http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
청심포자음(淸心蒲子飮)의 구속 스트레스 및 절개 통증에 대한 항스트레스 작용과 진통효과
윤정환,고일규,신말순,김창주,이충열,Yoon, Jeong-Hwan,Ko, Il-Gyu,Shin, Mal-Soon,Kim, Chang-Ju,Lee, Chung-Yeol 대한동의생리학회 2007 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.21 No.4
The aqueous extract of Chungsimyeonja-eum has been used to treat palpitation, anemia, chronic fatigue, hypertension, and stroke. It also possesses various pharmacological effects including hypotensive, blood circulating, sedative, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and anti-stress activities. In the present results, the latency time of plantar test was decreased in the immobilization stress and incusion pain-induction group. However the paw withdrawal latency values were increased in the immobilization stress and incision pain-induction groups after treatment with the aqueous extract of Chungsimyeonja-eum. The c-Fos expression in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) in the dorsal raphe were enhanced in the immobilization stress and incision pain-induction groups. However, the treatment with the aqueous extract of Chungsimyeonja-eum suppressed the immobilization stress and incision pain-induced increase of c-Fos, 5-HT, and TPH expressions. Here in this study, we have demonstrated the protective effects of Chungsimyeonja-eum on immobilization and incision pain-induced stress. The present study revealed that Chungsimyeonja-eum treatment diminishes immobilization and pain stress.
지속적으로 HBeAg 양성인 B형 만성 간염 환자에서의 생화학적 간기능 검사치의 높은 관해율
김정룡(Chung Yong Kim),이효석(Hyo Suk Lee),윤정환(Jung Hwan Yoon) 대한소화기학회 1993 대한소화기학회지 Vol.25 No.6
N/A The course of chronic hepatitis B is characterized by clinical and biochemical exacerbation and remission. It has been established that the clearance of HBeAg is usually accompanied by biochemical remission. However, no study has been attempted to determine the cumulative biochemical remission rate in patients with chronic hepatitis B and persistent HBe antigenemia. Therefore, we conducted a prospective, ]ongitudinal study to investigate the biochemical remission rate in 102 HBeAg-positive patients with chronic hepatitis B. Biochemical remission was defined as an improvement of serum ALT value into normal levels. They were followed up over a period of 1~3 yr with a regular checkup for serum HBeAg and biochemical liver function tests evety 1~3 months. The cumulative remission rates of a total number of 102 patients were 53.92%, 76.47% and 84.31%, at the end of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd year of follow-up, respectively. The rates of biochemical remission in patients with negative seroconversion of HBeAg were 90.00%(9/10), 96.77%(30/31) and 94.87%(37/39) at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd year of follow-np, respectively. In comparison, the biochemical remission rate in, patients with persistent HBe antigenemia at the 1st year was lower than that of the patients with negative seroconversion of HBeAg; however, the rates were comparable to those of the patients with negative HBeAg seroconversion at the end of 2nd (38/53: 71. 70%) anr 3rd (4/4: 100%) year. We concluded that serum HBeAg/anti-HBe system may not be an adequatc variable for predicting the biochemical remission and accompanying clinical outcome of chronic hepatitis B, because biochemical remission rates in patients with chronic hepatitis B and persistent HBe antigenemia were as high. as those of the patients with negative seroconversion of HBeAg except for the 1st year.
B형 간염바이러스 표면항원과 항체가 동시에 발현된 만성 간염 환자에서 표면항원 `a` 결정기 유전자의 변이
박중원(Joong won Park),윤정환(Jung Hwan Yoon),황유진(You Jin Hwang),이효석(Hyo Suk Lee),김정룡(Chung Yong Kim) 대한소화기학회 1997 대한소화기학회지 Vol.29 No.2
N/A Background/Aims: A humoral escape mutant of hepatitis B virus(HBV) having mutations at HBsAg a' determinant has been found in patients with concurrent HBsAg and anti-HBs in sera. This study was undertaken to investigate whether such a variant was involved in Korean patients with chronic hepatitis B, Methods: We conducted an analysis of sequences of DNA encoding the HBsAg a' determinant in six chronic hepatitis B patients with concurrent HBsAg an6 anti-HBs positivity, and in three HBsAg-positive controls without anti-HBs in sera. One of the six cases 4ad received long-term hepatitis B immunoglobulin treatment after liver transplantation and five were chronic hepatitis B patients with naturally occurring concurrent HBsAg and anti-HBs. HBV DNA extracted from sera of nine patients was amplified and sequenced within the S gene encoding the a' determinant. Results: HBVs from three controls had no rnutations in the a determinant. Six patients with concurrent HBsAg and anti-HBs had point mutations in the S gene encoding the a' determinant. A liver-transplanted patient had substitutions at nucleotide 587(arginine for glycine at aa 143) and nucleotide 561(tyrosine for serine at aa 136) of the S gene. All of the five patients with naturally occurring concurrent HBsAg and anti-HBs had a substitution at nucleotide 531(serine for isoleucine at aa 126) and four of five had substitutions at nucleoti<le 546 and 552(asparagine for threonine at aa 131 and threonine for methionine at aa 133). One case had three consecutive substitutions at nucleotide 554, 555, 556(arginine for phenylalanine at aa 134). Conclusions: These results demonstrated the presence of mutations at HBsAg a detenninant in Korean chronic hepatitis B patients with concurrent HBsAg and anti-HBs. (Korean J (astroente- rol 1997;29:182 - 191)
소간세포암에 대한 근치적 절제 후의 생존율 및 예후 결정인자
우광훈(Gwang Hoon Woo),윤정환(Jung Hwan Yoon),한철주(Chul Ju Han),이효석(Hyo Suk Lee),이건욱(Kun Wook Lee),김정룡(Chung Yong Kim) 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.53 No.5
N/A Background: The survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has recently been improved by the advancement in the early detection of HCC. Among the various treatment modalities, the surgical resection has been considered as the most effective for small HCC, and the clinical course of patients with small HCC who underwent curative resection is known to be dependent on the etiology of HCC. Since the differences in the etiology of HCC depend on the different geographical area, it is necessary to verify the clinical outcomes and their affecting factors in patients with small HCC after curative resection in Korea, one of the hepatitis- B-virus(HBU)-endemic areas. Methods: A total of 89 patients with small HCC (≤3cm in diameter) and adequate hepatic functional reserve(Child's A or B). who had undergone curative resection at Seoul National University Hospital between January 1985 and December 1994 were enrolled and retrospectively analyzed to evaluate clinical course and to assess the prognostic factors. Results: Serum HBsAg and anti-HCV were positive in 70% and 25% of patients, respectively, and pre-existing liver cirrhosis was found in 73% of patients. Postoperative mortality and morbidity occurred in 2.2% and 21% of patients, respectively. Cumulative recurrence rates at the end of 0.5, 1st, 2nd and 3rd year were 6.3Ya, 15.7%, 35.l% and 52.9%, respectively; cumulative probabilities of progression to hepatic decompensation at the end of 1st, 2nd and 3rd year were 4.2%, 19.4% and 22.6%, respectively; cumulative survival rates at the end of 0.5, 1st, 2nd and 3rd year were 91.1%, 89.9%, 77.9% and 74.5%, respectively. Six patients died as a result of tumor recurrence and eleven patients died of causes not related to tumor recurrence. The most important predictive factor of shorter survival time and higher rate of hepatic decompensation was vascular invasion. Age(≥50 years old), Child's classification and vascular invasion were factors affecting the rate of recurrence. Conclusion: These results verify that the clinical outcomes of patients with small HCC after curative resection in Korea are similar to those of patients with different etiology of HCC in other geographic areas. To improve the prognosis of patients with small HCC after curative resection, strict preoperative evaluation of the presence of vascular invasion and postoperative preservation of liver function are necessary as well as the close postoperative follow-up for the early detection of recurrence.
백석흠(Seok Heum Baek),윤정환(Jeong Hwan Yoon),정우성(Woo Sung Jung),하형수(Hyeong Soo Ha),정성식(Sung Sik Chung),염정국(Jeong Kuk Yeom) 대한기계학회 2014 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.38 No.2
본 연구에서는 바이오디젤연료 혼합비변화에 대한 디젤엔진의 배기특성에 대해 조사하였다. 실험에 사용된 연료는 경유와 바이오디젤(폐식용유) 혼합연료 BD3, BD5, BD20, BD50 및 BD100을 사용하였으며, 실험변수로서 분사압력(ΔPinj)을 400bar, 600bar, 800bar, 1000bar 및 1200bar로 설정하였다. 분사압력과 바이오디젤 혼합연료 혼합비에 따른 정량적인 NOx와 Soot의 배기특성 해석을 위하여 통계학에 기초한 피어슨 상관계수와 스피어만 상관계수의 개념을 도입하였다. 본 연구의 결과로서 실험 조건 전체에 대한 피어슨 상관계수는 -0.732, 스피어만 상관계수는 -0.724로 NOx와 Soot 발생의 상관관계가 선형적이다. 특히 분사압력 800bar 조건에서 피어슨 상관계수가 -0.089으로 NOx와 Soot 배출량 상관관계가 0에 가깝기 때문에, 바이오디젤 연료 혼합비 제어를 통한 NOx와 Soot의 동시저감이 가능하다고 판단된다. In this study, the characteristics of exhaust gas as a function of the biodiesel mixing ratio were investigated. Diesel and waste oil were used for preparing mixed fuel, and the ratios of the mixed fuel were varied in the BD3~BD100 range. The injection pressures(ΔPinj) was considered as an experimental variable and was set to 400 bar, 600 bar, 800 bar, 1000 bar, and 1200 bar. Furthermore, for quantitatively analyzing the characteristics of exhaust gas(NOx and Soot), the concepts of Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient based on statistics were introduced. Consequently, it was found that the correlation of the emission of NOx and Soot is linear, and the Pearson and Spearman coefficients are -0.732 and -0.724, respectively, under all analysis conditions. Especially, for the injection pressure of 800 bar, a simultaneous reduction in NOx and Soot emission is possible by controlling the biodiesel mixing ratio. This is because the correlation coefficients of NOx and Soot emissions were nearly 0, as the Pearson correlation coefficient was -0.089.
커먼레일 디젤엔진에서 바이오디젤 연료의 혼합비율에 대한 배기가스의 특성 평가
백석흠(Seok Heum Baek),윤정환(Jeong Hwan Yoon),정우성(Woo Sung Jung),하형수(Hyeong Soo Ha),정성식(Sung Sik Chung),염정국(Jeong Kuk Yeom) 대한기계학회 2013 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2013 No.5
In this study, the characteristics of exhaust gas according to mixing ratio of bio diesel fuel were evaluated. The fuels which was used in this study are biodiesel mixed fuel of 3%, 5%, 20%, 50% and 100% Also, injection pressures as a experimental variable were set to 400bar, 600bar, 800bar, 1000bar and 1200bar. Generally, unlike Soot emissions, the more injection pressure is applied, the more nitrogen oxides(NOx) are occurred. To analyze experiment data about NOx and Soot, Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient were used. Consequently, the values of Pearson correlation and Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient were ?0.732 and ?0.724. There is little difference between the two values. Since the two values is less than l, the relation of NOx and Soot in linear. At 800bar, Pearson correlation coefficient is ?0.89. Therefore, in order to remove NOx and Soot, this paper reveal that 800bar condition is advantageous.