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이란은,임채훈,이혜련,김석진,이영석 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.12
CF4 plasma treatment is performed on commercial TiO2 to improve the photocatalytic efficiency. The CF4plasma treatment is a facile and fast method for simultaneous introduction of carbon and fluorine atoms onto TiO2. Photodegradation of rhodamine B, methyl orange, and methylene blue is carried out under solar light irradiation todetermine its CF4 plasma treatment effect. The dye removal of commercial TiO2 to rhodamine B, methyl orange, andmethylene blue is 60.0, 18.9, and 49.2%, respectively, whereas TiO2 treated with CF4 plasma for 50 min is 93.5, 71.0, and88.6% for rhodamine B, methyl orange, and methylene blue, respectively. In addition, the photodegradation rate constantsof TiO2 treated with CF4 plasma for 50 min were 0.0135, 0.0083, and 0.0129min1 for rhodamine B, methylorange, and methylene blue, respectively, which are up to 7.5 times higher than that of untreated TiO2 (0.0049, 0.0011,and 0.0039min1). This improvement is attributed to the increase in oxygen vacancies by the introduction of carbonatoms into TiO2 using CF4 plasma treatment. In addition, the F ions physically adsorbed to the TiO2 surface promotethe formation of hydroxyl free radicals, enabling effective decomposition of various dyes.
이란은,김민지,이혜련,임채훈,이영석 한국공업화학회 2020 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2020 No.-
In this study, ACFs were treated with oxygen plasma to investigate the gas-sensing properties of dimethyl methylphosphonate, a simulated gas of chemical weapons, according to the oxygen functional group content of ACFs. As the flow rate of oxygen gas during the plasma treatment increased, the proportion of C-O, C=O and O=C-O bonds increased, and the oxygen content increased by 36.6%. On the other hand, as the flow rate increases, the specific surface area tends to decrease because the activated carbon fiber surface is etched by the active species during oxygen plasma treatment. The resistance change rate of the DMMP gas sensor increased from 4.2% to 25.1% as the oxygen plasma treatment flow rate increased. This is because the surface polarity of ACFs increased by oxygen plasma treatment, and the interaction with DMMP increased. Therefore, oxygen plasma treatment can be also considered as one of the major surface treatment method of detecting DMMP.
이란,서강민,김영임,임란,위하연,이풍연,옥선아 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2020 농업생명과학연구 Vol.54 No.6
이 연구의 목적은 근육 세포의 증식 배양을 위해 필요한 핵심 인자인 혈청이 혈청 대체물의 첨가에 의해 대체될 수 있는지를 분자 생물학적 측면에서 검증하는 것이다. 혈청 대체물이 첨가된 low serum (5% FBS) 기반의 promo cell 배지는 성장 배양액으로 사용되었고, 마우스 하지 골격근의 근육세포는 pre-plating (pp) 방법에 의해 분리되었다. Pre-plating 4의 세포는 작고 둥근 형태의 굴절성을 가진 Myoblast/satellite like cells의 형태가 관찰되었으며, 근육 줄기세포 전사인자들(Pax3/7, Myf5, Myod1)과 골격근 발달 전사인자(Myog)의 발현량이 섬유아세포와 비교하여 높게 나타났다. 따라서 그들을 Myoblast derived cells로 명명하고, 기본 세포주로 사용하였다. 분리된 MDCs는 5%, 10% 혹은 20% 혈청이 첨가된 배양액에서 2주간 배양되었다. 배양 6일째부터 대조군(5% 혈청)과 비교하여 20% 혈청은 세포 수가 증가하였으며, 양적 혈청 농도 의존성이 확인되었다. 증식 및 세포사멸 관련 유전자들은 대조군과 비교하였다. 배양 1주 차에 20% FBS군은 세포증식 촉진 유전자인 Myc 발현이 증가한 반면 pro-apoptosis 유전자인 Bax의 발현량이 감소했고, 2주 차에는 세포주기정지 인자인Cdkn1a의 감소와 Myc의 지속적인 증가와 Bax/Bcl의 감소가 나타났다. 각기 다른 FBS 처리농도에서 배양된 Myoblast derived cells을 동일한 Myotube유도 배양액에서 2주간 분화하였다. 대조군과 비교하여 20% FBS군은 Myod1, Myog, Myf6, Myh1의 유의적 증가가 1주부터 확인되었다. 결론적으로 혈청 대체 물질은 근육세포 배양액에서 혈청의 효과를 완벽히 모사할 수 없음이 증명되었고, 따라서 체외에서 상업적 목적의 근육 세포 대량 증식 및 분화를 위해서는 적절한 혈청 대체물 개발이 선행돼야 할 것으로 사료된다. This study was performed to examine whether serum used for growth of skeletal muscle cells in vitro can be replaced by serum substitutes or not. Briefly, It was used commercial Promo cell growth medium with serum replacements (5% FBS) as a basal growth medium (GM). Mouse skeletal muscle cells were isolated from hind limb by Pre-plating (pp) technology. The isolated cells at pp 4 stage showed small and round morphology with refractive looks like myoblast/satellite like cells, and showed increase of Pax3/7, Myf5, Myod1 and Myog expression compared to fibroblasts. The cells were then named as myoblast derived cells (MDCs), and were used for the further experiments. MDCs were cultured into GM supplemented with 5, 10 or 20% FBS for 2 weeks. The total cells number were calculated after every 2 days using a hemocytometer. The number of cells increased significantly in 20% FBS cultured cells as compared to control (≥6 days) and was positively correlated with FBS concentration. Proliferation and apoptosis related genes were analyzed by real time PCR. It was shown the upregulation of Myc expression and downregulation of Bax by 20% FBS treatment at 1 week. Furthermore, there was reduction of Cdkn1a/ Bax/Bcl2 and increase of Myc expression at 2 weeks in 20% FBS cultured cells compared to control. The MDCs were differentiated with Promocell differentiation media (serum free) for 2 weeks, where 20% FBS compared to control showed significantly increased in expression of Myod1/Myog/Myf6/ Myh1 from 1 to 2 weeks. In conclusion, serum substitutes could not fully mimic the properties of the serum in the muscle cell culture. Therefore, for mass production of muscle cells for commercial purposes, it is necessary to develop the suitable serum to overcome cost and the ethical implications of extracting FBS.
전시부스 디자인을 위한 다차원적 커뮤니케이션 모델작용 연구
이란표(Ran Pyo Lee) 한국디자인문화학회 2011 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.17 No.3
본 연구는 커뮤니케이션의 새로운 패러다임 모색의 문제와 이를 구체적으로 실현할 수 있는 공간구성양태들 중의 하나로서 전시커뮤니케이션의 모델구성의 문제를 해결하는 데에 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 다차원적 커뮤니케이션 모델과 그 실제적 공간구성양태라고 할 수 있는 전시커뮤니케이션 간의 결합 고리로서 ‘뷜러(Karl Buhler)’의 오르가논 모델이 전시커뮤니케이션 논의를 위한 다차원적 커뮤니케이션 모델의 기본구조로서 상세히 고찰된다. 이와 더불어 다차원적커뮤니케이션 모델이 전시커뮤니케이션에 직접 적용될 가능성을 모색하기 위해 구체적인 사례분석 작업이 이루어진다. 방법론적으로는 이론적 작업들의 재전유와 실제 영역들에서의 분석검증방법이 사용된다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 기호화 작용, 전시마케팅 작용, 의미소통 작용이라는 세 가지 지표들의 공통적인 작용은 ‘전달’, ‘정보’, ‘이해’의 다차원적 연결망의 성립을 가능케 해주며, 이를 통해 독자적인 의미생성의 공간으로서 총체적 커뮤니케이션의 작용공간인 이미지공간이 만들어진다. ‘결합성(connectivity)’이라는 가장 단순하면서도 가장 함축적인 구조로 이루어진 이미지공간은 자기조절적이고 자기지시적인 의미연관으로서 공간지각 이미지들의 무한한 그물망적 계열들의 연결망의 형태를 갖는다. This study is purposed to offer the theoretical fundamental and system of the multi-dimensional communication for the exhibition booth design and its expressional elements especially by shedding light on the ‘Organon-Model’ of Karl Buhler as an grounding model of the multi-dimensional trade fair communication and by clarifying the model construction and the modalities of the multidimensional trade fair communication. The research range of this study is limited to the reappropriation of the Organon Model as the typical of the multidimensional communication and the phenomenology of the inter-subjectivity of Husserl as the fundamental theory of the Organon Model, and also to the application of the Model to the exhibition communication and the case analysis. Methodologically the ways of the theoretical reappropriation and the practical verification are carried into execution. The result of this study can be resumed as follows: Through the common functioning of the signifying, the exhibition marketing and the communication is formed a multi-dimensional network of ‘transmission’,‘information’ and ‘understanding’, and based on this an image space as an independent meaninggenerative communication space is made up. The image space that has a simple and implicative structure of ‘connectivity’ is characterized as the network of endless series of the images of the space perception, which is self-regulative and self-referential.