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Katharine Roque,임경동,Ji-Hoon Jo,Kyung-Min Shin,송은섭,Ravi Gautam,김창열,Kyungsuk Lee,신승원,유한상,허용,김형아 대한수의학회 2016 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.17 No.4
Microorganisms found in bioaerosols from animal confinement buildings not only foster the risk of spreading diseases among livestockbuildings, but also pose health hazards to farm workers and nearby residents. This study identified the various microorganisms present in theair of swine, chicken, and cattle farms with different kinds of ventilation conditions in Korea. Microbial air samples were collected onto Petridishes with bacterial or fungal growth media using a cascade impactor. Endotoxin levels in total dust were determined by the limulus amebocytelysate kinetic QCL method. Prevalent Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus (S.) lentus, S. chromogenes, Bacillus (B.) cereus, B. licheniformis, and Enterococcus faecalis, while the dominant fungi and Gram-negative bacteria were Candida albicans and Sphingomonaspaucimobilis, respectively. Considering no significant relationship between the indoor dust endotoxin levels and the isolation ofGram-negative bacteria from the indoor air, monitoring the indoor airborne endotoxin level was found to be also critical for risk assessmenton health for animals or workers. The present study confirms the importance of microbiological monitoring and control on animal husbandryindoor air to ensure animal and worker welfare.
Katharine Roque,임경동,송은섭,Ravi Gautam,이재희,김연경,조아랑,신소정,김창열,김형아,허용 계명대학교 자연과학연구소 2016 Quantitative Bio-Science Vol.35 No.2
Hazardous biochemical agents in indoor animal husbandry environments promote the occurrence of various illnesses among husbandry workers and industrial animals. The relationship between endotoxin levels in dust collected from Korean beef cattle farms and markers of bovine cellular immunity was investigated. Peripheral blood was obtained from 25 cattle from five cattle farms in Korea. Endotoxin levels present in total or respirable dust were determined by the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate Kinetic method. Cytokine production was evaluated following the stimulation of peripheral mononuclear cells with concanavalin A for 72 h in a 5% CO2 incubator. Production of both interleukin (IL)-4 and interferon (IFN)γ was significantly higher in the high endotoxin exposure group (100.9±70.6 EU/m3) compared with the low endotoxin exposure group (17.7±18.6 EU/m3), with a lower IFNγ/IL-4 ratio in animals from the high endotoxin farms, indicating immunity skewed toward a type-2 response. The proportion of γδ T lymphocyte, important bovine immune cells involved in protection against microbial infection, was lower in cattle from the high endotoxin farms than in those from the low endotoxin farms. The numbers of white blood cells, red blood cells, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and basophils were significantly downregulated in cattle from the high endotoxin farms. Overall, these results suggest a probable negative association between dust endotoxin levels and cell-mediated immunity in Korean beef cattle.
Effect of fermented soybean products intake on the overall immune safety and function in mice
이재희,백세희,신혜원,이승연,문병석,박정은,임경동,김창열,허용 대한수의학회 2017 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.18 No.1
Various functional activities have been reported for the fermented soybean products doenjang (DJ) and cheonggukjang (CGJ), although no systemic investigations of their immune functions have been conducted to date. We examined the effects of an experimental diet of DJ, CGJ, or a mixture of unfermented raw material for 4 weeks on overall immunity and immune safety in mice. No significant alterations were observed in peripheral or splenic immune cells among groups. Enhanced splenic natural killer cell activity was observed in the DJ and CGJ groups compared with the plain diet group. T helper type-1 (Th1)-mediated immune responses were enhanced in the DJ and CGJ groups with an upregulated production ratio of IFN-g vs. IL-4 and IgG2a vs. IgG1 in stimulated splenic T and B cells, respectively. Resistance to Listeria monocytogenes infection was observed in the DJ and CGJ groups. Overall, the results of this study suggest that DJ and CGJ intake consolidates humoral and cellular immunity to Th1 responses.
Katharine Roque,Kyung-Min Shin,Ji-Hoon Jo,임경동,송은섭,신소정,Ravi Gautam,Jae Hee Lee,김연경,조아랑,김창열,Hyun Ji Kim,Myung Sook Lee,Hyeong-Geu Oh,Byung-Chul Lee,Jung Hee Kim,Hyun Kyu Jeong,김형아,허용,Kwang-Ho Kim 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.3
Indoor animal husbandry environments are inevitably contaminated with endotoxins. Endotoxin exposure is associated with various inflammatory illnesses in animals. This cross-sectional study evaluated the relationship between the degree of endotoxin exposure and the cellular and humoral immune profiles of fattening pigs. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein of 47 pigs from ten pig farms in Korea. Whole blood cell counts and plasma immunoglobulin (Ig) classes were determined. Peripheral-blood mononuclear cells were stimulated in vitro with concanavalin A for 48 h, and cytokines released into culture supernatants were measured. The barns in which the pigs lived were assessed for endotoxin levels in the total and respirable dust by using the limulus amebocyte lysate kinetic QCL method. Low and high endotoxin exposures were defined as ≤ 30 and > 30 EU/m3, respectively. Compared to pigs with low endotoxin exposure (n = 19), highly exposed pigs (n = 28) had higher circulating neutrophil and lymphocyte (particularly B cells) counts, IgG and IgE levels, interferon-gamma (IFNg) and interleukin (IL)-4 productions, and lower IgA levels and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa) production. The IL-4, IFN, and TNFa levels significantly correlated with endotoxin level and/or pig age. Constant exposure of pigs to high levels of airborne endotoxins can lead to aberrant immune profiles.
반유한 직립형 동부의 생력재배에 적합한 파종기 및 재식밀도
김 동관,김 용순,박 흥규,권 오도,신 해룡,최 경주,이 경동,임 요섭 한국작물학회 2014 Korean journal of crop science Vol.59 No.3
The purpose of this study was to establish the proper sowing time and planting density of cowpeas for labor-saving cultivation. Experiments were carried out in Naju, Jeonnam Province (Latitude 35° 04' N, Longitude 126° 54' E) during 2012 and 2013. The intermediate-erect type strains used in this study were Jeonnam1 and Jeonnam2. Sowing was performed five times between June 25 and August 5 at approximately 10-day intervals in order to establish proper sowing time, and sowed at 5,000, 10,000, 15,000, and 20,000 plants per 10a to establish proper planting density. The days from sowing to first flowering was shortest (32 days) in plants sowed on July 25 and became longer for plants sowed on or around July 25. The days from sowing to first flowering was longest (41 days) in plants sowed on June 25. The days from first flowering to first maturing was shortest (8 days) in plants sowed on June 25 and, became considerably longer at later sowing dates. The days from first maturing to first harvesting ranged from 8 to 10 days, with little difference among the sowing periods. Plants sowed on August 5 harvested at the same time, and plants sowed between June 25 and July 25 were harvested either three or two times. The yield was highest in plants sowed on July 25: 209 kg/10a was harvested for Jeonnam1 and 221 kg/10a for Jeonnam2. Furthermore, harvested at the same time enabled when the harvesting was delayed for around 15 days because the share of the seeds first harvested was highest (91%). The proper planting density was estimated to be 15,000 plants/10a, showing the highest yields of 199 kg/10a for Jeonnam1 and 224 kg/10a for Jeonnam2.
손경동,위성신,안상태,임 풍 대한미용성형외과학회 1997 Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Vol.3 No.1
Nasal dorsal support may be weakened or lost during the corrective rhinoplasty procedures such as resection of dorsal deviation, osteotomies and reposition of deviated nasal bones, and incision, fracture, resection or scoring of the dorsal septal strut especially in the small flat noses. Partial or total augmentation of the nasal dorsum has an important role in the correction of asymmetry and restoration of aesthetic balance in the considerable amount of traumatic nasal deformities. We reviewed medical records, pre- and postoperative photographs of 53 patients with traumatic nasal deformities, which had been corrected by augmentaion rhinoplasties. The majority of the patients were male (70%), ages of twenties and thirties (79%), injured by automobile accident, fist blows, and sports activites (76%), and were operated more than 3 years after injury(74%). Types of deformities were deviation only (47%), depression only (23%), deviation and depression (19%), deviation and hump (8%), and depression and widening (6%). At least two corrective procedures were needed in the deviated deformities and one procedure in the depressed deformities. Materials for augmentation were silicone implants in 55% and autogenous tissues in 45%. In terms of postoperative complications, displacement and/or absorption were observed in 6 of 24 (25%) autogenous augmentations and displacement and/or swelling in 8 of 29 (27.6%) silicone augmentations.