복수하는 여성들 - 영화 <친절한 금자씨>, <Stoker>, 그리고 <아가씨>를 중심으로

김지아 한국문학연구학회 2022 현대문학의 연구 Vol.- No.76

This project aims to analyze the narrative of revenge and redemption by female protagonists in movies directed by Park Chan-wook, one of the most prominent directors in South Korea. Sympathy for Mr. Vengeance(2002), Old Boy(2003), and Sympathy For Lady Vengeance(2005) make up Park’s original neo-noir “revenge trilogy. However, in this essay, I propose a new trilogy featuring a female protagonist--The Handmaiden (2015), inspired by Sarah Waters’s Fingersmith, Vengeance (2005), Stoker(2013)--which creates an experience that is both revealing and inviting. It probes the dynamics between the inner backlash of the ungovernable rage of oppressed female characters and the society they are part of, leading them to seek revenge rather than become victims. The three feature films revolve around deception-based exploitation and violence where the female protagonists encounter a series of injustices by men. I analyze the question of female-to-female solidarity under the guise of retribution, arguing that female revenge should not be interpreted solely as personal attacks. While their roles vary, protagonists have to engage with a misogynist and patriarchal society through violence to seek justice. At the same time, they can fulfill their desire by destroying that “certain type of individual” and that very society that suppresses women. I show how Park portrays the absurdity of a society that suppresses and stereotypes individuals drawing on the narratives and narrative subjects of each films. 본 연구의 목적은 정신분석학적 페미니즘 사유에 근거해 박찬욱 영화의 복수 서사와 그 서사적 주체인 여성을 분석하기 위함이다. 이에 본 연구는 기존의 복수 3부작(<복수는 나의 것>(2002), <올드보이>(2003), <친절한 금자씨>(2005))이 아닌 복수의 행위자로서 여성 주체가 등장하는 <친절한 금자씨>(2005), <Stoker>(2013), 그리고 <아가씨>(2016)를 본 분석의 대상으로 한다. 구체적으로 본고는 해당 작품들의 영화적 텍스트가 공유하는 1) 지배 및 권력 구조에 내포된 규범화와 억압의 문제, 2) 그러한 규범화에 반하는 여성 주체의 욕망, 그리고 3) 주체와 타자 간의 연대를 밝힘으로써 해당 영화 속 서사와 주체에 대한 새로운 이해를 요구한다. 특히 본 연구는 서사적 주체가 체험하는 비극적 사건과 복수의 과정을 사회구조적인 측면에서 접근하고 이를 분석하는데, 각각의 복수 서사 속에서 여성 주체들이 속하는 사회문화적 구조, 그들의 욕망이자 복수의 동기, 그리고 주체와 타자 간의 관계성을 해석함으로써 그들의 연대의 의미를 규명한다. 이에 본고의 의의는 해당 작품들이 개인의 복수를 다룰 뿐 아니라 권력과 지배의 매커니즘과 그 역학을 제시한다는 것을 밝히는 데에 있다. 구체적으로 본 연구는 영화의 서사와 주체를 분석함으로써 사회 내에서 기능하는 특정한 규율이 타자에게 강요되는 데에서 오는 폭력성과 그에 대한 주체의 저항을 규명한다. 그리고 각 작품에서 제시되는 일련의 복수 과정 속에서 여성 주체가 지닌 특정한 성향이나 욕망이 기존의 사회문화의 구조 논리가 아닌 개인의 정체성과 관련된 차원에서 새롭게 포괄된다는 서사적 공통점을 발견한다. 박찬욱의 영화에서 남성에 대한 여성의 복수는 단순히 개인 대 개인의 측면으로만 해석될 수 없는 것이다. 이에 본고는 여성 주체에 의한 복수 3부작의 각 서사와 서사 속 여성 주체를 분석함으로써 해당 작품들이 지니는 영화사적 의미에 대해 탐색한다.

Moderating Effect of Gender in the Relationship between Depression and Waketime Procrastination in Insomnia Patients

김지아,서수연 대한수면학회 2019 sleep medicine research Vol.10 No.2

Background and Objective Waketime procrastination (WP) is a behavior involving delaying getting out of bed in the morning despite being awake. Previous studies have noted a relationship between WP and depression, but there have been a lack of empirical studies investigating this relationship. This study aimed to examine the moderating effect of gender in the relationship between depression and WP in insomnia patients. Methods Participants consisted of 78 adults (men = 52.6%, women = 47.4%), who met DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder. All participants completed the Korean version of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised (K-CESD-R) and sleep diaries for a week. WP behavior was calculated based on sleep diary data using the difference in time between wake time and time out of bed. Weekday and weekend sleep diary data were analyzed separately, as many individuals display different sleep behaviors on the weekend compared to the weekdays. Results Results indicated a significant positive relationship between WP and depression (r = 0.335, p < 0.01). Gender moderated the relationship between depression and WP on both weekdays and weekends [B = −1.239, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −2.092, −0.386 and B = 2.136, 95% CI = 0.643, 3.630, respectively]. Men with high depression showed more WP on weekdays, while women with high depression showed more WP on weekends. Conclusions WP may be an important behavior to consider in the clinical context of providing sleep treatment for individuals who are depressed, especially when considering gender differences.

Validity and Reliability of a Korean Version of the Patulous Eustachian Tube Handicap Inventory (K-PHI) Questionnaire

김지아,최성원,오세준,공수근 대한이비인후과학회 부산,울산,경남 지부회 2021 임상이비인후과 Vol.32 No.2

Background and Objectives: Patulous Eustachian tube (PET) is a rare disease, but it seriously affects patients’ quality of life. There are various treatment methods for PET; however there are no standardized treatment guidelines. The PET handicap inventory (PHI) proposed by Ikeda in Japan has been an effective tool for evaluating the severity of PET. In this study, we evaluated the reliability and validity of the Korean version of PHI (K-PHI). Materials and Methods: Translation of the PHI into Korean was performed by two bilingual otologists. K-PHI was applied to the PET patients at the initial visit and after the treatment, and statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the K-PHI. Patients were divided into two groups according to their treatment methods, and their K-PHI scores were categorized and compared. Results: The Cronbach’s alpha value of the K-PHI was 0.889, similar to the original version PHI (0.887). The Spearman rank correlation coefficients among the ten items, total score, and visual analog scale score for the PET symptoms and total score were calculated, and the significant values were less than 0.05. Conclusions: The K-PHI is a reliable and valid questionnaire to evaluate the severity of PET. Therefore, after an accurate diagnosis is made, the K-PHI can be applied to follow PET patients’ symptoms.

TREND - 욕실이 달라지고 있다

김지아 현대건축사 2002 (월간)Maru Vol.- No.9

수면다원검사 및 양압호흡기 보험급여 이후 수면무호흡증 환자 수 및 의료비용 총액, 수면다원검사 처방, 연구개 수술 추이 분석

김지아,조재훈,김진국 대한이비인후과학회 2024 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.67 No.4

Background and Objectives Since polysomnography and positive airway pressure werecovered by insurance in 2018, there have been many changes in the number of patients diag-nosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), prescriptions issued for polysomnography, soft pal-ate surgery performed and medical cost. However, there has been no clear analysis regardingsuch changes. Subjects and Method Data on the number of patients, medical cost, polysomnography pre-scriptions, and soft palate surgery performed from 2010 to 2022 were extracted from theHealthcare Bigdata Hub and analyzed for trends. In addition, the type of medical institutions,gender and age of patients were also analyzed. Results From 2010 to 2017, the number of patients with OSA increased moderately, but in2019, it surged to 64970. Prior to 2018, more patients received treatment from general hospi-tals than at private clinics, but after 2018, more patients received treatment from private clinicsrather than from general hospitals. Male patients were about four times more likely than femalepatients to receive treatment. Male patients were mostly aged 30-59 years, whereas female pa-tients were more than 50 years old. In 2019, 64970 patients underwent polysomnography. Softpalate surgery was most frequently performed in 2014, and the number of surgeries decreasedafter that until 2018 when it increased again. The total medical cost of patients with OSA was8.6 billion won in 2017, but it soared to 20.2 billion won in 2018 and 55 billion won in 2019. Conclusion After insurance coverage was introduced for polysomnography and positiveairway pressure in 2018, the number of patients with OSA and polysomnography, and medicalcost have increased rapidly. Also, the center of treatment for OSA is shifting from generalhospitals to private clinics.

탄소급원처리에 의한 기내 더덕 식물체의 비대근 형성

김지아,문흥규,최용의 한국식물생명공학회 2013 식물생명공학회지 Vol.40 No.3

In this experiment, we report for the first time mass propagation by in vitro mircrotuberization of Codonopsis lanceolata. We first examined the effect of cytokinins on multiple shoot induction. 2.0 mg·L-1 of kinetin not only gave the highest rate of shoot induction (19.1%) but also the elongation of shoot (17.1 mm). Secondly, we investigated the effect of sugars on in vitro microtuberization from nodal segments. The diameter of tuberous roots was enlarged in the half-strength MS medium supplemented with 145.9 mM sucrose. Histological analysis revealed that the number of parenchymatous cell containing starch grains increased in the tuberous roots. In addition, unlike in non-tuberous root, vascular bundles were scattered inner cortex layer. Thirdly, in order to preserve and stimulate the germination, microtubers were stored at 4℃ refrigerator during 9 months and then transplanted to the artificial soils (vermiculrite : peatmoss = 1:1 v/v), resulting that the rates of survival and germination were 75% and 70%, respectively. These results indicated that mass propagation of C. lanceolata was achieved by in vitro microtuber formation, suggesting that this protocol might be applied for not only the propagation of elite clones but also conservation of C. lanceolata germplasm.

Elicitor처리가 더덕사포닌 함량에 미치는 영향

김지아,배기화,최용의 한국식물생명공학회 2015 식물생명공학회지 Vol.42 No.3

The roots of Codonopsis lanceolata (Campanulaceae) contain several kinds of triterpenoid saponin with high medicinal values, which have been used in traditional medicines. This study investigates the impacts of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) - adding time on the saponin synthesis and the hairy root growth of C. lanceolata. A significant decrease in major saponin (lancemaside of three kinds) content of hairy roots was observed with MeJA treatments. Contents of lancemaside A, B and E decreased about 15% more than non-treated hairy roots. In contrast, minor saponin (foetidissimoside A and aster saponin Hb) accumulation was about 15% higher than the non-treated hairy roots. These results suggest that MeJA treatment could be used in the production of teriterpene saponins.

Nonsurgical Correction of Congenital Concha Cavum Deformity Using a Commercial Ear Molding Device

김지아,오세준,서효석,최성원,공수근 대한이비인후과학회 2022 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.15 No.4

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『그리운 너에게』 416 가족협의회, 416 기억저장소, 후타마나스, 2018

김지아,Kim, Ji-A 한국기록학회 2018 기록학연구 Vol.0 No.57

Relationship between the surface property of gate dielectric layers and the electrical property of organic thin film transistor

김지아,강지훈,한미정,김장주,윤도영 한국고분자학회 2004 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2004 No.04