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원자층 증착법을 이용한 AlN 박막의 성장 및 응용 동향
윤희주,김호경,최병준,Yun, Hee Ju,Kim, Hogyoung,Choi, Byung Joon 한국재료학회 2019 한국재료학회지 Vol.29 No.9
Aluminum nitride (AlN) has versatile and intriguing properties, such as wide direct bandgap, high thermal conductivity, good thermal and chemical stability, and various functionalities. Due to these properties, AlN thin films have been applied in various fields. However, AlN thin films are usually deposited by high temperature processes like chemical vapor deposition. To further enlarge the application of AlN films, atomic layer deposition (ALD) has been studied as a method of AlN thin film deposition at low temperature. In this mini review paper, we summarize the results of recent studies on AlN film grown by thermal and plasma enhanced ALD in terms of processing temperature, precursor type, reactant gas, and plasma source. Thermal ALD can grow AlN thin films at a wafer temperature of $150{\sim}550^{\circ}C$ with alkyl/amine or chloride precursors. Due to the low reactivity with $NH_3$ reactant gas, relatively high growth temperature and narrow window are reported. On the other hand, PEALD has an advantage of low temperature process, while crystallinity and defect level in the film are dependent on the plasma source. Lastly, we also introduce examples of application of ALD-grown AlN films in electronics.
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Enumeration of viable microbial cells by peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence method
오상곤,윤희주,차승희,정윤수,Oh, Sang-Kon,Youn, Hee-Ju,Cha, Seung-Hee,Chung, Yun-Su Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 1991 한국생화학회지 Vol.24 No.1
원핵 및 진핵세포의 전자전달계로부터 electron transport catalysts을 사용하여 과산화수소의 생성유도가 가능하였고 생성된 과산화수소는 peroxyoxalate 화학 발광반응을 이용하여 정량적으로 측정할 수 있었다. 따라서 과산화수소의 정량에 의한 이들 세포수의 측정이 가능하였다. 세포의 redox system으로부터 전자를 용존산소에 직접 전달하는 과산화수소의 생성능은 Escherichia coli의 경우 menadion이 phenazine ethosulfate와 phenazine methosulfate보다 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 과산화수소의 생성을 위한 menadione의 최적농도는 0.5 mM이었다. 0.5 mM menadione을 Escheichia coli에 혼합시 에 반응 10분내에 $3.5{\times}10^4\;cells/ml$까지 측정이 가능하였고 Saccharomyces cerevisiae는 반응시간 3분내에 $2.3{\times}10^4\;cells/ml$까지 측정 할 수 있었다. 그리고 Escherichia coli의 경우 반응 3분내에 측정가능한 세포수는 $3.5{\times}10^5\;cells/ml$이었다. Hydrogen peroxide was produced from viable cell by electron transport catalysts-mediated reaction. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide produced was determined by peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence method. Therefore, this method could be applied to the counting of bacteria and yeast cell. Among the tested electron transport catalysts, menadione was the most active catalyst for producing the hydrogen peroxide. And the optimum concentration for counting of viable cell was 0.5 mM. When 0.5 mM menadione was used, Escherichia coli cell ($8.1{\times}10^7\;cells/ml$) could produce $24.2\;{\mu}M$ hydrogen peroxide and the cell density above $3.5{\times}10^4\;cells/ml$ determined within 10 min. Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell density $2.3{\times}10^4\;cells/ml$ was determined within 3 min. The detectable minimum cell density of Esherichia coli was $3.5{\times}10^5\;cells/ml$ within 3 min.
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Peroxyoxalate 화학발광법에 의한 세포수 측정에 관한 연구
오상곤,윤희주,차승희,정윤수 ( Sang Kon Oh,Hee Ju Youn,Seung Hee Cha,Yun Su Chung ) 생화학분자생물학회 1991 BMB Reports Vol.24 No.1
Hydrogen peroxide was produced from viable cell by electron transport catalystsmediated reaction. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide produced was determined by peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence method. Therefore, this method could be applied to the counting of bacteria and yeast cell. Among the tested electron transport catalysts, menadione was the most active catalyst for producing the hydrogen peroxide. And the optimum concentration for counting of viable cell was 0.5 mM. When 0.5 mM menadione was used, Escherichia coli cell (8.1×10^7 cells/ml) could produce 24.2 μM hydrogen peroxide and the cell density above 3.5×10⁴cells/ml determined within 10 min. Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell density 2.3×10⁴cells/ml was determined within 3 min. The detectable minimum cell density of Esherichia coli was 3.5×10^5 cells/ml within 3 min.
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Detection of Salmonella Group with Monoclonal Antibodies
차승희,오상곤,김지천,윤희주,정윤수,Cha, Seung-Hee,Kim, Sang-Kon,Kim, Jee-Cheon,Yun, Hee-Ju,Jung, Yun-Su Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 1989 한국생화학회지 Vol.22 No.1
열처리된 Salmonella typhimurium 세포를 이용하여 Salmonella에 대한 단일클론성 항체를 생산하는 hybridoma 3종을 얻었다. 3종의 hybridoma는 각각 다른 항체 IgG1 k, IgG2a k, IgM을 생산하였으며 이들 항체는 EIA로 Salmonella와 다른 세균들에 대한 특이성을 검토하였다. IgG1 k 항체는 시험된 Salmonella균과 Enterobacter clocae 및 몇종의 E. coli strain과 친화성이 있었으며 IgM항체는 대부분의 세균에 대해서 친화성을 나타내었다. IgG2a k 항체는 Salmonella strain과 E. coli strain B에 약한 친화성을 나타내었다. IgG2a k 항체는 modified double antibody sandwich EIA에서 Salmonella 항원을 $5{\times}10^3cells/ml$ 농도까지 검출 가능하였으며 항체역가는 mouse 복수액에서 $5{\times}10^4$이었다. Monoclonal antibodies were produced against whole cells of heat treated Salmonella typhimurium. From the Balb/c mice immunized, 164 hybridomas were obtained. Of 164 hybridomas, six reacted with all three species of Salmonella; three were cloned. Monoclonal antibodies from three hybridomas were characterized to belong to IgG1 k, IgG2a k, IgM subclass respectively. Among them, IgG2a k revealed the most specific reactivity of Salmonella species tested, even though reacted weakly with one of E. coli strains, whereas IgGl k and IgM were found to cross react with some strains of Enterobacteriaceae. By using a modified double antibody sandwich EIA together with IgG2a k, a minimum level of cells of Salmonella species detected was estimated $5{\times}10^3$ cells/ml. Antibody titer of IgG2a k in ascite fluids was $5{\times}10^4$.
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Bacillus cereus에 있어서 Phospholipase C활량에 관한 몇가지 계면활성제의 영향
권오용,윤희주,한수자 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1987 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.14 No.2
This study demonstrates the effects of four detergents and three on the activity change of phospholipase C which is prepared from the cultural broth of Bacillus cereus. This assay of phospholipase C activity was carried out with phosphatidylcholine micelles which were mixed with the detergents and sterols, with increase a molar ratio of these compounds to phosphatidylcholine. Phospholipase C was highly activated at 0.5 molar ratio of Tween 80-mixed micelles. In the case of Triton X-100, it was activated at higher molar ratio indicated 1.0. Sodium dodecyl sulfate was more effective than that of the other detergents at lower molar ratio. However sodium deoxycholate-mixed micelles increased the activity more 7 times than that of the control group. This maximum activation was occurred at 2.5 molar ratio and the turbidity was gradually decreased. Cholesterol and ergosterol increased the activity until molar ratio reached up to 0.9. But the activity was higher at 0.3 molar ratio for stigmasterol. Consequently, it was indicated that phospholipase C was activated with the supplement of detergents until the mixed micelles made a number of small and spherical shape.
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