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김영봉(Young-bong Kim) 아시아강원민속학회 2013 江原民俗學 Vol.27 No.-
태백에도 많은 민요가 산재해있다. 그러나 많은 민요 중 태백을 대표할 수 있는 민요는 아라레이(아리랑), 사시랭이, 갈풀썰이로 볼 수 있다. 지리적으로 보면 삼수령을 중심으로 한 서쪽의 한강수계에는 상당한 밭농사가 있어 주로 농업에 종사함으로서 퇴비의 필요성에 따라 갈풀썰이가 존재하고 있고 타 지역보다 더 아라레이가 성행하고 있다. 남쪽의 낙동강 수계인 황지나 장성은 탄광이 크게 성하던 곳으로서 아라레이와 창부타령 노래 가락 등 갖가지 민요들을 들을 수 있다. 그러나 대다수의 민요는 아라레이이다. 그만큼 아라레이는 오랫동안 어떤 환경에서든 불리워져 노동요와 유희요를 넘나들며 이어지고 있었다. 같은 낙동강 수계라도 더 남쪽 지역인 동점 지역에서는 몇 백 년을 불러왔다는 사시랭이 소리와 아라레이가 있다. 태백에서도 광부의 아라레이는 그 이전의 아라레이와 확연히 차이를 보이고 있다. 더 발굴하여 갈풀썰이, 사시랭이와 더불어 아라레이의 한 장르로 광부 아라레이도 보존하고 확산해서 태백의 대표문화로 가져갈 필요가 있다. There are many folk songs scattered in Taebaek. However, the representative folk songs of the number of song are Ararei (arirang), Sasirang-e, and Galpulsseol-e. Geographically, dry-field farming has been considerably engaged in the western waterway of Han River with Samsuryeong as the center and people have been working mostly in the farming, thus Galpulsseol-e exists according to the need of compost and Ararei is more prevalent than other areas. In Hwangji and Jangseong of the southern waterway of Nakdong River, coal mine has been greatly flourished as all kinds of folk song such as Ararei and Changbu Taryeong melody (Noraegarak) have been heard. However, most of the folk songs are Ararei. It means that the Ararei has been handed down across work and play folk songs as it can be sung at any environments for a long time. There are heard the sound of Sasirang-e and Ararei for hundreds years in even if it is Dongjeom area in the far southern waterway of Nakdong River than other same area of the waterway. Even in Taebaek, the Ararei of mine workers shows significant different with the previous Ararei. It should be brought as the representative culture of Taebaek through preservation and expansion of the Ararei of mind workers as a genre together with the Galpulsseol-e and Sasirang-e.
염화물 이온 및 이산화탄소의 복합작용에 의한 콘크리트의 내구성상 평가에 관한 실험적 연구
김영봉 ( Kim Young-bong ),조봉석 ( Cho Bong-suk ),김영덕 ( Kim Young-duck ),김규용 ( Kim Gyu-yong ),김무한 ( Kim Moo-han ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2007 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.11 No.2
Recently, corrosion of reinforcement of reinforced concrete structures and carbonation is raised problem of durability because of exhaustion of river sand and rapid increase of sea sand and also, concrete structure of sea environment is attacked to combined deterioration according to penetration of chloride ion and carbonation. Therefore, in this study, mixing design was proportioned with the various water-binder ratio 0.55 binder compositions corresponding to Type I cement without any supplementary materials (OPC), Type II cement with 50% blast-furnace slag replacement (BFS50), Type Ⅲ cement with 15% fly ash replacement (FA15). and ternary cement with TypeⅣ cement. 15% fly ash. and 35% slag replacement (BFS35%+FA15%). And this study is carried out to compare individual deterioration test with combined deterioration test and to investigate the effect of the permeation of deterioration factors such as CO2 and chloride ion under the combined deterioration environments. Test result showed that mixing design with BFS50% and BFS35% + FA15% exhibited higher durability than that made with OPC only.
김영봉(KIm Young-bong) 한국언어문학회 2005 한국언어문학 Vol.54 No.-
Yeom Rak-pung's Chinese poetry' is a concept that especially designates the Chinese poetry, which has the main subject of embodying the spirit of the way for the Confucianism. In terms of Yeom Rak-pung's Chinese poetry, a great number of works can be understood a meaning without such a big difficulty, but given some works, there is also a case that is hard to be understood at all only by the contents of a letter. Like this, what experiences the difficulty sometimes in understanding Yeom Rak-pung's Chinese poetry is attributable mainly to a method that expresses the main subject. A method of expressing the main subject in Yeom Rak-pung's Chinese poetry, can be mostly classified by about three kinds. It comprises, first, the indicative mood that expresses a thing as it is, second, a metaphor that indirectly expresses compared with a different thing or phenomenon, and third, symbolism that expresses by quoting a completely different thing, with hiding the original conception. What makes Yeom Rak-pung's Chinese poetry difficult to be understood, corresponds to a case when especially having used symbolism. That is because of representing the high-level spiritual world with the highly symbolized expression. As much as a method of expressing the main subject by a symbol, is difficult for the interpretation of 'symbol,' it is not easy to find out the main subject only with the poetry itself. A great number of works have even a case that needs to grasp the main subject by what about a writer's inclination. Namely, it needs to be applied a method of 'historical-biographical criticism.' The evaluation of Yeom Rak-pung's Chinese poetry is largely crossed the sight of affirmation and contradiction. What sees the value negatively, seems to be just attributable to paying attention only to the indicative mood among methods of expressing the main subject. It is because, given the indicative mood, there are many cases that indicatively express instruction as if having moved one phrase in the sacred book. However, in case of a work that used the technique of a metaphor and a symbol, it is equipped with higher-level beauty of poetic expression, thus it is not the nature that simply lowers its value. Particularly, in case of having expressed the main subject with the technique of a symbol, it is fully succeeding even in achieving the beauty of poetic expression with the higher-level rhetorical technique as well as being faithful to a Confucianist's inborn function that the poetry needs to contribute to the enlightenment of world.