동남아 시찰단 기행문 <1>

박영대,Park, Yeong-Dae 대한건축사협회 1976 建築士 Vol.1976 No.3

인후두 역류환자에서 이동성 24시간 이중 탐침 산도 검사와 인후두 역류 소견 점수와의 상관관계

박영대,강대운,이진춘,이병주,왕수건,김광하,Park, Young-Dae,Kang, Dae-Woon,Lee, Jin-Choon,Lee, Byung-Joo,Wang, Soo-Geun,Kim, Gwang-Ha 대한후두음성언어의학회 2008 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Background and Objectives: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a very common disease among outpatients of department of otorhinolaryngology. Although there are several diagnostic tools for LPR disease and ambulatory 24-hour double-probe pH monitoring is gold standard method, empirical diagnosis by reflux symptom index and reflux finding score (RFS) are mainly used. So we analyzed the relationship between ambulatory 24-hour double-probe pH monitoring and RFS in patients with LPR. Subjective and Method: Fifty patients with LPR symptoms and abnormal RFS and ambulatory 24-hour double probe monitoring were enrolled. Each items and sum of laryngeal reflux score were compared the results of ambulatory 24-hour double-probe pH monitoring in upper (UES) and lower (LES) esophageal sphincter. Results: There were no significant correlation between the results of ambulatory 24-hour double-probe pH monitoring in UES (pH<4 and pH<5) and each item and sum of RFS. However, supine time and reflux number of UES (pH<5) were showed the partial correlations with diffuse laryngeal edema and thick endolaryngeal mucus (p=0.03, p=0.01). Although there were no relationship between the results of ambulatory 24-hour double-probe pH monitoring in LES and sum of RFS, the significant correlations presented between granuloma and total time (p=0.008), upright time (p=0.008, reflux number (p=0.049) of LES. Conclusion: Although granuloma among items of RFS showed significantly correlation with the results of ambulatory 24-hour double-probe pH monitoring in LES, there were no significant correlation between the results of ambulatory 24-hour double-probe pH monitoring in UES and LES and items and sum of RFS.

The Effect of Wollastonite and Manganese Dioxide on Rice Grown on a Flooded Acid Sulfate Soil

박영대,김영섭,Park, Y.D.,Kim, Y.S. 한국토양비료학회 1970 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.3 No.1

The effect of wollastonite and manganese dioxide on the growth of rice on an acid sulfate soil were investigated in pot experiment. 1. Since aluminum content in the leachate of soil was reduced with increasing the pH and these chemical changes in the leachate were more pronounced by applying wollastonite, aluminum toxicity in flooded paddy rice was overcome by applying wollastonite, or flooding. 2. Poor growth of rice with iron toxicity-like symptoms on the untreated acid sulfate soil may be caused by excess iron and sulfur. Plants applied wollastonite, however, grew normally and did not show any symptoms. Iron and sulfur contents in the plant was reduced by applying wollastonite. 3. Because of the iron content in the both leachate and plant can be lowered by applying wollastonite, iron-toxicity was averted by applying the wollastonite. 4. Application of manganese dioxide in combination with wollastonite did not counteracted iron content in the plant as compared with the wollastonite treatment. 5. The application of wollastonite increased the dry weight of straw and grain yield. Manganese dioxide with wollastonite caused the increase of number of spickelets per panicles and ripened grains as compared with wollastonite. 6. From these results it can be concluded that the major cause of the poor growth of rice on acid sulfate soil is iron toxicity and the Fe-toxicity can be reduced by application of wollastonite. 김해(金海) 특이산성(特異酸性) 토양(土壤)(답(畓))에 대(對)한 규회석(珪灰石) 및 $MnO_2$의 효과를 Pot 시험(試驗)으로 실시한 결과(結果) 1. 특이산성토양(特異酸性土壤)(답(畓))에서 문제시(問題視)되는 토양용액(土壤溶液) 중의 Al함량(含量)은 pH의 상승과 더불어 감소되며 이러한 화학적(化學的) 변화(變化)는 규회석(珪灰石)의 시용(施用)으로 더 현저하며 이와 같은 토양(土壤)에 규회석(珪灰石)을 시용(施用)하거나, 혹은 토양(土壤)을 담수상태(湛水狀態)로 하여 토양(土壤)의 pH를 상승시키면 수도(水稻)에 대(對)한 Al해독(害毒)은 문제(問題)가 되지 않으리라 생각 된다. 2. 삼요소(三要素)만을 시용(施用)한 Pot에 생육(生育)한 수도(水稻)가 Fe-toxicity와 유사한 증상을 나타내며 생육(生育)이 부진한 이유(理由)는 식물체(植物體) 중의 Fe와 S의 함량(含量)이 높은데 기인(起因)하며, 규회석(珪灰石)의 시용(施用)으로 식물체(植物體)중의 Fe와 S의 함량(含量)이 현저히 낮아졌고, 또 수도(水稻)의 생육(生育)도 정상적이었다. 3. 토양용액(土壤溶液) 및 식물체(植物體)중의 Fe 함량(含量)은 규회석(珪灰石)의 시용(施用)으로 감소될 수 있기 때문에 특이산성토(特異酸性土)에서 문제(問題)시되는 Fe-toxicity는 규회석(珪灰石)의 시용(施用)으로 피(避)할 수 있다. 4. 규회석(珪灰石)에 병용한 $MnO_2$는 규회석(珪灰石) 단용(單用)보다 식물체(植物體)중의 Fe함량(含量)을 낮추지 못하였다. 5. 규회석(珪灰石)의 시용(施用)은 건물중(乾物重)과 정조수량(精租收量)을 증가(增加)시켰고 규회석(珪灰石)과 병용한 $MnO_2$는 규회석(珪灰石) 단용(單用)보다 수당립수(穗當粒數)와 등숙율(登熟率)을 증가(增加)시켰다. 6. 이상(以上)의 결과(結果)에서 특이산성토(特異酸性土)(답(畓))에 생육(生育)한 수도(水稻)의 생육(生育)이 부진한 주원인(主原因)의 하나가 Fe-toxicity라 생각되며 이와 같은 답토양(畓土壤)에는 규회석(珪灰石)을 시용(施用)하므로서 Fe의 해독작용(害毒作用)을 억제(抑制)할 수 있을 것이다.

III. 2000년대(年代)를 향(向)한 합리적(合理的)인 토양관리(土壤管理)와 시비(施肥)

박영대,Park, Yeong-Dae 한국토양비료학회 1991 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.24 No.-

농산폐기물(農産廢棄物)의 메탄발효(醱酵)와 그 이점(利點)

박영대,Park, Young-Dae 한국응용생명화학회 1984 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.27 No.suppl.

Anaerobic digestion has recently attracted all over the world and Korea also shows no exception. The major benefits of anaerobic digestion are energy production, water pollution control, pathogen reduction and effective manure production. In Korea it was recognized in late sixties that there was a positive need to find alternative energy for farmers household. The main traditional energy sources in rural area were crop residues and forestry products. Therefore Office of Rural Development through its Rural Guidance Bureau disseminated about 29,000 household biogas units from 1969 to 1975 to provide cooking fuel for farmers household and to improve the mode of farmers living standards. The units were welcomed by farmers at that time. Now, however, most of them are not using due to a number of reasons associated with cold winter and some techno-economical problems (in those day, fossil fuel was quite expensive to compare with other prices and since then farmers income was quickly increased). The author studied on bag type household biogas plant to solve some technical problems of existing household biogas plants, but this also has little appeal for the farmers. From 1977 author studied on village scale biogas plant with two pilot plants. From the viewpoint of energy production, COD removal, kill rate of pathogen and fertilizer value, the results obtained from the experiments were quite promising, but the construction cost of the village scale biogas plant was too high for the farmers in Korea. To find most suitable biogas plant for farmers in Korea through the simplifying the biogas digester, the author developed batch-load biogas plant. By feeding coarse crop residues and manures, total solids concentrations of the batch-load biogas plant are about 28 percent which is much higher than continous digester of 5-8 percent. The batch-load biogas plant was welcomed by many farmers in Korea when it was reported on TV and newspapers. The plant was disseminated 154 units in 1982, 766 units in 1983 and 812 units in 1984 as a promissing project. Besides these biogas plant experiments, studies were also conducted 1) to determine gas production rate with agricultural wastes, 2) to evaluate the effect of loading rate, dilution, retention time on biogas production, 3) to project the amount of potencial energy from agricultural wastes.

메탄발효와 에너지생산 - 유기성폐기물을 이용하여

박영대,Park, Yeong-Dae 한국과학기술단체총연합회 1984 과학과 기술 Vol.17 No.9

동남아 시찰단 기행문 <2>

박영대,Park, Yeong-Dae 대한건축사협회 1976 建築士 Vol.1976 No.4

untitled

박영대(Park Young Dae) 한국기초조형학회 2018 한국기초조형학회 작품집 Vol.2018 No.2

상장을 활용한 서예 수업 사례 연구

박영대(Park Young Dae) 한국미술교육학회 2015 美術敎育論叢 Vol.29 No.4

2009 개정 초등학교 미술교과서 서예 영역을 살펴보면 기존의 임서 활동과 함께 창작 서예인 ‘자기 글씨체 쓰기’가 상당 부분 도입되었다. 하지만 자신의 품성이 드러나는 글씨라기보다 특이한 글씨 만들기에 치우치는 경향이 있다. 임서와 창작을 자연스럽게 연계하면서, 자기의 이야기를 글씨에 담는 활동은 아직 부족하다. 이 글은 상장을 활용한 서예 수업 사례로, 수상 대상 선정하기, 상 이름 정하고 내용 쓰기, 상장 디자인하기, 상장 쓰기, 상장 전달하고 보고서 작성하기 등 다섯 단계의 과정과 함께 수업 결과물을 분류하고 정리하였다. 이 활동의 교육적 의의는, 첫째, 상장 쓰기를 통해 자신이 평소에 쓰는 글씨체에 자부심을 가질 수 있었다. 둘째, 상장에 자기의 일상과 이야기를 담게 되면서 과정에 몰입하고 즐길 수 있었다. 셋째, 상장을 정성스럽게 디자인하고 액자에 넣어 전달하면서 글씨가 교감하고 소통하는 매개체임을 알 수 있었다. 이 수업은 초등학교 예비교사들을 대상으로 한 만큼 초등학교 미술교과서에 근거하고 그 개선안으로써 마련한 것이며, 이를 통해 초등학교 서예수업의 변화를 모색하고 나아가 서예 교육의 목표와 방향을 재고하고자 하였다. The revised art textbook for elementary school(2009) has introduced a creative method for learning calligraphy, “writing in one’s own style,” to complement the preexisting copy-training methods. The new method, however, is identical in format to copy-training, and students tend to focus on inventing unconventional fonts rather than on expressing their personalities in calligraphy. Therefore, there is still a lack of classroom activity that provides a smooth transition from copy-training to creative writing and helps student learn to personalize calligraphy. This report describes a calligraphy instruction based on certificate writing. It documents the instruction program in detail, which consists of choosing an awardee, determining the title and content of the award, designing and producing the certificate, and delivering the certificate. It also classifies and presents the resulting certificates. According to students’ responses, this instruction had the following educational significance: first, students came to value their calligraphic styles; second, drawing upon their own experiences, students were able to focus on and enjoy the instruction; third, through earnest making and delivery of a certificate, students realized the communicative value of calligraphy. Given to prospective elementary school teachers, this instruction aimed to improve the current methods of calligraphy instruction as well as to reconsider the aims of elementary school calligraphy education.

秋落沓의 水稻에 對한 珪酸, 窒素 및 加里의 增施效果

朴永大(Young Dae Park),金泳燮(Yung Sup Kim),孟道源(Do Won Mang) 한국토양비료학회 1971 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.4 No.2