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송성화(Song, Sunghwa),전영한(Chun, Young-han) 서울행정학회 2012 한국사회와 행정연구 Vol.23 No.3
In recent years, it has been increasingly argued that the public policy implementation structures are changing from hierarchies to network structures. However, some scholars have questioned this argument, observing that policy implementation networks are the exception, not the rule. To provide an empirical contribution to this debate, this study analyzes 250 acts that were legislated in two periods: the 11th Korean National Assembly (1981-1985) and the 17th Korean National Assembly (2004-2008). The results reveal that the formal policy implementation structures in Korea are dominated by multi-actor network structures, rather than single-actor hierarchical structures. However, there is little evidence that multi-actor network structures are becoming predominant. Another finding demonstrates that the actual policy implementation networks in Korea tend to consist of actors from inside the public sector, rather than inter-sectoral networks between the public and private sector. Finally, the results support the observation that implementation structures in Korean government vary according to the policy area. The major implication of this study is that while the evidence generally supports the dominance of multi-actor network structure in Korean policy implementation. the landscape of policy implementation is much more complex in reality than the hierarchy-network dichotomy.
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정책수단의 효과성 인식에 관한 탐색적 연구 -한국 중앙행정기관 공무원을 중심으로-
송성화 ( Sunghwa Song ),전영한 ( Young Han Chun ) 한국정책학회 2015 韓國政策學會報 Vol.24 No.4
정부가 활용하는 정책수단은 매우 다양하며, 각각의 정책수단이 갖는 효과성에 대한 인식도 인식주체 혹은 정책수단의 유형에 따라 달라진다. 이 연구에서는 우리나라 중앙행정기관에 근무하는 공무원들이 보다 효과적이라고 인식하는 정책수단은 무엇이며, 이러한 정책수단 효과성 인식에 영향을 미치는 조직적 혹은 개인적 요인은 무엇인지에 대한 실증적 분석을 실시하였다. 총 39개 중앙행정기관에 소속된 공무원 1,200여명을 대상으로 수집된 자료에 대한 위계적선형모형(HLM) 분석 결과에 따르면, 우리나라 정부에서 시장유인을 활용한 정책수단에 대한 관심과 활용이 증대하고 있다는 일부의 시각에도 불구하고 공무원들은 규제와 같이 강제적인 수단이 정책목표 달성에 더욱 효과적인 것으로 인식하는 경향이 있음이 확인되었다. 또한 공무원의 정책수단 효과성 인식의 영향요인으로는 해결해야 할 정책문제의 다양성, 정책기능, 제도적 위치, 인적규모 등의 조직적 특성과 직급과 재직기간 등의 개인적 특성 등이 중요한 요인으로서 발견되었다. 이러한 공무원의 정책수단 효과성 인식은 정책수단의 효과에 대한 이론적 주장과 실제정책수단의 활용간의 간극을 설명할 수 있는 중요한 단서가 될 수 있다는 점에서 매우 시사적이다. 특히 정책결정과 집행과정에서 핵심적 역할을 담당하는 공무원들이 강제적 규제를 매우 효과적인 수단으로 인식하고 있다는 점은 기존의 규제완화 노력이 실질적 결과로 이어지지 않고 있는 현실을 이해할 수 있는 새로운 관점을 제공해 준다고 볼 수 있다. A government utilizes multiple policy instruments to achieve policy goals. A perception about the effectiveness of policy instruments differs depending upon evaluators’ personal characteristics and types of policy instruments. This study examined which instruments are more effective to achieve policy goals and which factors influence on the perception about effectiveness of policy instruments by using survey data collected from 1,200 public officials working in 39 central government agencies in Korea. The data for this study was analyzed in hierarchical linear model. The findings suggest that public officials perceive that coercive instruments such as regulation are more effective to achieve policy goals despite the increasing interest in and use of market-based instruments. At the organizational level, policy problem complexity, policy function, institutional location, and organization size were founded as statistically significant factors that influence on the perceived effectiveness of policy instruments. At the individual level, position and tenure had a statistically significant relationship with perceived effectiveness of policy instruments. The results are important in that it could explain the gap between theoretical claims of policy instruments and actual utilization of policy instruments to accomplish policy goals. In particular, public officials, who take central roles in the policy implementation, recognize that the mandatory regulations are effective instrument. This finding shows that the efforts for deregulation might not have practical effects.
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김철호,이정환,송성화 서울産業大學校 2005 논문집 Vol.54 No.2
Air pollution especially in the urban area is serious issue to be solved all through the world. As well known, main source of air pollution is urban transportation such as public buses, taxis and private vehicles that uses conventional gasoline and diesel engines. Because not only for the pollution problem but for the shortage of the clued oil people has been studied on the development of alternative fuels for the vehicles. One of the alternative energy sources is electric energy that is renewable source from nature. For the last decade, several major automotive manufacturers in the world have been spent huge budget for R&D to develop lower emission power train system and it is now released to the market as hybrid engine which operates both conventional gasoline or diesel engine in half and an electric motor on the other half. However, the hybrid engine still consumes HC fuel and produces the pollution. Now people are interested in the development of electric vehicle that uses only electricity as fuel. The electric energy is clean and renewable from several sources in nature such as solar, wind, hydro-power, fuel cell etc. In this study, an analytical simulation algorithm is developed to estimate the performance of power train system of an electric vehicle that is propelled by electric energy storied in a rechargeable battery. The theoretical concept is based on the conservation of energy and several experimental data such as rolling resistance, mechanical efficiency of power transmission etc are incorporated to have the power required for the electric vehicle designed. From calculation, the running resistance of designed vehicle is obtained with the change of the inclined angle of road and gear ratio of transmission.
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