucian style of almost all families including Buddhist families. This follows the customs and traditions that have been handed down over the years. Although traditional Korean ritual culture has the advantage of promoting Hyo(filial piety, *) it does not fit into the current nuclear family era and causes many conflicts among generations, families, and religions. Housewives also have a great deal of stress due to the sacrifice, which can be a deterrent. For this reason, even the Buddhist family tries to change the ancestor priest into the Buddhist style reflecting the life and death of Buddhism. Buddhism of Confucian traditional ceremony, Buddhism of Traditional Memorial service, can absorb a lot of the conflicts mentioned above, convey Buddha s teachings to inspire devotion, recognize Buddhism, Can be satisfied. In addition, the ceremony form a physical foundation, which can be a great help to the small temple and the Propagation Center (Pokyodang) administration which have weak economic power.

Effect of light illumination and camera moving speed on soil image quality

정선옥,조기현,정기열,Chung, Sun-Ok,Cho, Ki-Hyun,Jung, Ki-Yuol Institute of Agricultural Science 2012 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.39 No.3

Soil texture has an important influence on agriculture such as crop selection, movement of nutrient and water, soil electrical conductivity, and crop growth. Conventionally, soil texture has been determined in the laboratory using pipette and hydrometer methods requiring significant amount of time, labor, and cost. Recently, in-situ soil texture classification systems using optical diffuse reflectometry or mechanical resistance have been reported, especially for precision agriculture that needs more data than conventional agriculture. This paper is a part of overall research to develop an in-situ soil texture classification system using image processing. Issues investigated in this study were effects of sensor travel speed and light source and intensity on image quality. When travel speed of image sensor increased from 0 to 10 mm/s, travel distance and number of pixel were increased to 3.30 mm and 9.4, respectively. This travel distances were not negligible even at a speed of 2 mm/s (i.e., 0.66 mm and 1.4), and image degradation was significant. Tests for effects of illumination intensity showed that 7 to 11 Lux seemed a good condition minimizing shade and reflection. When soil water content increased, illumination intensity should be greater to compensate decrease in brightness. Results of the paper would be useful for construction, test, and application of the sensor.

Effect of light illumination and camera moving speed on soil image quality

Sun-Ok Chung(정선옥),Ki-Hyun Cho(조기현),Ki-Yuol Jung(정기열) 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2012 농업과학연구 Vol.39 No.3

Soil texture has an important influence on agriculture such as crop selection, movement of nutrient and water, soil electrical conductivity, and crop growth. Conventionally, soil texture has been determined in the laboratory using pipette and hydrometer methods requiring significant amount of time, labor, and cost. Recently, in-situ soil texture classification systems using optical diffuse reflectometry or mechanical resistance have been reported, especially for precision agriculture that needs more data than conventional agriculture. This paper is a part of overall research to develop an in-situ soil texture classification system using image processing. Issues investigated in this study were effects of sensor travel speed and light source and intensity on image quality. When travel speed of image sensor increased from 0 to 10 ㎜/s, travel distance and number of pixel were increased to 3.30 ㎜ and 9.4, respectively. This travel distances were not negligible even at a speed of 2 ㎜/s (i.e., 0.66 mm and 1.4), and image degradation was significant. Tests for effects of illumination intensity showed that 7 to 11 Lux seemed a good condition minimizing shade and reflection. When soil water content increased, illumination intensity should be greater to compensate decrease in brightness. Results of the paper would be useful for construction, test, and application of the sensor.

농촌 다문화가족의 실태 및 복지적 과제

김경민 ( Kyoung Min Kim ),정기옥 ( Ki Ok Jung ),장세철 ( Sae Cheol Chang ) 한국농촌지도학회 2010 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.17 No.3

Because of the international marriage of bachelors in the rural areas, there have been grown many foreign residents, the Multi-cultural families. For the improvement of multi-cultural families, the first important thing is their early settlement in Korea. For those foreigners` settlement, systematic approach to Korean education program is necessary. Second, multi-cultural families need support to maintain their basic lives safely. Agricultural education for the next generation is, moreover, also important for them. Third, healthy growth and training for the formation of the Self-Identity of their children are needed for those multi-cultural families too. Education for bring up their children as the global talents, the cost of private education and the one of bringing up children also have to be supported. Fourth, the improvement of understanding multi-cultural families is significant. Development and education of various programs to participate multi-cultural families are also required.

산화적 스트레스에 의한 N'-methyl-N'-nitroguanidine의 유전독성증가

강진석(Jin Seok Kang),정기경(Ki Kyung Jung),서수경(Soo Kyung Suh),김주환(Joo Hwan Kim),이화옥(Hwa Ok Lee),정해관(Hai Kwan Jung),김승희(Seung Hee Kim),박순희(Sue Nie Park) 환경독성보건학회 2007 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.22 No.4

To investigate the possible enhancement of genotoxicity in stress environment, we examined the effect of genotoxic material in oxidative stress-induced condition using human cell line. Human lymphoblast cell line, TK6 was treated with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) for induction of oxidative stress, and treated with N’-methyl-N’-nitroguanidine (MNNG), as a genetoxic material. We carried out MTS assay to set treatment doses. TK6 was treated with H₂O₂ as 6.75 (low dose) or 13.5 μM (high dose) for 2 h, and treated with MNNG as 0.117 (low dose), 0.234 (middle dose), 0.468 μM (high dose) for 2 h. As results, a treatment of MNNG induced DNA damage as dose dependently. And TK6 treated with H₂O₂ at low as well as high dose followed by MNNG treatment showed higher DNA damage compared to MNNG alone treated groups. Malondialdehyde, as a marker of lipid peroxidation was increased in H₂O₂ and MNNG treated groups. Real-time RT-PCR analyses for expression sion of several antioxidative enzymes showed that catalase mRNA and glutathione peroxidase 1 mRNA expression were decreased in H₂O₂ and MNNG treated groups. Taken together, we conclude that genotoxicity induced by MNNG is enhanced in a condition of oxidative stress induced by H₂O₂ and it suggests that it should be associated with induction of lipid peroxidation and decrease of antioxidant enzymes.

암거관 매설 논토양의 강도비교

이원재 ( Won-jae Lee ),서영우 ( Young-woo Seo ),정선옥 ( Sun-ok Chung ),정기열 ( Ki-yeol Jung ),문동해 ( Dong-hae Mun ),김현태 ( Hyeon-tae Kim ) 한국농업기계학회 2017 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.22 No.2

밭작물의 수요와 부가가치 향상으로 논에서 밭작물 재배면적이 매년 증가되고 있는 추세이나 배수개선 생산기반이 매우 취약한 실정으로 지하배수를 위한 암거배수시설 설치 기술은 일정한 깊이에 설치, 지하수 토양의 파쇄와 암거 설치가 동시에 이루어질 수 있는 기술의 개발이 요구됨에 따라 암거관의 매설깊이, 간격 등 기준설정이 확립이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 토양특성별 토양 암거관 굴취부 저항력을 측정하기 위하여 원추관입기, 전단링을 이용하여 관입저항, 전단저항을 측정하였다. 실험은 식양질, 사양질 토양 두 가지를 비교하여 실험을 진행하였으며 토양의 관입저항과 전단저항을 측정하기 위해 기반조성 실험장소 내 대표적인 10곳을 지정하여 5번 반복하여 측정을 진행하였다. 측정은 토양 특성에 맞는 측정 깊이(10, 20, 30 cm)와 토양을 굴취 할 때 굴취날에 가해지는 전단력을 측정하기 위해 전단링을 이용 토양의 전단력을 측정하였다. 또한, 암거관 매설 전과 매설 3개월 후 기반조성 토지의 전단저항, 관입저항을 비교분석 하였다. 실험결과 관입저항은 암거관 매설 전은 801~1012 KPa으로 토양이 습하였지만, 매설 후 1001~2081 KPa으로 국내 평균 토양의 경도범위인 1000~3200 KPa 범위 내외로 확인 되었고, 전단저항은 매설 전 2~6 N으로 점성토에 비슷한 범위였으며 매설 후 12~25 N으로 국내 농경지 전단저항범위 안에 포함되었다.

사염화탄소에 의한 간손상에 미치는 현호색의 효과 및 그 기전

서인옥,정춘식,정기화 德成女子大學校 藥學硏究所 2000 藥學論文誌 Vol.11 No.1

본 연구에서는 현호색의 methanol 추출물에 대하여 사염화탄소에 의한 간 손상 보호효과를 확인한 후 이를 hexane, chloroform, butanol 및 물로 계통분획하여 사염화탄소에 의한 간 손상 보호효과를 검색하였다. 이 결과 현호색 물분획물이 유의성 있는 간 보호효과를 보임으로써 간손상 보호효과를 확인하고 그 기전을 밝히고자 하였다. 그 결과 혈액중의 ALT활성 및 cholesterol함량은 사염화탄소 단독투여군에 비하여 감소하였으며 간조직의 TG와 지질과산화물 함량은 사염화탄소 단독투여군에 비하여 감소하여 사염화탄소에 의한 지방의 축적이나 세포막의 손상은 억제된 것으로 보인다. 기전연구를 위하여 측정한 CYP함량과 calcium함량은 사염화탄소 단독투여군에 비하여 감소하였으며 GST활성도는 사염화탄소 단독투여군에 비하여 증가하였다. 항산화 효소의 유도로 인하여 증가할 것으로 기대한 SOD, GPX, CAT활성도는 모든 처치군에서 감소하는 경향을 보여 간손상 보호 효과는 free radical scavenging effect 보다는 CYP함량의 감소와 CCB로서의 작용 및 GST활성도의 증가에 기인한 것으로 생각된다. Protective effect of Corydalis ternata against the carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity was investigated. Carbon tetrachloride(CCl_4) induces hepatotoxicity due to the reactive free radical(CCl_3 ·) generated by cytochrome P-450 enzyme. We examined effects of hexane, chloroform, butanol and water fractions prepared from the Corydalis ternata methanol extract. Rats were treated with those for 3 days, and liver microsomes and cytosols were prepared at 24 hour after last treatment. Hepatoprotective activity of the water fraction was higher than that of other fractions. To examine mechanism of the hepatoprotective effect of Corydalis ternata, we measured contents of malondialdehyde(MDA), cytochrome P450(CYP), glutathione, calcium as well as the activities of NADPH-CYP reductase, glutathione S-transferase(GST), superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathione peroxidase(GPX) and catalase. The fraction inhibited production of MDA, contest of CYP and calcium in liver of water fractions-treated rats as compared with those of CCl_4-treated rats. The GST activity was increased. We speculate that the O_2 radical scavenging activities of the water fraction might play a key role in the mechanism opposing the progression of CCl_4-induced hepatotoxicity, but the activities of SOD, GPX, CAT were decreased. These results suggest that the mechanism might be mainly due to the decrease of CYP contents, act as calcium channel blocker and increase of GST activity rather than O_2 radical scavenging activities.