소아에서 플러스옵틱스 에스09로 측정한 굴절력의 신뢰성과 유용성

임종훈,배지현,신승주,Jong Hoon Lim,Gi Hyun Bae,Seong Joo Shin 대한안과학회 2014 대한안과학회지 Vol.55 No.7

<b>Purpose:</b> To compare the refractive measurements obtained using a photorefractor (PlusoptiX S09, PlusoptiX GmbH, Germany) with those obtained using cycloplegic refraction in children. <b>Methods:</b> We assessed the refractive status of 268 eyes in 134 children. The values acquired via photorefraction with a PlusoptiX S09 device were compared with those obtained by cycloplegic retinoscopy. Hyperopia (≥+3.5 D), myopia (≥-3.0 D), with the rule or against the rule astigmatism (≥-1.5 D), and oblique astigmatism (≥-1.0 D) were set as diagnostic criteria for refractive amblyopia risk factors (RARFs). The difference in the detection of RARFs by the two methods was the main outcome measure. <b>Results:</b> The average spherical refractive power was -0.81 ± 1.68 D for PlusoptiX S09 versus -0.26 ± 2.00 D for cycloplegic retinoscopy (average difference -0.54 ± 0.61 D; <em>p</em> < 0.001). The average spherical equivalent was -1.20 ± 1.62 D for PlusoptiX S09 versus -0.64 ± 1.94 D for cycloplegic retinoscopy (average difference -0.56 ± 0.62 D; <em>p</em> < 0.001). The average cylinder power was -0.79 ± 0.93 D for PlusoptiX S09 versus -0.76 ± 0.94 D for cycloplegic retinoscopy (average difference -0.03 ± 0.33 D; <em>p</em> = 0.135). Even though cycloplegic retinoscopy is considered the gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity for detecting RARFs with the PlusoptiX S09 were 88.0% and 96.3%, respectively. <b>Conclusions:</b> PlusoptiX S09 is a relatively useful method for detecting RARFs, but the device tends toward myopic shift compared to cycloplegic refraction, and hyperopia is underestimated. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2014;55(7):1071-1076

외부 공진기 레이저 구현을 위한 평면도파로 격자 제작

임종훈,임군,이경식,송정환,조재걸,정선태,오윤경,Lim, Jong-Hoon,Lim, Gun,Lee, Kyung-Shik,Song, Jeong-Hwan,Cho, Jae-Geol,Jung, Sun-Tae,Oh, Yun-Kyung 한국광학회 2004 한국광학회지 Vol.15 No.6

평면도파로 (Planar Lightwave Circuits)를 수소처리한 후 격자를 제작하였다. 성장특성 분석 결과 격자는 거듭제곱식 (power law)에 따라서 성장되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 격자의 성장특성을 이용하여 외부 공진기 레이저용 평면도파로 격자를 설계하고 제작한 결과 예상치와 거의 일치하는 격자특성을 얻을 수 있었고, 제작된 격자로 구현된 외부 공진기 레이저에서 ∼40dB의 인접모드억압비(side mode suppression ratio)를 갖는 단일모드 발진을 관측할 수 있었다. Bragg gratings were fabricated in Ge-doped silica planar lightwave circuits (PLC) for different writing conditions to study the growth characteristics. The refractive index modulation of the gratings grew in the PLC with total fluence F according to the power law $\Delta$n=A $F^{B}$. The characteristics of the PLC gratings formed for external cavity lasers match closely to those predicted by the power law. The oscillation spectra of the FP-LD with a Bragg grating grown in the PLC waveguide were also presented.d.

빛간섭단층촬영에 따른 당뇨황반부종의 형태학적 분류와 치료 후 임상경과

임종훈,김인혁,배지현,김하경,배소현,Jong Hoon Lim,In Hyuk Kim,Gi Hyun Bae,Ha Kyoung Kim,So Hyun Bae 대한안과학회 2014 대한안과학회지 Vol.55 No.2

Purpose: To analyze the optical coherence tomographic patterns and clinical courses of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) after treatment. Methods: The charts of 65 patients with DME were retrospectively reviewed. Baseline optical coherence tomographic patterns of DME were categorized into the 4 groups: group 1 (9 eyes, 13.8%) showed diffuse retinal thickening, group 2 (21 eyes, 32.3%) had cystoid macular edema (CME), group 3 (13 eyes, 20.0%) demonstrated serous retinal detachment (SRD) and group 4 (22 eyes, 33.9%) had combined CME and SRD. Treatments for DME included intravitreal bevacizumab/ triamcinolone injection, focal laser photocoagulation and vitrectomy. During 12 months of follow-up, changes in the patterns of DME were assessed. Additionally, the central retinal thickness (CRT) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were measured at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Results: During 12 months of follow-up, 21 eyes (32.3%) showed changes in the DME pattern: 2 eyes (22.2%) in group 1, 3 (14.3%) in group 2, 4 (30.8%) in group 3 and 12 (54.5%) in group 4. A significantly greater proportion of eyes with changes in DME pattern underwent vitrectomy compared with those without changes in DME pattern (p = 0.012). There was a significant difference in CRT among the 4 groups; group 4 demonstrated the largest CRT at baseline, 6 and 12 months (p < 0.001, 0.002 and 0.029, respectively). However, there were no significant differences in BCVA among the 4 groups at baseline, 6 or 12 months (p = 0.879, 0.375 and 0.246, respectively). Conclusions: Clinical courses varied according to the tomographic patterns of DME after treatment, and the poorest anatomic outcome was found in group 4. Change in tomographic pattern of DME was correlated with the treatment of DME, which might suggest a poorer outcome in those patients than in the patients who maintained their DME patterns. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2014;55(2):222-229

울혈성 심부전 환자의 치료 경과중 혈청 마그네슘의 동태에 관한 고찰

임종훈(Jong Hoon Lim),전국진(Kook Jin Chun),정준훈(Joon Hoon Jeong),김병진(Byung Jin Kim),오현명(Hyun Myung Oah),박용현(Yong Hyun Park),박융인(Yong Hyun Park),홍택종(Taek Jong Hong),신영우(Yung Woo Shin) 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.53 No.6

Objectives: There are many interesting reports suggesting that magnesium(Mg) deficiency is deleterious in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). It is paradoxical that the most important cause of Mg deficiency in these persons is maybe use of therapeutics including diuretics. Authors investigated the trend of serum and 24 hour urine Mg with other relating electrolytes in Mg homeostasis prospectively, in the management of CHF. And we assessd the effects of medications and many variables in .CHF on serum Mg, and the usefulness of serum Mg representing the body content. Methods: Fifty three patients who were diagnosed as CHF by clinical finding and echocardiogaphy were prescribed conventional doses of diuretics as furosemide 40mg and spironolactone 50mg daily, with or without angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitor and digitalis. And then, serial serum and 24 hour urine Mg, sodium, potassium and calcium were obtained at admission, 2nd day, 5th day, and discharge. Results: The patients group with chronic CHF, which was defined as long-term use of diuretics over 6 months, showed higher prevalence of low level of serum Mg concentration than the group with acute one(11 of 28, 39% vs. 2 of 25. 8%, P< 0.01). Of those two groups, the latter showed upward trend of serum Mg from admission to discharge, but the former showed no change. In 24 hour urine Mg excretion, the amount of the patients with CHF was larger than that of control group. In the chronic CHF group, the effect of digitalis on decreasing serum Mg was evident. Serum Mg of acute CHF group correlated with serum BUN(r=0.5609). Whereas, that of chronic group with ejection fraction(r= ?0.4742) and plasma renin activity(r= ? 0.3791), with serum potassium(r=0.4673) and creatinine(0.5846). Serum Mg may be useful indicator of Mg homeostasis, especially in chronic CHF patients. Conclusion: Because patients with chronic CHF were prone to deficiency of Mg in the management, maintaining the adequate serum Mg through long- term replacement seems very important in decreasing the morbidity and mortality of these persons.

전통시장에서 유니버설디자인 적용 필요성에 관한 연구-남대문 시장을 중심으로-

임종훈(제1저자) ( Jong Hoon Lim ),임진이(교신저자) ( Jeanny Lim ) 한국공간디자인학회 2015 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.10 No.6

(Background and Purpose) A traditional market is a historical place that reminds us of the joys and sorrows of past. Further, it is a sociocultural environment where local and foreign visitors interact, exchange, and create their own culture together. This study analyzes the appropriateness of applying a universal design to strengthen the competitiveness of the traditional market, evaluates the utilization of space, and highlights its problem. Adequate facilities should be provided for the visitors, under the unequal physical conditions, to allow them to fully enjoy their shopping in a traditional market. (Method) This study proceeded with a literature research and field study. The second chapter discusses the theoretical research on the traditional market and the reason its “placeness ” should remain socially and culturally important to us. The third chapter analyzes the concept, features, and range of the applications of the universal design in the traditional market. The fourth chapter suggests the elements to be applied to the universal design by evaluating the field survey conducted at Namdaemun market in Seoul, South Korea. The fifth chapter summarizes the results and discusses the significance of this study. (Results) The overall sales at the traditional market hardly increased, as modernizing the space by setting up the arcade indiscriminately and reserving the parking lots were not enough to boost sales. Moreover, it was difficult to reorient the consumers who were already accustomed to large-scale distributors, to the traditional market without arranging for the conveniences that could satisfy them and converting their recognition attitudes for the traditional market. The universal design aimed to design ”what is available and easy for everyone to use,” regardless of consumers` age or physical and psychological state. In other words, even though the facility was designed for exceptional groups such as the old, expectant mothers, and foreigners, it would eventually provide conveniences for everyone if it were used by all groups without exclusivity. (Conclusions) This study leads to several conclusions. First, the facilities in the traditional market need to be expanded in accordance with the universal design for aging retailers , dominant old customers, pregnant women, children, foreigners, and the disabled. Second, the general idea behind the universal design is not to provide “special consideration” for exceptional groups, but to guarantee basic, equal human rights to everyone. To this end, facilities should be designed to make the most of the traditional market`s characteristics, not indiscriminately modernize it. Third, the result of the field study reveals that no special consideration was given to consumers in the design of the Namdaemun market. The level of customer satisfaction with the space increases when going upstairs. Further, the current market situation becomes clear through installing elevators, handicapped restrooms, and sign systems for various customers, as seen in the Namdaemun Theater, which was recently renovated.

이용자 만족도 분석을 위한 공공디자인 평가항목에 관한 연구

임종훈 ( Jong Hoon Lim ) 한국공간디자인학회 2016 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.11 No.1

(Background and Purpose) Recent trends indicate that there are studies being conducted on the evaluation of public space along with interest in the user needs and psychological environments; however, the realistic restrictions of these studies, being conducted from a policy perspective by regional autonomous governments, indicate that these studies are focused on the quantitative growth from the standpoint of the physical environment, rather than on the qualitative growth. This leads to the demand for public design that also considers the psychological aspects, along with recognizing the importance of user-focused ex-post evaluation. Based on such perceptions, this study aims to propose public design evaluation items that analyze user satisfaction. (Method) This study aims to focus on the analysis of previous literature through literature analysis, as well as on empirical analysis through surveys. In Chapter 2, previous literature on public design will be examined, and theoretical contemplation will be carried out. In Chapter 3, main items and factors for public design evaluation will be deduced through leading previous literature on the public design evaluation methods and items. Chapter 4 conducts satisfaction surveys targeting users of public space, and focuses on empirical analysis. Through this analysis, evaluation items will be verified based on the analysis of public design elements which the users demand. In Chapter 5, the study results and their implications are organized based on the studies conducted in the prior chapters. (Results) Satisfaction levels were analyzed on a total of 9 items for public design evaluation items and the results are as follows. First, reliability analysis was conduced prior to analyzing satisfaction, and the reliability assessment for the measurement tools utilized indicated that the reliability of all evaluation items was over 0.6, statistically verifying that this research is reliable. Specifically, for general users, scenery-related items showed the highest reliability at 0.819. Second, the item with highest satisfaction was found to be publicness. It was followed by regional identity, pleasantness, scenery, and usability. On the other hand, sustainability exhibited the lowest satisfaction among the 9 items. This can be interpreted as the target space being a leading symbolic space that includes publicness in this region. (Conclusions) The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, in public spaces, user-focused spatial construction that includes natural elements is very important. This indicates that natural elements influence psychological aspects. Second, spatial planning that focuses on pleasantness is required in public space planning. Analyzing satisfaction has shown proof that users are aware of the importance of the psychological environment in public spaces through pleasantness. Third, in an urban environment, public space that allows for community revitalization is very important. By providing spaces wherein a variety of communities can be formed in the regional community, it could be found that users were bestowed with identities as members of the society. In the future, based on this study, we expect that follow-on studies will be conducted on more objective and systematic public design evaluations that actively reflect user needs.

치유개념이 적용된 복합문화공간 사례 연구

임종훈 ( Jong Hoon Lim ),전재현 ( Jae Hyun Chun ) 한국공간디자인학회 2014 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.9 No.4

(Background and Purpose)Individuals’quality of life has improved substantially owing to urbanization and industrialization coupled with rapid economic growth; however, the rapid change in the paradigm of society causes stress around many modern social issues. Therefore, there has been interest in healing as a method to resolve such problems, and the necessity of multi-cultural spaces became evident where typical healing approaches were unsuccessful. (Method)In this study, we utilize healing elements and program types of multi-cultural space from domestic and global theoretical studies and case studies of multi-cultural spaces; through these means, we develop the possibility of special applications. (Result)Multi-cultural spaces, where applied as a healing concept, could not only be a psychological cure for users through healing elements used within them but also provide improved convenience and quality of life for users. Furthermore, such spaces play an important role in making a city life space of citizens into places with meaningful culture and information.

범죄피해자구조청구권에 관한 고찰

임종훈(Jong-Hoon Lim) 한국헌법학회 2009 憲法學硏究 Vol.15 No.4

급격한 사회 변화와 함께 우리 주위에는 강력 범죄가 계속 증가하고 있으나. 죄로 인하여 신체적ㆍ정신적ㆍ경제적 피해를 입고 고통 속에 생활하고 있는 범죄피해자나 그 유족들의 보호와 지원에 대해서는 관심이 부족했던 것이 사실이다. 이미 우리나라에서는 1987년에 헌법을 개정하면서 제30조에 범죄행위로 인하여 생명ㆍ신체에 피해를 받은 국민은 국가로부터 구조를 받을 수 있다고 규정하였다. 그리고 이러한 헌법규정에 근거하여 범죄피해자구조를 위한 실정법으로｢범 죄피해자구조법｣을 제정하여 1988년부터 시행하고 있으며, 2005년부터는 금전적 구조 외에 범죄피해자를 보호하고 지원하기 위한 ｢범죄피해자보호법｣을 제정하여 시행하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 입법적 노력에도 불구하고 발생한 범죄건수에 비하여 실제로 범죄피해구조가 이루어진 건수는 극히 미미하다. 이 글에서는 우선 범죄피해자구조제도에 대한 비교법적 이해를 얻기 위하여 미국, 일본, 독일, 영국에서의 범죄피해자 구조제도를 살펴보고, 유엔 차원에서의 노력에 대하여도 검토하였다. 그런 다음 범죄피해자구조청구권의 보충성과 청구권성 등 법적 성격에 대하여 알아보았다. 범죄피해자 구조금의 수령주체, 지급청구 요건, 구조금의 종류와 청구절차 등 범죄피해자구조청구권의 구체적 내용에 대해서는 ｢범죄피해자구조법｣의 내용을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 이 글에서는 범죄피해자구조금의 액수가 아직도 범죄피해자들의 피해와 고통을 보전해주기에는 부족하다는 점과 국가가 구조금을 지급한 경우 범죄피해자의 손해배상청구권을 대위 행사할 수 있도록 한 규정의 문제점 및 과실에 의한 범죄피해에 대하여 구조가 미비 되어 있으며 구조금 지급 결정에 대한 불복 절차 가 마련되어 있지 않은 문제점 등을 지적하고 있다. 마지막으로 이 글은 우리 헌법에서 규정하고 있는 범죄피해자구조청구권이 과연 헌법에서 하나의 기본권으로 규정할만한 의미가 있는지에 대한 문제를 제기하고 있다. 세계적으로 헌법에 범죄피해자구조청구권을 기본권으로 규정하고 있는 입법례는 찾기 어렵다. This paper examines the criminal victim's constitutional right to compensation in the Korean Constitution. As the Korean society has experienced a dramatic change since the economic development in 1960s, we have seen a dramatic increase of violent crimes. While a variety of measures have been taken to protect the procedural and substantial rights of criminals in the process of democratization of the Korean society, few efforts have been made to protect the rights criminal victims. It is quite unique that the Korean Constitution adopted a provision(Article 30) on the right of criminal victims to compensation in the 1987 Constitutional Amendment. And an Act to execute the constitutional provision was enacted and came into effect in 1988. In spite of these legislative efforts, only very small number of criminal victims got paid compensation under the program. For instance, in 1998, 155 cases of criminal victims got paid compensation. This paper examines the reason why the current program for criminal victims has failed to redress the injuries of criminal victims. A more fundamental question this paper raises is that the criminal victim's right to compensation for his or her injuries is the kind of basic right that is to be prescribed in the constitution, given that no other nation but Korea has such a constitutional provision.

서평 : 불완전한 통일: 독일 통일의 헌법적 구조

임종훈 ( Jong Hoon Lim ) 한국의회발전연구회 1997 의정연구 Vol.4 No.-

정부법령해석의 체계화를 위한 모색

임종훈 ( Lim Jong-hoon ) 홍익대학교 법학연구소 2007 홍익법학 Vol.8 No.1

정부에서는 2005년 6월 「법제업무운영규정」(대통령령)을 개정하여 정부차원에서 이루어지는 법령해석 기능을 체계화하고 강화하기 위하여 법제처에 국(局) 단위의 `법령해석 관리단`을 새롭게 창설하는 한편, `법령해석심의위원회`라는 합의제 기구를 새롭게 출범시켰다. 정부차원의 법령해석업무가 양과 질 면에서 대폭 개선될 경우 법령에 대한 정부견해의 통일과 법집행의 일관성을 확보함으로써 법치행정의 구현과 법치주의의 확립을 기대할 수 있고, 더 나아가 국민의 권익보호와 국가발전에도 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 그러나 법령해석 건수가 종전에 비해서 대폭 증대하고, 법령해석을 심의·의결할 법령해석심의위원회가 수십명의 위원 중 필요시마다 9인의 위원으로 구성된다면 법령해석의 통일성과 일관성을 유지하는 것이 중요한 과제로 등장할 것이다. 법령해석의 체계화를 위한 실무적·이론적 차원의 노력이 필요한 이유이다. 이 글에서는 정부의 유권해석기능 강화를 계기로 정부법령해석업무의 발전을 기대하며 법령해석의 체계화와 이론화를 위한 방안을 모색하고 있다. 법령해석은 법령해석의 전제가 되는 구체적 사실관계의 내용이나 그 동안 해당 법령을 운영해온 관행 등에 따라 달라질 수도 있으나, 그렇다고 법령해석이 일정한 원칙 없이 그 때 그 때마다의 필요에 의해서 임기응변식으로 이루어져서도 아니 될 것이다. 법령해석업무의 일관성과 통일성을 확보하는 방법은 법령해석업무를 체계화하는 것이라고 할 수 있는데, 그 체계화는 법령해석에 관한 이론적 방법론을 연구하고 법령해석에 관한 실용적 준칙을 개발해서 적극적으로 활용하는 것이라고 할 수 있다. 그리고 필요하다면 이러한 준칙을 법제화하는 것도 신중히 검토할 필요가 있다. 이렇게 개발되거나 입법화된 준칙들은 시대의 변화와 경험의 축적에 따라 필요하다면 수시로 개선하고 보완할 수 있다. This paper addresses the issue of how the statutory interpretation should be conducted by the government since the government of Korea has opened the chances for local governments and citizens to bring the cases on statutory interpretation to the Ministry of Legislation as of June 2005. This paper emphasizes the importance of maintaining consistency in interpreting hundreds of statutes that will be brought to the Ministry each year. To find a way to maintain consistency in statutory interpretation, this paper examines major theories of statutory interpretation, i.e. textualism, intentionalism, purposivism and dynamic theories and turns to the rules that underlie these theories. Called "maxims," "canons," or "principles" of construction, these rules of statutory interpretation have been the bedrock of Anglo-American statutory interpretation. In conclusion, this paper suggests that the Ministry adopt a set of rules that can be applied in interpreting statutes by referring to Anglo-American rules. It is even recommended that those rules be legislated into a form of statute.