국민건강보험의 의약품 가격전략: 산업과 보험의 공존

김원식 ( Won Shik Kim ),이규식 ( Kyu Sik Lee ) 한국사회보장학회 2008 사회보장연구 Vol.24 No.4

의약분업과 국민건강보험: 10년간의 애증(愛憎)

김원식 ( Won Shik Kim ) 한국사회보장학회 2010 사회보장연구 Vol.26 No.4

On enforcement of division of roles between physicians and pharmacists on drug, people tend to think only of doctors prescribing and pharmacists compounding drugs. However, many regulations have been revised and accompanied to fine-tune each other`s interests-e.g., qualifications of pharmacy stores in hospitals, charges for the insurance coverage depending on hospital type, patient co-payment on general hospital for slight illnesses, cost based drug pricing, and so on. Therefore, separation of prescribing and dispensing drugs means most innovative change of medical system including all above mentioned issues. Furthermore, the evaluation of strict role separation of physician and pharmacists in the last ten years is meaningful for the development of the medical industry and guarantee of people`s health. This study examined whether the division of roles has reduced drug abuse and expenditure of National Health Insurance. To enhance the efficiency of the division of role and settle the health and drug industries as major base industries, the following policies should be considered. First, the concept of the division of role between physician and pharmacist should be extended based on division of their business to true division of role, so that drug stores can open in the hospital as long as pharmacists dispense the drugs. Second, discount system of drug should be considered so that the price can be decided by the market demand. The NHI decides the reimbursement price of the drug, based on the net price of drug. Third, the drug reimbursement system should use both the transaction cost based pricing and reference pricing, based on the product characteristics. Fourth, the regulation on advertisement should be mitigated so that physicians and patients get the information on drugs. Fifth, the cash rebate on physician for drug sales should be taxed as an income for physicians by reporting the transaction to the tax office. Finally, both the government and the experts on medical and drug industry should participate evaluation of the ten years of division of role between physicians and pharmacists, and improve the health care system for better health of all population.

Is Poverty Inherited from Parents? -The Case of Korea-

김원식 ( Won Shik Kim ) 한국국제경제학회 2007 한국국제경제학회 동계학술대회 Vol.2007 No.2

고령화시대와 연금: 미래를 위한 디자인

김원식 ( Won Shik Kim ) 한국연금학회 2011 연금연구 Vol.1 No.1

연금제도는 어떤 정부정책이나 금융상품보다 초장기적으로 운영되는 제도이다. 공적연금은 제도가 다음 세대에까지 영향을 미치고, 민간연금의 경우에 있어서도 개인이 경제생활을 시작해서 보험료를 납입하기 시작하면 그 결과는 생애 전체에 미친다. 따라서 연금제도는 어떤 제도보다 신뢰와 성실한 접근이 이루어지지 않으면 실패할 수밖에 없다. 지금까지 개별적으로 발전해온 연금제도가 시스템으로 안정되기 위해서는 다층연금시스템의 구축, 국민연금제도의 안정적 운영을 통한 연금시스템의 신뢰 확보, 퇴직연금기관의 감독을 통한 민간연금시장의 활성화, 국민연금기금을 포함한 연금기금의 주주권행사의 합리성 등을 앞으로 지속적으로 개선함으로써 고령사회를 극복하고 자본시장의 성장에 기여할 수 있게 해야 한다. Pension is a policy that requires longer term management than any other government policies or financial products. The policy effects of public pension last several generations and those who participate in private pension plan their life time savings around the pension system. Therefore, pension system should be approached sincerely and prudently for its continued success and financial stability. Thus far, the pension system in Korea had been developed and reformed separately. However, for the substantiality of pension system, the following are recommended: multi-pilar pension system, credit of the pension system from the public, strict surveillance and monitoring of private pension institutions, and rational exercise of pension fund right. Continuing and consistent efforts for the pension reform would fight the challenges of population ageing and help develop more mature capital markets.

자금순환에 따른 국민연금기금 운용방안

김원식 ( Won Shik Kim ) 한국경제학회 1993 經濟學硏究 Vol.41 No.1

고용보험제도의 유형에 관한 분석 : 국제비교연구

김원식(Won Shik Kim) 한국노동경제학회 1993 勞動經濟論集 Vol.16 No.1

N/A

외국의 퇴직연금과 한국의 퇴직연금

김원식 ( Won Shik Kim ),방하남 ( Ha Nam Phang ) 한국응용경제학회 2005 응용경제 Vol.7 No.2

여행사 종사자의 조직지원인식이 서비스개선행동에 미치는 영향 - 직무소진의 매개효과를 중심으로 -

김원식 ( Kim Won-shik ),지명원 ( Chi Myong-won ),이강욱 ( Lee Kang-wook ) 한국호텔리조트학회(구 한국호텔리조트카지노산학학회) 2017 호텔리조트연구 Vol.16 No.3

The purpose of this study is to empirically explore the influence of perceived organizational support and job burnout on the service improvement behavior of BSP travel agency employees. For empirical verification of study model and hypotheses, 262 questionnaires were collected from employees working at a BSP travel agency in Seoul, Korea. The results of this study show as follows; First, Perceived organizational support has significant negative(-) effect on psychophysical and work burnout as sub-parameter of job burnout. On the other hand, it has significant positive(+) effect on the service improvement behavior. Second, psychophysical and work burnout has significant negative(-) effect on the service improvement behavior. Finally, psychophysical and work burnout plays mediating role between perceived organizational support and the service improvement behavior. According to study result, perceived organizational support is significant factor in decreasing job burnout and increasing the service improvement behavior. In addition, perceived organizational support has a direct effect on the service improvement behavior but job burnout has a negative effect on the willing of service improvement behavior.

퇴직연금제도의 문제점과 발전방향

김원식 ( Won Shik Kim ) 보험연구원 2005 보험금융연구 Vol.16 No.1

고령화시대의 도래에 따라 연금의 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 이에 따라 기존의 퇴직일 시금을 퇴직연금으로 전환하도록 법안이 마련되었다. 본고는 퇴직연금의 한계를 짚어보고 개선 및 활성화 방안을 제시한다. 이를 위해서는 기존의 퇴직금제도에서는 임금채권보장법의 역할을 퇴직연금제도와 부합하도록 재정립하고, 중간정산에 의한 퇴직금 및 퇴직일 시금에 대한 세제혜택을 축소하는 것이 필요하다. 근로자들이 퇴직연금의 기여를 위한 재원을 쉽게 확보하도록 하기 위하여 기존의 기금형 복지제도를 연금재원으로 활용하도록 재편하는 것이 필요하다. 현행의 퇴직연금제도에서는 생산효율성과 근로자간 형평성을 위한 장치의 마련, 연금급여 보장장치의 확립, 세제개편 등이 필요하다. 또한, 국민연금에서의 적용제외를 허용하여 안정적 연금체계를 구성하는 것이 필요하다. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the new Korean corporate pension system, which is expected to be implemented at the end of 2005, and to derive its policy directions. Transformed from the mandatory severance payment started since 1950s, the pension system will need comprehensive amendments; in order to do that, change in related laws is necessary as well. First, the Compensation Liability Guarantee Fund should level up its coverages on unpaid compensation and should change its roles to guarantee the pension right. Second, tax preference on lump-sum severance payment should be reduced so that employees can get the incentive to move the pension. Third, workers` fringe benefits to accumulate assets, such as Workers` Welfare Fund, ESOP, Stock options, etc., should be restructured so that those can be used for the resources of corporate pension. In the new corporate pension system, the followings should be added: First, the system should be managed so that it can improve equity among workers. It should adopt top-heavy plans, and give workers incentives to increase productivity by designing pension right according to firms` own characteristics. Second, Pension Benefit Guaranteed Corporation (PBGC) should be implemented to protect the pensioners in case of pension institution`s bankruptcy. Third, tax incentives to transform the lump-sum severance payment to pension, should be given. Lastly, the contract-out from national pension contribution should be allowed to build a sound 3-pillar pension system. It will be helpful in maintaining stable pension system at the front door of aging society, because it will bind the corporate pension with national pension.

효율적 다층노후소득보장시스템을 위한 국민연금 구조개선 방향

김원식 ( Won Shik Kim ) 보험연구원 2012 보험금융연구 Vol.23 No.4

본 연구는 우리나라의 노후소득보장체계가 본인부담으로 조달되는 국민연금, 퇴직연금, 개인연금과 조세로 조달되는 기초노령연금과 고령자가 수급받는 기초생활보장제도로 구성된다고 본다. 그러나 이들은 서로 개별제도로 운영되어 서로 대체성이 크고, 경우에 따라서는 국민연금의 기여를 회피하는 도덕적 해이의 가능성도 있다. 조세로 조달되는 노후보장제도들은 본인부담의 공ㆍ사적연금과 대체성이 있다. 또한, 공ㆍ사적연금 간에도 대체성이 존재한다. 따라서 국민들이 합리적인 수준의 연금을 수급받을 수 있도록 최적의 연금 포트폴리오를 구성할 수 있는 시스템을 구축할 필요가 있다. 이를 위하여 국민연금을 기초급여는 정부가 보장하는 확정급여형으로, 소득비례급여는 확정기여형 운영으로 하는 혼합형(hybrid) 국민연금제도로 개혁하는 것을 제안한다. 기초급여는 모든 고령자에게 기본연금을 보장하는 소득조사형으로 운영하여 기초노령연금과 고령자에 대한 기초생활급여를 대체하도록 한다. 그리고 소득비례급여는 퇴직연금으로의 적용제외를 허용한다. 이러한 제도의 변화는 국민연금 기금 고갈시 정부부담을 줄이고, 연금시장을 퇴직연금을 중심으로 강화하여 자본시장을 활성화시킬 것이다. This paper suggests a structural reform of the Korean national pension system. Korean retirement income security system consists of national pension, legal corporate pension, and individual pension, which are self-financed, and basic aged pension and minimum life guarantee benefit of the aged, which are tax-financed. Even though these programs are substitutable for one another, they are individually-run, creating moral hazard problems in households` contribution to national pension. Therefore, there is a need for the establishment of an efficient system that provides optimal level of retirement income to households. I suggest a hybrid national pension system, where (i) national pension uses a defined benefit method in financing basic benefit, and a defined contribution method in income related benefit; (ii) basic benefit is income-tested while insuring basic aged pension and minimum life guarantee benefit of the aged, and; (iii) income related benefit are allowed to be contracted out from legal corporate pension. The policy change decreases the government`s fiscal burden in case of depletion of national pension fund, and strengthens the capital market by making pension fund market more competitive.