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급성 천식발작 환자에서 치료 전후의 혈청 Eosinophil Cationic Protein 농도
김윤근(Yun Keun Kim),이상록(Sang Rok Lee),손지웅(Jee Wong Son),김우경(Woo Kyung Kim),박재경(Jae Kyung Park),지영구(Young Ku Jee),송숙희(Sook Hee Song),조상헌(Sang Heon Cho),민경업(Kyung Up Min),김유영(You Young Kim) 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.52 No.3
Objectives: To prevent progression to fatal asthma it is essential to assess the severity of asthma and treat adequetely. But there was no objective index to evaluate the severity of airway inflammation in asthmatic patients, So we evaluated that serum ECP concentration is a objective parameter of airway inflammation in patients with acute severe asthmatic attack. Methods: We measured the parameters of asthamtic severtity(clinical parameter, FEV1, arterial blood gas, peripheral blood eosinophil counts, and serum ECP levels) before and after antiasthmatic treatment in 9patients with acute severe asthmatic attack, And we compared serum ECP concentrations of severe asthmatic patients with those of control patients with mild to moderate severity. Results: 1) The serum ECP levels in patients with acute asthmatic attacks compared to patients with mild to moderate, asthmatic severity were significantly increased. 2) The serum ECP levels and pheriperal blood eosinophil counts 2hours after antiasthmatic treatment were significantly lower than the value before treatment, but the total scores of clinical parameter, FEV1, and scores of arterial blood gases were not significantly different from the basal values, Conclusion: It is suggested that the serum ECP level is a objective parameter as a response to antiasthmatic treatment as well as a severity of airway inflammation in patients with acute asthmatic attack.
김윤근 ( Yun-keun Kim ),박복재 ( Bok-jae Park ) 한국통상정보학회 2017 통상정보연구 Vol.19 No.2
국제무역에서 전자상거래가 차지하는 비중은 급속도로 증가하고 있지만, 가장 기본적인 개념정의와 적용규범에 대한 합의도 이루어지지 않은 상태이다. WTO에서는 `디지털 콘텐츠`에 잠재적 무관세를 시행하는 한편 작업계획(Work program)을 통해 전자상거래에 대한 폭넓은 연구를 진행하고 있으며, 각국은 FTA 등의 협정을 통해 자국의 이익을 추구하고 있다. 본 연구는 한국이 체결·시행하고 있는 FTA 중에서 전자상거래에 관한 규정을 비교·분석하였다. 한국의 FTA전자상거래 규정은 무관세, 다른 장(chapter)의 규정과 충돌 시 다른 장의 규정 우선, 전자인증, 개인정보보호, 소비자보호 등에 대해서는 공통적이지만, 전자상거래의 대상을 각기 다르게 정의하고 있고, 전자상거래의 분류 및 적용규범에 대해서는 유보하고 있으며, 비차별대우에 대해 다르게 규정하는 등 일관성이 부족하고 체계적이지 못한 상황이다. 한국은 WTO 등의 연구에 참여하고, 미국, EU, 중국 등이 체결·시행하고 있는 FTA전자상거래 규정을 분석하여 적극적·탄력적으로 대처할 필요가 있다. Though electronic commerce has grown rapidly in international trade, there is no basic consensus for its concept and rule applied. So WTO has done practice of not imposing customs duties on digital contents and been researching overall on electronic commerce through Work Program while many countries of the world attempt to obtain their interests by stipulating chapter of electronic commerce in their FTAs. This paper has compared and analysed chapter of electronic commerce in all the FTAs which Korea has signed and enforced. Korea`s FTA stipulates commonly no customs duties, the other chapter`s priority when chapter of electronic commerce conflicts the other chapter, electronic authentication, protection of personal information and consumer protection. But it has weak consistency and framework as it has different provisions for the objects of electronic commerce respectively, reserves classification & applied rule for electronic commerce, stipulates differently on non discrimination treatment and so on. Korea should participate in the research of international organization including WTO and cope actively and elastically by analysing the provisions of electronic commerce of the other countries` FTA such as USA, EU, CHINA and so on.
살조개, Protothaca jedoensis 초기치패의 저질 및 먹이생물별 성장
김정(Jung KIM),추부관(Bu Gwan Chu),장선익(Sun Ik JANG),한종석(Jong Seok HAN),라성주(Sung Ju RHA),안윤근(Yun Keun AN),윤호섭(Ho Seop YOON),최상덕(Sang Duk CHOI) 전남대학교 수산과학연구소 2011 수산과학연구소논문집 Vol.19 No.-
In order to obtain the basic information for artificial seedling production of venus clam, Protothaca jedoensis, growth and survival rate were investigated by substratum composition on spat collection, and species and concentration of food organisms during spat stage. The optimal substratum for spat collection was the sand size (Ø0.5-2 ㎜) showing that the highest growth and survival rate of spat were 493.2±0.4 ㎛, 13.0±0.9 %, respectively. As for spat rearing by four species of food organism (phytoplankton), Isochrysis galbana, Chaetoceros calcitrans, Monochrysis lutheri, and Pavlova lutheri were used singularly and the mixture of the four species was used. The highest growth and survival rates were observed in the Isochrysis galbana (1644.2±0.8 ㎛, 79.7±2.3 %), and followed by mixture group, Chaetoceros calcitrans, Monochrysis lutheri, and Pavlova lutheri. In the concentration of the four mixed food organisms on spat rearing, the highest growth and survival rates were observed in the concentration of 1×104 cells/㎖ (1637.0±1.0 ㎛, 75.0±0.9 %), and followed by 2×104 cells/㎖, 4×104 cells/㎖, and 0.5×104 cells/㎖. 살조개, Protothaca jedoensis의 인공종묘생산 기술개발을 목적으로 생물학적 기초자료를 얻고자 저질입도별 채묘 및 치패사육에서 먹이생물의 종류와 농도에 따른 성장과 생존율을 조사하였다. 저질입도별 채묘에서 최적 채묘기질은 극조립사(Ø0.5-2㎜)로 가장 높은 성장(493.2±0.4㎛)과 생존율(13.0±0.9%)을 보였다. 먹이생물별 치패사육에서 Isochrysis galbana가 가장 높은 성장(1644.0±0.8㎛)과 생존율(79.7±2.3%)을 보였으며, 혼합구, Chaetoceros calcitrans, Monochrysis lutheri, Pavlova lutheri 순으로 나타났다. 먹이생물(혼합) 농도별 치패사육에서 1×104cells/㎖가 가장 높은 성장((1637.0±1.0㎛)과 생존율(75.0±0.9%)을 보였으며, 2×104cells/㎖, 4×104cells/㎖, 0.5×104cells/㎖ 순으로 나타났다.
감초 ( licorice ) 에 의한 직업성 천식 1 예
박재경(Jae Kyoung Park),김윤근(Yun Keun Kim),윤호주(Ho Joo Yoon),최동철(Dong Chul Choi),조상헌(Sang Heon Cho),민경업(Kyung Up Min),김유영(You Young Kim) 대한내과학회 1994 대한내과학회지 Vol.47 No.6
More than 200 kinds of occupational allergens are known to cause occupational asthma. But there has been no case report of occupational asthma caused by herb materials except one case reported by Moon et al in 1986 in Korea. Licorice is one of the oldest traditional chinese medicines and is used as a tonic, antiphlogistic, mucolytic, expectorant, and an analgesic for the treatment of gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders and also to alleviate the toxicity of some other drugs. We report a case of occupational asthma caused by licorice. A 34 year-old male patient came to the clinic because of cough, dyspnea and wheezing which had developed one month ago. He had worked at a herb drug store for 3 years. His symptoms used to be worsened during and shortly after his work and subsided several hours after rest. When he visited the clinic, he had no such symptoms and revealed no abnormality on physical examinations. At that time peripheral blood eosinophil count was 590/mm³, total IgE (PRIST) was 770 IU/ml. Radiologic findings of chest and paranasal sinus were normal. Skin prick test with common inhalant allergens revealed positivities to various allergens and licorice extract. He showed a bronchial hyperresponsiveness on methacholine bronchoprovocation test, which increased 24 hours after allergen bronchial provocation with licorice powder and extract. he showed early asthmatic responses to allergen bronchial provocations with licorice powder and extract. Licorice is constituted by triterpenoid, flavonoid and isoflavonoid derivatives. The structures of these constituents are almost low molecular chemicals. In this case the patient showed a positive bronchial provocation test to licorice powder and licorice extract and a positive skin prick test to licorice extract. Thus it is suggested that pathogenic mechanism of licorice induced asthma may be an IgE-mediated allergic reaction. But further studies will be necessory to evaluate exact pathogenesis of licorice induced asthma.
김진현 ( Jin Hyun Kim ),송영욱 ( Yeong Wook Song ),이정찬 ( Jung Chan Lee ),신동혁 ( Dong Hyuk Sheen ),박남규 ( Nam Gyu Park ),이윤종 ( Yun Jong Lee ),이은봉 ( Eun Bong Lee ),김현아 ( Hyun Ah Kim ),김윤근 ( Yun Keun Kim ),박병주 ( 대한류마티스학회 2008 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.15 No.2
Objective: To investigate the risk factors for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA) in Koreans Methods: A total of 1,194 persons consisting of 588 men and 606 women (mean age±SD, 48.9±14.0 years) were enrolled in rural and urban areas or in a hospital of Korea between september 2000 and august 2001. All participants were interviewed about symptoms of knee OA and possible risk factors including age, sex, occupation, body mass index (BMI), smoking, age of menarche, menopause and hormone replacement therapy and examined. Knee radiograph was obtained in all participants with knee symptoms. Symptomatic knee OA was defined according to clinical criteria or clinical and radiographic criteria for classification of osteoarthritis of the knee by Altman. Results: Of 1,194 participants, symptomatic knee OA was found in 189 persons (15.8%) and multivariate analysis showed that female (OR=5.66, 95% CI 3.42∼9.38), aging (OR=1.10, 95% CI 1.08∼1.12), living in rural area (OR=3.83, 95% CI 2.27∼6.45) and BMI over 25 kg/m2 (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.42∼3.59) were risk factors. Age (older than 70 years, OR=1.08, 95% CI 1.04∼1.12) and living in rural area (OR=5.39, 05% CI 1.94∼14.96) were associated with symptomatic knee OA in men and age (older than 40 years, OR=1.11, 95% CI 1.07∼1.16), living in rural area (OR=2.46, 95% CI 1.17∼5.17), and BMI over 25 kg/m2 (OR=3.45, 95% CI 1.63∼7.29) in women. Conclusion: The risk factors for symptomatic knee OA were aging, female, living in rural area and high BMI in Koreans.
박남규 ( Nam Gyu Park ),김우규 ( Woo Kyu Kim ),신동혁 ( Dong Hyuk Shin ),최영미 ( Young Mi Choi ),이윤종 ( Yoon Jong Lee ),이은봉 ( Eun Bong Lee ),김현아 ( Hyun Ah Kim ),김윤근 ( Yun Keun Kim ),박병주 ( Byung Joo Park ),홍성철 ( S 대한류마티스학회 2003 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.10 No.2
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Korean. Methods: Those who participated arthritis/allergy field study in Icheon, Kyunggi Province and Goesan, Chungbuk Province in 2001 were evaluated for the prevalence of arthritis. Diagnosis of OA and RA were made using American College of Rheumatology criteria. Results: Among the 983 participants (mean age±SD, 49.9±14.0 years), 498 participants were male (mean age 49.9±13.1 years) and 485 participants were female (mean age 49.9±15.0 years), and there was no difference of mean age between male and female. There were 153 cases of OA (15.6%, mean age, 61.6±9.5), which consisted of 44 male cases (mean age, 58.9±10.7) and 109 female cases (mean age, 62.7±9.5). Prevalence of OA was significantly higher in female compared to male (22.5% vs 8.8%, p<0.0001). Prevalence of OA in the 4th to the 8th decade was 1.1, 7.5, 19.4, 34, 37.2%, respectively and showed increasing trend in the ascending order of age in decade (p<0.001). Localization of OA was knees (77.1%), knees and hands (17.6%), and hands (5.2%). RA was detected in 14 cases (1.4%, mean age, 58.8±14.6, male to female 1:13). Prevalence of RA was significantly higher in female compared to male (2.7% vs 0.2%, p<0.01). Conclusion: The prevalence of knee or hand OA and RA were 15.6% and 1.4% in Korean, respectively. The prevalence of OA was significantly higher in female and aged individuals. The prevalence of RA was also significantly higher in female.