한국어 주격조사의 통합적 분석

서장국 한국외국어대학교 언어연구소 2024 언어와 언어학 Vol.0 No.104

Identifying five variational forms for the Korean subject case markers, I suggest ika as the base form of the Korean subject case markers, from which the appropriate variational forms are phonologically derived through the interaction of ranked constraints via Optimality Theory. This approach resolves the formalist problems related to the derivation of the Korean subject case markers and enables an integrated analysis predicting the variational forms of the Korean subject case markers. Moreover, it comprehensively accounts for the variational differences found in one dialect (i.e., Yanbian dialect) as well as across Korean dialects.

영어의 분절과 분철에 관하여

서장국 천안대학교 2003 진리논단 Vol.- No.8

언어학과 성경해석 : 의의와 전제 풀로서의 의미를 중심으로

서장국 천안대학교 2006 진리논단 Vol.- No.11

Tensification of English Loanwords in Korean

서장국,박석문 한국중원언어학회 2017 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.43

There have been no satisfactory analyses of tensification phenomena in explaining the behavior of word-initial tensification of English loanwords in Korean. The purpose of this paper is to examine tensification phenomena of English loanwords used by Korean speakers focusing on word-initial stop consonants. For this purpose, we propose the notion of strong and weak vowels, and argue that English /b, d, g/ are perceived by Korean speakers as the tense stops /p’, t’, k’/ before the strong vowels, /a, æ, ʌ, o/. Meanwhile, they become the lenis stops /p, t, k/ before the weak vowels, /i, e, ɯ, u/. This tendency can be interpreted as a hyperbolic perceptual strategy to enhance the distinctiveness of Korean stop consonants from English in the word-initial position. This matching of strong with strong and weak with weak between consonants and vowels constitutes another kind of co-articulation process. Thus we suggest a new vowel classification (i.e. strong and weak) is necessary in Korean phonology in addition to the Light and Dark vowel classification used for explaining vowel harmony and ideophones.

국제화와 문화간 의사소통

서장국,이원혁 천안대학교 2006 진리논단 Vol.- No.12

Bread, Roses and Soul : 기독교 신앙과 언어학의 연계모색

서장국 천안대학교 - 기념논문집 Vol.30 No.2

Aspects of Linguistic Elements in Korean Car Names

서장국,박석문 반교어문학회 2007 泮橋語文硏究 Vol.0 No.23

This study deals with some aspects of linguistic features found in Korean car names. In naming cars, we need to consider not only commercial aspects butalso such linguistic elements as etymology, meaning, pronunciation, etc. In most cases, Korean car names originate from foreign words. Of the 107 car names, 58 names are from English (e.g. Chairman), 15 from Latin (e.g. Magnus), 10 from Italian (e,g, Verna), 9 from Spanish (e.g. Cielo), 6 from Greek (e.g. Arcadia), 4 from French (e.g. Trazet), 3 from Korean (e.g. Nubira), 1 from Malay (e.g. Istana), and 1 from Tibetan (e.g. Lotze). The most important factor in naming cars is found in the meanings. The meaning of the word (i.e. name) should have a good nuance about it and be relevant to the form, function and size of the car (e.g. Grandeur vs. Tico). Another important factor is pronunciation. Even though the names are foreign words, they are fairly easy to pronounce and euphonious to hear. The names are less than three syllables and have simple syllable structures. No matter how good a meaning a car’s name has, it cannot be used if the sound is associated with a bad connotation (e.g. Sonata). This can be of great importance in advertising and marketing internationally (e.g. Chevy Nova) (Oaks & Stageberg, 2000:73). Other important linguistic aspects to consider in naming cars are socio-cultural elements. Because of this, in many cases, Korean cars have different names for domestic and foreign sales (e.g. Mussso (for domestic sales)—Korando(for Spanish speaking countries). Quite a few car names are formed by the processes of word-formation known as compounding, acronymy, blending and a combination thereof (e.g. Tico: Tiny+Cozy/ Sephia: Style+Economic+Power+Hi-tech+Ideal+Auto).

A Contrastive Analysis of [h]-deletion: English vs. Korean

서장국,박석문 한국현대언어학회 2005 언어연구 Vol.21 No.1

The purpose of this study is to show the contrastive aspects of [h]-deletion in Engkish and Korean within the framework of Optimality Theory (henceforth, OT). In this paper, we will show that [h]-deletion can be effectively accounted for when we take positional elements into consideration as its conditioning factor. Traditionally, [h]-deletion in English has been understood as a stress governed process. However, [h]-deletion does not occur in word-initial positions even though [h] comes before an unstressed vowel (e.g. Hawáii, haráss, etc.). This shows that stress is relevant to the deletion of [h] but that is not the only conditioning factor in English. The distribution of [h] is only partially contingent on stress (cf. Hammond 1999). By contrast, in Korean [h]-deletion usually occurs in the syllable-initial position, an exception being the word-initial position (e.g. /ahop/→[aop] 'nine', /homi/→[homi] *[omi] 'a weeding hoe'). Since Korean is not a stress‐timed language, stress cannot be a conditioning factor for the [h]-deletion process. However, [h]-deletion is not effective in word-initial positions both in English and Korean regardless of stress. This suggests that the word-initial position is strongly pronounced/perceived in speech whether stressed or not.

음악의 구성과 영어 강세 패턴 및리듬과의 상관관계

서장국,배석철 한국중원언어학회 2019 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.50

The purpose of this study is to clarify the musical characteristics of English and the common characteristics shared by music and English stress patterns and rhythm. For this purpose, we examined the stress patterns and rhythm of the basic English words and applied them to the analysis of English hymnal. The findings of our analysis showed that the stress patterns of the English words are very similar to the beat types of music. The basic rhythm of the English language is closely related to that of music and the two apparently different phenomena can be explained through the common principles of rhythm. Additionally, the concept of syllable extrametricality used in stress assignment of the English words turned out to be very similar to the application style and nature of the incomplete bar of music. Finally, it was confirmed that the stress patterns of the English words faithfully match the lyrics of the English hymns under the rhythm principle of music.

Compensatory Lengthening and Vowel Shortening in Korean: A Conspiracy Effect

서장국,박석문 한국외국어대학교 언어연구소 2012 언어와 언어학 Vol.0 No.56

Rule-based theory fails to make the prediction of the functional unity of phonological processes because it has no formal mechanism to express the notion of output goal of phonological rules (Kager 1999). According to Kisseberth (1970), the reoccurrence of a common output factor guiding different rules, without being explicitly stated in the rules, is called a ‘conspiracy'. These functionally related processes can be straightforwardly accounted for by OT. Vowel shortening and compensatory lengthening in Korean seem to be opposite at first glance, but we propose, in this paper, that the constraints proposed here engage in a conspiracy to obtain vowel shortening and compensatory lengthening. Rule-based theory, however, cannot explain this conspiracy effect directly in terms of the formal structure of the analysis because a rule uniquely determines the structural change in response to the structural condition. In contrast, the OT analysis succeeds in explaining this conspiracy by extracting the generalization that underlies it. In this sense, the OT account seems to provide a more satisfactory account of the two different processes in Korean: (vowel) shortening and (compensatory) lengthening.