위암 환자의 혈장 및 종양 조직에서 측정된 그렐린 농도의 임상적 의의

안지영,최민규,홍성권,백용해,노재형,손태성,김성,An, Ji-Yeong,Choi, Min-Gew,Hong, Seong-Kweon,Baik, Yong-Hae,Noh, Jae-Hyung,Sohn, Tae-Sung,Kim, Sung 대한위암학회 2005 대한위암학회지 Vol.5 No.4

목적: 그렐린은 위에서 주로 생산되며 체내 영양상태를 반영하고 에너지 항상성 유지에 관여한다. 위암으로 위 절제수술을 받은 환자의 혈장 및 조직의 그렐린 수치와 임상소견과의 관련성, 혈중 그렐린 수치와 위 암 조직 의 그렐린 수치의 상관성에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2004년 7월부터 9월까지 위암으로 진단받고 근치적 위전절제술과 위아전절제술을 시행 받은 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 수술 전 3개월 이내에 체중이 5% 이상 감소한 군과 5% 미만으로 감소한 군으로 나누어 임상적 특징, 생화학 검사소견, 체질량지수, 종양의 병기, 조직 유형, 혈액과 조직의 그렐린 펩타이드 농도를 측정하였다. 또한 수술 방법에 따라 수술 전후의 체질량지수, 생화학적 검사 소견, 혈중 그렐린 농도의 변화를 측정하였다. 결과: 체중 감소 정도에 따른 환자들의 임상 양상, 혈중 그렐린 농도, 종양 조직 및 정상조직의 그렐린 수치에는 유의한 차이가 없었고 이들 사이에 상호 연관성 역시 찾을 수 없었다 그러나 두 군 모두에서 종양 조직의 그렐린 수치는 정상 조직의 그렐린 수치에 비해 유의하게(P<0.0001)감소되어 있었고 종양의 분화도에 따라 종양 조직의 그렐린 수치에 유의한 차이가 있었다(P=0.007). 위아전 절제술을 시행 받은 환자들의 수술 후 7일 째 혈장 그렐린 농도는 수술 전 농도의 $36.5{\pm}25.6%$로, 위전절제술을 시행한 경우는 수술 전 농도의 $47.3{\pm}34.3%$로 감소하였다. 절제 범위에 따른 수술 전 후의 혈중 그렐린 농도에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론: 위암의 발생 및 종양의 분화도는 그렐린의 생성에 영향을 미치며 위 조직의 그렐린 수치는 체내 그렐린 생성량을 반영하지 못한다. 위는 그렐린 생성의 주요 장소이며 위 절제 범위에 따라 혈중 그렐린 농도에 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 보아 위전절술 후 다른 장기에서 그렐린이 대상성으로 더욱 증가하였음을 알 수 있다. 그렐린의 생성에 영향을 미치는 다른 인자들에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각한다. Purpose: Ghrelin, produced primarily in the gastrointestinal tract, including the stomach, has been reported to reflect nutritional status and to control homeostasis by influencing food intake and adiposity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate nutritional status, as well as plasma and gastric tissue ghrelin levels, in patients with gastric cancer who underwent a gastrectomy. Materials and Methods: Eighty patients were analyzed by the degree of weight loss $(weight\;loss{\geq}5%\;or\;<5%)$ and the extent of gastrectomy (subtotal or total gastrectomy). Blood samples were collected from all patients preoperatively and postoperatively especially at seven days. Gastric tissues, including tumor and normal tissues, were obtained from the resected stomach. levels of plasma and tissue ghrelin were measured with a commercial ELISA kit. Results: There were no significant differences in the clinical characteristics and ghrelin levels of plasma, gastric tumor tissue and normal tissue by the degree of weight loss. The ghrelin levels in plasma and tumor tissue showed no correlations with each other while the ghrelin level in tumor tissue was significantly lower than that in normal tissue. The degree of cellular differentiation also had an association with ghrelin production. A gastrectomy proved to decrease significantly plasma ghrelin levels, body mass index, and biochemical markers, regardless of the extent of gastric resection. Conclusion: These results show that gastric cancer affects the production of ghrelin in the gastric mucosa and that ghrelin is mainly produced in stomach even though it could be partially covered by endogenous ghrelin from other organs following a gastrectomy. However, we should further investigate which other factors have an impact on energy consumption, ghrelin secretion, and changes in ghrelin levels after a gastrectomy.

일반병동 입원환자의 어려운 기도 예측 여부에 따른 기관 내 삽관의 결과 분석

안지영,최혜란,An, Ji-Young,Choi, Hye Ran 한국중환자간호학회 2014 중환자간호학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to airway failure during endotracheal intubation among patients with and without predicted airway difficulty. Methods: Medical records were examined retrospectively. 329 patients who were admitted to the general ward and underwent endotracheal intubation were included. The incidence of airway failure in the two groups was investigated. Results: The group predicted to have airway difficulty consisted of 79 patients (24.0%) and the group without airway difficulty, 250 (76.0%). The number of cases of airway failure was 50 (15.2%). The factors that were associated with airway failure in the group with predicted airway difficulty were the jaw relaxation score, Cormack-Lehane score, and the device of the first endotracheal intubation attempt. The factors that were associated with the airway failure in the group predicted not to have airway difficulty were the induction agent, jaw relaxation score, Cormack-Lehane score, level of training of the personnel with the first endotracheal intubation success, and the device of the first endotracheal intubation attempt. Conclusion: The prediction of airway difficulty during endotracheal intubation was not effective; however, it was meaningful from the perspective of patient safety.

推量 · 推測의 複合辞에 관한 通時的硏究 : 「-かもしれない」를 중심으로

安志英),안지영(An Ji Young 일본어문학회 2015 일본어문학 Vol.70 No.-

古典文学作品および総合雑誌『太陽』から複合辞「-かもしれない」を抽出 した結果、「謡曲」の『国栖』の用例が初出と推測される。先行研究では近世以降の表現とされるが、それより早い南北朝時代から使われていたことが分かる。接続面では採集された初期の用例はすべて用言接続の口頭語であり、当時は用言接続の口頭語中心に使用されたと見られる。以降、19世紀になってから体言接続も現れるようになり、「-かもしれない」が意味 · 用法をより拡大させながら複合辞として定着していったことを示唆する。抽出された用例のうち、「-かもしれない」の意味を表すものの、「-かもしらない」の表現形式として現れているものが見える。これは文語「知る」が他動詞としては四段動詞活用するが、自動詞としては下一段動詞活用する活用体系との意味の類似点によるもので当時の過渡期的表現として使われたものだと推測される。総合雑誌『太陽』において非常に大きな変化を示したのは「-かもしれない」と「-かもしれぬ」の表現であり、1909年を起点とし、「-かもしれぬ」は徐々に用例が減少する反面、「-かもしれない」の使用率は上昇する。そして、引用句と呼応する用例が多数を示している。

경쟁, 보완관계를 고려한 WiBro 서비스 수요 전망

안지영,이광희,박광만,송영근,An, Ji-Yeong,Lee, Gwang-Hui,Park, Gwang-Man,Song, Yeong-Geun 한국전자통신연구원 2007 전자통신동향분석 Vol.22 No.4

개인용 휴대 인터넷의 개념으로 세계에서 최초로 기술이 개발되고 본격적인 상용화를 개시한 WiBro는 기술개발 초기부터 서비스에 대한 수요예측 작업이 이루어져 왔고, 이는 HSDPA의 경우도 마찬가지이다. 그러나 초기의 수요예측 시점에 가정하였던 여러 가정들이 구체화되고, 정보통신 환경도 변화함에 따라 이제 보다 구체적이고 정확한 수요예측이 이루어질 시점에 도달하였다. 이에 따라 본 고에서는 변화된 여러 환경을 고려하여 WiBro 서비스에 대한 수요예측을 수행하고자 하였다.

複合辞-からして의 変遷에 관한 一考察

安志英(An Ji Young) 일본어문학회 2018 일본어문학 Vol.83 No.-

In this paper, we investigate the origin of a compound particle, which is one of modern Japanese grammar, and its transition process. We will focus on the compound particle –karasite and analyze it from the historical point of view. Four examples have been extracted from four case examples of composite words expressing the original meaning by combining the particles “kara” and “site”. The extracted particle -karasite is used in conversation and it can be said that it is an expression commonly used in speech today. In the previous study, an example in 1906 was supposed to be its first attestation of the particle but in this survey it became clear that it was used from around 1787. The word yorisite was used prior to karasite and it was confirmed that yorisite and karasite came to be used together after the Muromachi Period. Eventually, the usage of the word yorisite was lost and is no longer used in modern Japanese language today. In the future, we will advance the comprehensive research of compound words by analyzing the origin and development of such words.

複合辞に関する通時的研究

안지영(An, Ji-Young, 安志英) 일본어문학회 2010 일본어문학 Vol.50 No.-

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the origin of the compound particles tobakari(ni) and n(nu․nai) bakari and bakarini and follow the integration of the compound particles in language over time. The first known appearance of tobakari(ni) in Japanese literature was in the year 951 Yamatomonogatari. Nowadays it means “as if it is so”, but until Meiji era, it meant “Only that”. According to my research, from the Meiji period, the usage of toiwanbakari gradually increased. As result of this influence, the meaning of tobakari (ni) was changed for the similarity. On the other hand, the first known appearance of n(nu․nai)bakari in Japanese literature was in the year 1672 Chikusaibanasi. It is often used with the verb “iu” like “iwanu(iwan)bakari”. And from Meiji period, It's usage increased rapidly Relative Clauses such as n(nu․nai) bakarino . bakarini was derived the Heian period's form of sibakarini . But the first known appearance of tabakarini in Japanese literature was in the 18th century. bakarini was often found in magazine articles and novels. As such, bakarini was used exclusively in written language.

상품의 가치 제고를 위한 헬스케어디자인의 공공성

안지영(An, Jiyoung),박태진(Park, Taejin),이태경(Lee, Taekyung),백진경(Paik, Jinkyung),성윤정(Sung, Yunjung) 인제대학교 디자인연구소 2012 Journal of Integrated Design Research (JIDR) Vol.11 No.2

디자인은 상품을 생산하기 위한 창조적 과정의 실현이자 인공물로서 우리 일상에서 벗어날 수 없는 유, 무형의 존재이며 공적 가치를 포함한다. 본 논문은 인문학적인 관점에서 상품, 디자인 가치, 헬스케어디자인의 공공성을 논하였다. 상품의 인문학적 가치를 제고하기 위해 본 논문은 상품의 경제적 생산관계와 사용가치, 사용가치와 동 일시된 교환가치를 중시했던 마르크스로 거슬러 올라가 분석하였다. 상품가치는 마르크스의 물신숭배(fetishism), 보드리야르의 시뮬라시옹(simulation), 루카치의 물화 (reification)로 표현된다. 본 연구는 헬스케어디자인의 가치와 관련하여 공공성의 인식을 위한 철학적 전제를 마련하는 데에 그 목적이 있다. 공공성의 철학적 전제는 차이의 미감, 공공의 미감, 디자인정치로 표현된다. 첫째, 공공디자인의 주체를 형성하는 차이의 미감은 대상에 대한 규정적 부정(estimmte negation)을 근거로 한다. 자기와 다른 타자, 즉 대상에 대한 인식은 ‘차이’에서 시작된다. 둘째, 주체의 선점이 없는 공백의 공간은 공공의 미감으로 나타난다. 그것은 다양한 배치를 인정할 수 있는 비어 있음의 공간인 동시에 고착되는 소유의 의미를 벗어나 사회적 관계를 형성 할 수 있는 가능태이다. 셋째, 디자인정치는 차이와 공공의 미감이 자리잡을 수 있는 사회적인 관계의 구축이다. Design is realization and an artifact of the creative process to produce goods and also is an intangible as well as tangible presence being indispensable in our everyday life. From the perspective of humanities, this paper aims to discuss product, design values and publicness of healthcare design in the public sphere. The value of humanities of the commodity, economic production values and utility values were represented in this paper. Marxist ideology, which thought highly of exchange values that was identified with utility values, also was considered for the study. In the paper, commodity values were discussed through the relationships between Marx"s fetishism, Jean Baudrillard"s simulation, and reification of Lukas. This study aims to prepare philosophical premises for the recognition of publicness in relation to the values of healthcare design. The philosophical premises of publicnessare expressed with aesthetics of differences, aesthetics of vacancy and design politics. First, the aesthetics of differences constituting the subject of public design are based on definable negation (bestimmte Negation) of the object. The recognition of others who are different from self, namely, of objects begins from "differences.’ Second, vacant space without the preoccupancy of the subject appears as the aesthetics of vacancy. It is possibility of being capable of constantly building social relations getting out of the meaning of fixed possession as well as space of vacancy to admit a number of arrangements. Third, it can be said that design politics is involved with building social relations in which aesthetics of differences and vacancy can be settled.

天草本ㆍ国字本『伊曾保物語』에 나타난 原因ㆍ理由表現에 관한 일고찰

안지영(安志英)(An, Ji-Young) 일본어문학회 2011 일본어문학 Vol.55 No.-

本稿は口頭語性の強い『天草本伊曽保物語』と文章語性の強い『国字本伊曾保物語』を対象とし、そこに現れている原因ㆍ理由表現を分析してその特徴を明らかにするものである。『天草本伊曾保物語』における原因ㆍ理由表現には「已然形+ば」「ところで」「ところに」「によって」「ほどに」があり、「已然形+ば」は単純な原因ㆍ理由を表す場合に主に用いられており、「によって」「ほどに」はより因果関係の強い表現として用いられていた。これらの用例数に拠って「によって」「ほどに」の使用時期を予測してみると、「によって」の方が「ほどに」より使用時期が早かったと推測でき、それ以後「ほどに」がより多く用いられていくことが分かる。そして、『国字本伊曾保物語』では見られない「ところで」「ところに」の用例と「已然形+ば」の用例の中、逆接の意味で解釈される用例があるが、このようなものが口頭語的表現といえよう。一方、『国字本伊曾保物語』における原因ㆍ理由表現には「已然形+ば」「ほどに」「によって」「あまり」「ゆえに」がある。「によって」「ほどに」はより因果関係の強い表現として用いられているが、「ほどに」は特に多数見られる。これは「ほどに」が次第に文章語的な性格を持つようになることを示唆していると思われる。

일본 애니메이션을 활용한 인문학 교육 사례 연구

안지영(An Ji Young) 일본어문학회 2017 일본어문학 Vol.78 No.-

本研究は、大学における人文学教育の多次元的な方法論研究のために試みた授業実践の一つであり、日本の大衆文化、特に日本のアニメを活用し、新しい科目を開発していくことを目標とした基礎研究として、学習者の人文学的な素養育成のために実施した授業事例の報告である。人文学というものは、人間と世界との関係を理解することを基盤として、自分と世界を多角的な視野で見ることを可能にし、人間として成長させるための学問である。そのため、人文学の教育は小・中等教育課程ではもちろん、大学の教育課程でも多様な教育が必要とされる。よって本論文では、これまで韓国で行われてきた古典教育プログラムで問題となっていた古典に対して偏見を持ったり、敬遠したりする副作用を最小化し、より容易に触れられるように日本のアニメを活用して授業を行った事例を報告・検討する。本実践では学生たちの積極的な授業参加と教育的な効果を増進させるため、課題解決型学習(Problem Based Learning)を導入し、日本のアニメ󰡔もののけひめ󰡕󰡔攻殻機動隊󰡕などを取り扱い、人文学に対する学生の意識変遷を顕在化させた。これはアニメが娯楽的で非教育的であるという固定観念から脱却し、人間の価値にかかわる諸問題を扱える人文学的な資料として十分に価値があるという認識転換の機会を与えられた点でもその意義があると考えられる。今後、それらの分析を踏まえて、より積極的な授業実践を展開し、実用的な導入と提案方法についても研究を進めていきたい。 This research is one of class practices that I attempted to study multidimensional methodology of humanities and literature education at a university, and to develop new subjects using Japanese pop culture, especially Japanese animations. The humanities literature is an academic discipline that enables us to see ourselves and the world from a multifaceted perspective based on the understanding of the relationship between humans and the world and to grow as human beings. Therefore, the education of humanities requires diverse educations not only in the elementary and secondary curriculum but also in the curriculum of universities. In this paper, in order to minimize the side effects of the prejudice about, and the avoidance of, the classics which had been a problem in the classical education program which has been held in Korea, to make it easier to touch Japanese animations. In this practice, we introduced the Problem Based Learning method to promote active student participations and educational effects, and introduced the Japanese animations, “Mononoke Hime” and “Ghost in the Shel” . The manifestation of the transition of the students’ consciousness to humanities was revealed. This is also given the opportunity to change the perception that it is sufficiently valuable as a humanistic material that can deal with various issues related to human values, escaping from the fixed idea that animations are entertainment and non educational. It is considered to have its significance. Based on these analyses, we will develop more aggressive lesson practices in the future, and I would like to conduct research on the practical introduction and suggestion method.

意志·決定을 나타내는 複合辞의 통시적 연구

안지영(An, Ji-Young) 일본어문학회 2021 일본어문학 Vol.94 No.-

本研究は、意思·決定を表す現代日本語複合辞｢-(よ)うとする｣を中心 に、その成立と変遷過程を究明するものである。まず｢-むとす(る)｣の初出は『日本書紀』である。その後、江戸時代まで｢-むとす(る)｣の用例を確認することができる。しかし、｢-むとす(る)｣は平安時代以降用例が減少するが、｢-んとす(る)｣は、『源氏物語』を起点にその用例数が増加している。これは意志を表す助動詞｢む｣と｢ん｣の変化の傾向と同じで、複合辞として定着していく過程でも、その傾向が反映されている。次に｢-んとす(る)｣の初出は『常陸国風土記』である。意志動詞とともに使用されている。今回の調査では｢-むとす(る)｣と｢-んとす(る)｣は混在して使用された時期 があったことが分かった。また、｢-うとす(る)｣の初出は、近松門左衛門の作品の『心中万年草』である。特記すべきことは、｢-うとす(る)｣の用例がほとんど近松門左衛門の作品から抽出されている点である。しかし、本調査では、現代日本語の形態である｢よう｣が含まれている用例は、抽出されなかった。ただし『天草本平家物語』と『狂言集』に、｢-うとす(る)｣の形ではないが、現代日本語の｢よう｣に接続した例が確認できた。このような接続形態は、16世紀頃から使用されていることが分かる The focus of this study is the expression of decision, process of the formation and transition of the modern Japanese Compound Auxiliary Verbs ‘-(yo) utosuru’. The first appearance of ‘-Mutosu(ru)’ is ‘Nihonshoki’ and it was used until the Edo period. However, the use of ‘-Mutosu’ diminished beginning in the Heian period but increased beginning in the ‘Genji Monogatari’. This is the same trend existing in the auxiliary verbs ‘mu’ and ‘n’ to express will and it is reflected in the process of becoming established as a compound verb. In addition, the first appearance of ‘-Ntosu(ru)’ is ‘Hitachinokunihudoki’ and it was used with verbs that express will. In this study, it was found that there was a time when ‘-Mutosu(ru)’ and ‘-Ntosu(ru)’ were used together. Lastly, the first appearance of ‘-Utosu(ru)’ is the work of Chikamatsu Monzaemon’s ‘Shinjumannenso’. It should be noted that most of the examples of ‘-utosu(ru)’ are extracted from the works of Chikamatsu Monzaemon. However, in this study, examples containing ‘you’, which is a form of modern Japanese, were not extracted. In ‘Amakusabon Heike Monogatari’ and ‘Kyogen’, there is an example of connecting to ‘you’ in modern Japanese, although it is not in the form of ‘-(yo)utosu(ru)’. It can be seen that the form of such a connection has been used since the 16th century.