효율적인 종웅돈의 관리

이경록,Lee, Gyeong-Rok 대한양돈협회 1986 養豚 Vol.8 No.9

여름철의 웅돈관리 대책

이경록,Lee, Gyeong-Rok 대한양돈협회 1989 養豚 Vol.11 No.6

뉴스 데이터 인덱싱을 위한 매트릭스 거리 기반 화자변화 검출에 대한 연구

이경록(Gyeong-Rok Lee) 한국정보기술학회 2013 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.11 No.1

도심밀도관리를 위한 용도용적제 시행방안에 대한 연구

이건록(Lee, Gun-Rok),이경록(Lee, Gyeong-Rok),여춘동(Yeo, Chun-Dong) 한국주거환경학회 2014 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.12 No.1

Development density zoning as a management approach established in the system is a multi-functional society resulted in the failure of the density distribution. Therefore, the improvement of the existing zoning system established through the study of the effectiveness of urban development density to find the purpose of this management plan In this study, through the use of a first volume and a viable model for the Yeoksam-dong, Gangnam-gu is verified through simulations and the results are as follows. It is difficult to secure additional urban infrastructure in accordance with the purposes of floor area ratio, it is more efficient to apply. Therefore, the amount of traffic caused many commercial areas difficult to secure the infrastructure established by application to the development of urban density, it is appropriate to administer. In addition, through management density suitable for purposes of traffic congestion, reducing the degree of the required infrastructure were quantifiable. On these result, we can recognize the practical floor area ratio by floor use application. And this study has significance that floor area ratio by floor appreared to show higher utilization level as a means of managing urban density.

B16F1세포에서 항산화 활성 및 멜라닌 합성에 대한 유백피 에탄올 추출물의 효능

권은정(Eun-Jeong Kwon),박혜정(Hye-Jung Park),김문무(Moon-Moo Kim),이경록(Kyeong Rok Lee),홍일(Il Hong),이도경(Do Gyeong Lee),오영희(Yunghee Oh) 한국생명과학회 2014 생명과학회지 Vol.24 No.9

멜라닌은 superoxide, hydroxyl radical, singlet oxygen, hydrogen peroxide와 같은 활성산소를 생성하는 자외선으로부터 피부를 보호하는 핵심적인 역할을 한다. 그러나 지질, 단백질, DNA 산화를 야기시키는 활성산소는 주근깨와 기미의 원인으로 알려진 melanin 과잉생산을 유도한다. 한약재중에서 본 연구에 사용된 유백피는 주요성분으로 flavonoids를 함유하는 것으로 보고되었다. 본 연구의 목적은 B16F1에서의 유백피 에탄올 추출물의 미백효과 및 항산화 효과를 조사한 것이다. UMEE는 3.12 μg/ml 이하의 농도에서 세포독성을 보여주지 않았다. 항산화 실험에서 UMEE는 높은 환원력과 DPPH 소거효과를 보여주었다. 더욱이 UMEE는 지질과산화 억제효과가 있는 것으로 관찰되었다. UMEE는 in vitro에서 tyrosinase활성에 대한 억제효과는 없었다. 그러나 UMEE는 melanogenesis에서 중요한 효소인 tyrosinase 및 tyrosinase related protein-2 (TRP-2)의 발현을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 UMEE가 항산화 활성뿐 만 아니라 tyrosinase 및 TRP-2의 발현억제를 통한 미백효과를 나타내어, 피부에 미백효과를 줄 수 있는 기능적인 잠재성을 가지고 있다는 것을 암시한다. Melanin plays a key role in the protection of skin from ultraviolet light that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide, hydroxyl radical, singlet oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. However, the ROS leading to the oxidation of lipids, proteins and DNA are involved in the overproduction of melanin that is known to cause melasma, age spots and freckles. Among the herb medicines, Ulmus macrocarpa used in this study was reported to contain flavonoids as a main component. The aim of this study is to investigate the whitening and anti-oxidant effects of Ulmus macrocarpa ethanolic extracts (UMEE) in B16F1 cells. UMEE below 3.12 μg/ml did not show cytotoxicity. In an anti-oxidant experiment, UMEE showed not only high reducing power and scavenging activity on DPPH, but it was also observed that UMEE exhibit an inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation. UMEE did not display an inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity in vitro. However, UMEE inhibited melanin synthesis in B16F1 cells. In addition, UMEE reduced the expression levels of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein- 2 (TRP-2), which are key enzymes in melanogenesis. These results indicate that UMEE exert a whitening effect through the inhibition of both tyrosinase and TRP-2 expressions as well as anti-oxidant activity, suggesting that UMEE could have the functional potential for a whitening effect on the skin.

백복령 주정 추출물의 멜라닌합성 억제를 통한 미백효과

박혜정(Hye-jung Park),권은정(Eun-Jeong Kwon),김문무(Moon-Moo Kim),이경록(Lee Kyeong Rok),홍일(Hong il),이도경(Lee Do Gyeong),오영희(Yunghee Oh) 한국생명과학회 2014 생명과학회지 Vol.24 No.5

백복령(Poria cocas)은 전통적으로 민간에서 피부미백에 효과가 있다고 보고되어 있다. 지금까지 melanin 합성에 대한 백복령의 직접적인 효과는 과학적으로 잘 연구되어 있지 않다. 따라서 멜라닌 합성에 대한 백복령 주정추출물(PCEE)의 직접적인 효과를 밝히기 위해, 쥐의 B16F1 세포를 이용하여 DOPA synthesis assay, tyrosinase activity assay, Western blotting for melanogenic proteins [tyrosinase, tyrosinase related protein (TRP)-1 and TRP-2]를 수행하였다. 본 연구에서 PCEE가 3,4-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DOPA) 합성을 차단함으로써 농도 의존적으로 melanin형성을 억제한다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 비록 tyrosinase의 활성은 영향을 받지 않았지만 TRP-1 과 TRP-2의 단백질 발현 수준은 PCEE에 의해 조절되었다. 따라서 이러한 결과는 PCEE가 미백 효능을 가지고 있어 미백 화장품 개발을 위해 이용될 수 있다는 것을 시사하고 있다. Poria cocas has been reported to be effective in skin whitening. However, the direct effect of P. cocas ethanol extracts (PCEE) on melanin synthesis has not been scientifically studied. To elucidate the direct effect of PCEE on melanogenesis, a 3,4-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DOPA) synthesis assay, tyrosinase activity assay, and Western blotting for melanogenic proteins, including tyrosinase, tyrosinase- related protein (TRP)-1, and TRP-2 were performed in mouse B16F1 cells. The results revealed that PGEE inhibited melanin production in a dose-dependent manner by blocking the synthesis of DOPA. Although the activation of tyrosinase was not affected, the expression levels of TRP-1 and TRP-2 were controlled. These results suggest that PCEE has a whitening effect, indicating that it may be a useful agent in the development of whitening cosmetics.

미백과 항산화에 미치는 백복령, 감초, 유백피 추출 혼합물의 영향

권은정(Eun-Jeong Kwon),박혜정(Hye-Jung Park),남향(Hyang Nam),이수경(Su-Gyeng Lee),홍수경(Su-gyoung Hong),김문무(Moon-Moo Kim),이경록(Kyeong Rok Lee),홍일(Il Hong),이도경(Do Gyeong Lee),오영희(Yunghee Oh) 한국생명과학회 2014 생명과학회지 Vol.24 No.10

활성산소는 피부손상을 일으키는 지질, 단백질, DNA의 산화를 유발시킨다. 더욱이활성산소는 기미, 검버섯, 주근깨를 생성하는 멜라닌생성과정을 촉진시킨다. 수많은 생약재중에서, 백복령, 감초, 유백피는 각각 parchymic acid, glabridin 및 flavonoid 를 함유하고 있다고 보고되어 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 기능성 미백화장품을 개발하기 위하여 B16F1 세포에서 백복령, 감초, 유백피 혼합추출물(PGUE)의 항산화 및 미백효과를 조사하는 것이다. PGUE는 높은 환원력 뿐만 아니라 DPPH radical 및 지질과산화 억제효과를 나타내었다. 항산화효과 뿐만 아니라 PGUE는 양성대조군으로 사용된 arbutin과 비교하여 melanogenesis와 관련 있는 tyrosinase 효소활성을 크게 감소 시켰다. 더욱이 PGUE는 살아있는 melanome세포에서 melanin합성을 억제하였다. 또한 PGUE는 superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1)및 tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1) 단백질 발현을 억제시킨다는 것이 발견되었다. 이러한 결과들은 PGUE가 피부에 대한 항산화효과 및 미백효과를 가지고 있다는 것을 나타내어, 기능성 미백화장품의 개발을 위한 유효한 성분으로 이용되어 질 수 있다는 것을 암시하고 있다. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to lead to oxidation of lipids, proteins, and DNA and cause skin damage. Moreover, ROS promote melanogenesis, which causes melasma, age spots, and freckle. The main compounds of the herbal medicines Poria cocas, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, and Ulmus macrocarpa were reported to be parchymic acid, glabridin, and flavonoids, respectively. The aim of this study was to investigate the whitening and antioxidant effects of a mixture of P. cocas, G. uralensis, and U. macrocarpa extracts (PGUE) in B16F1 cells to develop whitening cosmetics. PGUE inhibited DPPH radicals and lipid peroxidation, in addition to high reduction power, compared with Glycyrrhiza uralensis ethylacetate extracts (GUEE). Furthermore, PGUE exhibited a protective effect against DNA oxidation induced by the hydroxyl radicals. In addition to its antioxidant activity, the inhibitory activity of PGUE against tyrosinase, which is associated with melanogenesis, was greater than that of arbutin used as a positive control. Moreover, PGUE exerted an inhibitory effect on melanin synthesis in live melanoma cells and reduced the expression levels of superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) and tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1). These results indicate that PGUE has skin whitening and antioxidant effects, suggesting that this mixture can be used as the main ingredient in the development of effective whitening cosmetics.

마이크로니들의 형태 및 적용방법이 약물의 피부 투과에 미치는 영향

임지호,이경록,이은주,조정원 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2012 藥學論文集 Vol.27 No.-

The purpose of this study is to develop the microneedle using biodegradable and biocompatible polymer and to pioneer the new route of drug delivery through the research to apply the most desirable administration form of small molecules, peptides, proteins, genes, biological products including vaccines. Various biocompatible microneedles were manufactured. To apply drug to microneedle, drug formulation using ethylene vinyl acetate patch or polyacryl acid gel was developed. Drug permeation into rat skin based on the application method of patch or gel with microneedle was studied using Franz diffusion cell system. In vitro drug permeation results showed that the permeation by the application of hollow microneedle was not increased compared with solid microneedle. When G60 or G60*2 microneedle was used, the permeated amount of calcein was increased compared to when solid microneedle was used. The permeated amount of lidocaine HCl in 12 hr was increased when microneedle was used was increased. Skin irritation followed by microneedle showed there was little difference in the decrease of redness after microneedle application based on application time.

구강점막 부착용 케토프로펜 고분자 필름의 제조 및 평가

박진석,이상은,강봉석,이경록,이은주,박정숙 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2014 藥學論文集 Vol.29 No.-

Abstract – The objective of this study was to prepare ketoprofen-loaded buccal adhesive patch. The adhesive patch was formulated by casting method using aqueous soluble polymer povidone K17 (PVP 17PF) as film-forming agent and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) as adhesive agent. To compare the effect of HPMC type, different molecular weight of K4M and K15M HPMC was used. The physicochemical properties of patches such as appearance, thickness, in vitro release, and adhesiveness were investigated. The concentration of ketoprofen was determined spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 233 nm. The appearance of prepared patches was semi-transparent, light-yellow or almost colorless, and odorless. Thickness of each patches (n=6) was 0.895 ± 0.033 mm for K4M patch and 0.727 ± 0.036 mm for K15M patch. In vitro release test, both K4M and K15M patches showed over 20% release within 30 min. At 120 min, K4M and K15M patches demonstrated 95% and 67.5% release of ketoprofen, respectively, and up to 240 min, both patches released drug completely. Maximum adhesive force of K4M and K15M patches was 6.571 ± 2.703 gf and 2.735 ± 1.151 gf, respectively. Moreover, it took 28.29 ± 0.38 sec and 28.30 ± 0.34 sec for K4M and K15M patch to peel off them after adhesion, showing no significant difference. In conclusion, thickness, in vitro release, and maximum adhesive force could be modulated by alteration of polymer types.

마우스 대장암 모델 구축 및 항암제 활성 평가를 위한 예비 연구

김예솔,강봉석,이상은,이은주,이경록,정상헌,박정숙 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2014 藥學論文集 Vol.29 No.-

Abstract – Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) are early imorphological changes observed in rodents after administration of colon-specific carcinogen such as azoxymethane (AOM). ACF are considered to be putative preneoplastic lesions and are widely used as a surrogate biomarker to rapidly evaluate chemopreventive potential of compounds. The size of colorectal cancer was evaluated after administration of three anticancer drugs, 1 parent drug and 2 prodrugs. The body weights of mice were measured daily and considered as a surrogate for evaluation of general wellbeing. Colons were removed, cut along the longitudinal axis and flushed with phosphate-buffered saline. Each colon was cut into three equal lengths and fixed flat between filter papers. The fixed colon sections were stained with methylene blue. The number of ACF per colon, the number of aberrant crypts observed in each focus and the location of each focus were recorded. After single administration of AOM and multiple doses of anticancer drugs, no significant changes in the body weights of the mice was observed which was recorded for 52 days. However, an expected ACF was not observed in any treated groups. These findings suggest the induction of ACF in mice requires the promotion by dextran sulfate sodium as well as the initiation by AOM.