기초조형 & Illusion : 사이버 건축 디자인 모델의 인지심리학적 접근 연구

김석태(Suk Tae Kim) 한국기초조형학회 2001 한국기초조형학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.- No.-

3차원 시뮬레이션을 이용한 인위감시체계의 공간대응성능 평가기술

김석태(Kim, Suk-Tae) 한국산학기술학회 2015 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.16 No.2

CCTV를 이용한 감시는 범죄를 억제하고 공적관계를 기록할 수 있는 효율적인 방법으로 활용도가 높아지고 있지만, 이를 정량적으로 비교평가 할 수 있는 방법론은 부재한 상황이다. 이에 본 연구의 목적은 3차원 가상모델 시뮬레이션 기술을 이용하여 카메라의 설치대안에 따른 카메라의 공간적 대응성능 변화를 측정할 수 있는 방법론과 분석어플리케이션을 구축하 는 것이다. 분석방법은 래스터기반의 ISOVIST분석방법론을 3차원적으로 확장하여, 각 시점에 입사되는 시선량을 누적시키 고, 동시에 각 측정지점에 연결되는 카메라의 중복감시량을 누적시켜 교차분석하는 것이다. 충돌감지모델을 이용한 분석어플 리케이션을 구축하고, 예시를 적용하여 분석한 결과 카메라의 배치대안별로 감시성능의 변화를 정량화시킬 수 있었으며, 가 시음영지역을 그래프로 재현하여 직관적인 검토와 보완이 가능하도록 하였다. CCTV-applied monitoring is an effective measure to suppress potential crimes and record objective relationship; however, there is no methodology that can quantitatively compare and assess the afore-mentioned effects. Thus, this study intended to construct the methodology and analysis application that can measure the changes in the space-corresponding performance of CCTVs depending on installation measures by using 3-dimenstional virtual simulation technology. For analysis, the raster-based Isovist theory was 3-dimensionally expanded and the amount of incident sight line to each point was accumulated. At the same time, the amount of overlapped monitoring in the CCTV cameras that were connected to each measurement node was accumulated for cross-analysis. By applying the examples and analyzing the results, it was possible to construct an analysis application in use of collision detection model and quantify the changes of monitoring performance depending on positioning alternative of the cameras. Moreover, it enabled intuitive review and supplementation by reproducing visible shadow areas in a graph.

네트워크 분석방식 선택에 따른 복잡계 모형과 공간구문론의 상호검증

김석태(Kim, Suk-Tae),윤소희(Yoon, So-hee) 한국실내디자인학회 2017 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.26 No.3

A social phenomenon that occurs in a physical space is said to be a complex system. However, space syntax, which is commonly employed by researchers to identify such social phenomena, has various limitations in interpreting their complexity. On the other hand, agent-based modeling considers a variety of factors including the personality of the agent, objective-oriented work flows, estimation according to time flows and better prediction of space use through diverse parameters depending the situation, as well as the characteristics of the space. The agent-based method thus has the potentials to be developed as an alternative to space syntax techniques. In particular, discrete event driven simulation(DEVS), which is part of the agent-based modeling method, embraces the concept of networks just like space syntax, which allows a possible theoretical linkage in the future. This study suggests a procedural model of agent-based DEVS reflecting two different connection methods, i.e. connections between adjacent areas and those of the entire space, and attempts to identify the relationship between the local and regional indices of space syntax. A number of spaces were selected as examples—one for a preliminary experiment and eight modified for the main experiment—and space syntax and DEVS were applied to each of them. The comparative analysis of the results led to the conclusions as follows: 1) Adjacent connections were closely related to local indices, while the whole-space approach to regional indices. Local integration shows both characteristics. 2) Observation of the time flow model indicated a faster convergence with the range of 1 to 3-fold of the total time of one lap, with the error of less than 10%. 3) The heat map analysis showed more obvious characteristics of using the space for the entire space rather than adjacent connections. 4) Space syntax shows higher eligibility than ABM.

경로이용행태를 가중한 공간의 3차원 시지각 특성 분석기술

김석태(Kim, Suk-Tae) 한국실내디자인학회 2015 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.24 No.2

The probability of visual perception occurrence varies in case the expectation of using each unit space of which the whole space consists because the size of space subject to analysis is very large or the organization is complicated in the analysis of spatial visual configuration. Therefore, it is necessary to compensate space analysis and index measurement by applying weight to the point of view for the probability of experiencing space. This study proposed a method of analyzing visibility ratio by applying the integration of space syntax theory as weight, and grasped the effect in comparison with the visibility ratio when weight was not applied.

3차원 벡터모델링의 가시선 추적을 통한 상호관계적 가시도 분석시뮬레이션

김석태(Suk Tae Kim) 한국디자인문화학회 2013 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.19 No.4

오디토리엄 공간계획에서 고려해야 할 가장 중요한 요소는 스테이지와 객석간의 충분한 시각적 정보량의확보라고 할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 가시장 이론을 바탕으로 스테이지와 객석간의 시각적 정보량을 정량적으로 측정해 낼 수있는 방법론을 제시하였다. 이 방법은 스테이지와 객석측의 시각적 특성을 관계적으로 도출함과 동시에상호데이터의 비교를 통해 연산결과를 검증할 수 있는 상호관계적 분석방법(MVAR)이다. 분석방법은 래스터기반의 가시장 이론을 3차원으로 확장하여, 객석과 무대면간의 상호관계적 가시도를 측정하는 방식이다. 그리고 컴퓨터그래픽에 적용하여 3차원 벡터모델과시점·대상점 간에 형성되는 시선벡터와의 교차판정을 이용하여 이론을 구현하였다. 또한 알고리즘을 실제 분석어플리케이션으로 구축하고, 예시모델에 적용하여 그 적용성을 검토하였다. 분석이론의 검증을 위한 예시모델의 적용은 수평적객석배치에 변화를 준 4개의 엔드스테이지 대안에 대한 가시도 측정과 특성평가로 이루어졌으며, 분석을통해 다음과 같은 결론을 얻어내었다. 1) 예시모델을 이용하여, 스테이지측과 객석측의 대안별 시각량을 도출하고 상호 비교함으로서, 최적의안을 얻어낼 수 있었다. 2) 객석이 동일한 방법으로 정렬되어 있을 때, 객석이 스테이지 중심축을 지향하는 것이 반드시 가시도의 개선에 도움이 되지는 않음을 파악하였다. 3) 스테이지측의 가시도 측정은 스테이지 전체에대한 가시도 측정결과와 임의지점에 대한 샘플측정결과가 유사한 값이 도출됨으로서, 샘플분석에 의해 분석시간의 단축 가능성을 예측할 수 있었다. 그러나 객석의 가시도 특성분석에서는 샘플분석이 전체에 대한분석과 다른 특성이 나타남으로서, 한계를 보이고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 4) 객석 가시도의 편차분석에 의하여 시각적 정보량 분포의 양호도를 파악할 수 있었다. 이를 통해 객석배치계획에 따른 각 객석의 균질한 가시권 확보여부를 파악할 수 있을 것이다. The most important element to be considered inthe space planning for auditorium is security ofsufficient visual information between the stage andseats. Thus, this study suggested a methodology thatcould measure the quantitative information exchangedbetween the stage and seats based on Isovist. Also, itis a correlation analysis (MVAR) that intended to derivethe relation of the visual characteristics in the stage andseats while assessing the outcome obtained frominteractional data. For the analysis, 3-dimensional vector modeling aswell as collision detection with Line-of-Sight (LOS)vector, which was formed at a viewpoint and target, were implemented based on raster-based Isovist. Withthis algorism, the analysis application was constructedand a case model was applied to verify its feasibility. For the application of the case model that was designedfor the verification of the analysis theory, visibility andcharacteristic on the four end stages with differentiatedhorizontal seat arrangement were assessed. Throughthe analysis, results were derived as follows. 1) By using the case model, the amount of visibilityfor each alternative in the stage and seats was obtainedand compared in order to derive the best alternative. 2) It was known that the seats facing toward thecentral axis of the stage did not always improve the levelof visibility if the seats were arranged in the same way. 3) In the visibility measurement from the stageside, the visibility on the entire stage and an arbitrarypoint was measured to be similar; therefore, it couldpredict possible time-saving through the sampleanalysis. However in the analysis on the visibilitycharacteristic in the seat side, the sample analysisshowed different characteristics compared to the resultsderived from the whole analysis. Such fact implied thelimitation of the study. 4) The homogeneity of the amount of visualinformation was assessed through deviation analysis ofthe seats` visibility. Thus, it was possible to understandthe status of fair visibility granted to each seatdepending on seat arrangement planning.

객석배치 대안의 가시성능 평가 및 예측기술에 관한 연구

김석태(Kim, Suk-Tae) 한국실내디자인학회 2012 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.21 No.5

A study on techniques to evaluate auditorium assignment visible efficiency using three-dimensional simulation. The most important thing to be considered is to ensure the visibility to the podium upon assigning auditorium of venues, classrooms or seminar rooms. However, since there are so many variables to be considered such as the form of the stage, the area and height of the stage, size of screen, and the distance and angle of the auditorium from the podium, the methods to assign auditorium are staying at the level of basic for a long time. Thus, in this study, we proposed simulation methodology to quantitatively evaluate the three-dimensional visible efficiency based on Visual Graph Analysis (VGA) theory. After analytical methodology manufactures application, it sets examples of visibility depending on location of screen, visibility depending on degree of height difference and visibility about three-dimensional Mass Zoning like a stage and verifies the efficacy. In addition, based on results, visibility expectation curve is drawn and the method to calculate the stepped height depending on necessary visibility is proposed.

공간구조의 연결관계에 기초한 스타크래프트 게임 맵의 정략적 구조분석

김석태 ( Suk Tae Kim ) 한국기초조형학회 2007 기초조형학연구 Vol.8 No.4

시각적 측면에서 랜드마크 요소의 최적입지선정 분석방법에 관한 연구

김석태(Kim, Suk-Tae) 한국산학기술학회 2015 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.16 No.9

랜드마크와 같이 시각적 인지가 용이해야 하는 요소의 입지 선택은 공간설계과정에서 많이 등장하는 화두이다. 최근 에는 이러한 시각적 요소의 가시성을 평가하기 위해서 컴퓨터를 활용한 그래프 분석기술이 많이 적용되고 있으나, 분석의 틀이 평면적이고 시점과 대상점의 설정이 고정적이어서, 실질적인 분석결과를 얻는데 한계가 컸다. 이에 본 연구에서는 3차 원 환경에서 동적 시점에 대한 분석이 가능한 비지향성 다차원 가시도 분석(MDVC-N) 분석방법론을 제시하였으며, 3차원 컴퓨터그래픽기술을 이용하여 분석어플리케이션을 구축하고, 시점과 대상점을 설정하는 스크립트 구조를 설계하였다. 여기 에 고저차를 갖는 지형에 다양한 높이의 건물이 배치되어 있는 복합화된 대지를 예시모델로 적용하여 분석방법론을 검증하 고 입지별 대안의 시각적 특성을 파악하였다. 연구를 통하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 1) 6개의 대안을 설정하여 정량적인 가시도를 측정할 수 있었다. 2) 3차원 그래프로 재현하여 직관적인 분석이 가능하였다. 3)공간구문론의 국부통합도 를 공간이용행태 변수로 보정한 결과를 산출함으로서 분석의 적용성을 향상시켰다. The location selection of the element that should guarantee easy visual perception, like the landmark, is the a topic that appears much in the design process. Recently, a graph analysis technique using computers has been applied in order to evaluate the visibility of the visual element, but the analytic frame is flat and the setting of the visual pont and the matrix are fixed so there were great limitations in obtaining the results of the practical analysis. Thus, this study presented Nondirectional Multi-Dimensional Calculation (MDVC-N), an analytic methodology available for the analysis of the dynamic visual point in the 3D environment. It thus attempted to establish the analytic application using the 3D computer graphics technology and designed a script structure to set the visual point and the matrix. In addition to that, this study tried to verify the analytic methodology by applying the complex land as an example model, where buildings in various heights of terrains with a high-differences are located, verifying the same analytic methodology. It thus tried to identify the visual characteristics of each alternative location. The following results were gained from the study. 1) The visibility can be measured quantitatively trough the application of the 6-alternatives. 2) Using the 3dimensional graph, intuitive analysis was possible. 3) It attempted to improve the analytic applicability by calculating the results corrected as a variable behavior from the local integration variable of the space syntax.

엘크 사슴육의 물리화학적, 지방산 조성 및 관능적 품질 특성

김일석,진상근,하경희,박석태,곽경락,박정권,강양수,Kim Il-Suk,Jin Sang-Keun,Hah Kyung-Hee,Park Seok-Tae,Kwuak Kyung-Rak,Park Jung-Kwon,Kang Yang-Su 한국축산식품학회 2006 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.26 No.1

본 연구는 엘크 사슴고기(Elk deer, Cervus elaphus andadensis)에서 생산된 등심(T1)과 뒷다리 부위(T2)에 대한 품질특성을 파악코자 실시되었으며, 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. T2가 T1보다 수분 함량은 낮고, 단백질 함량은 높았으며, 전단가는 낮고 보수력은 높았다. 육색 측정 결과 T1 및 T2 간 명도, 적색도, 황색도 모두 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 조직 특성 조사에서 경도, 부착성, 검성 및 파쇄성은 유의적인 차이가 있었으나, 응집성과 탄력성은 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 지방산 조성은 T2가 myristic acid와 linoleic acid의 함량이 각각 5.06와 10.37%로 T1이 유의적으로 높았으며(p<0.05), palmitoleic acid는 그 반대였다. SFA와 UFA는 두 부위 간 유의적인 차이가 없었으나 EFA는 T1이 유의적으로 높았다. 전체적인 기호도는 유의적인 차이 없이 신선육에서 T2가 다소 높았고, 가열육에서는 오히려 다소 낮게 나타났다. This study was carried out to evaluate the quality characteristics on the two different muscles (Loin; T1, Ham; T2) from the Cervus elaphus andadensis (Elk deer). The water content and shear force of T1 were lower than that of T2. The protein content and water holding capacity were lower in T2 compared to the T1. In meat color, $L^*,\;a^*\;and\;b^*$ values were not different between T1 and T2. In the texture properties, there were significantly (p<0.05) differences in hardness, adhesiveness, gumminess and brittleness, but cohesiveness and springiness were not different significantly (p<0.05). In fatty acid analysis, myristic acid and linoleic acid of T2 were high (p<0.05) as 5.06 and 10.37% respectively, while palmitoleic acid of T1 were significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of T2. SFA and UFA were not different between the T1 and T2, although EFA of T1 was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of T2. In sensory evaluation, acceptability of T2 in fresh meat showed the slightly high, but that of T2 in cooked meat was slightly low score. All samples were not significantly different in overall acceptability.

건축설계도면 표준 Sheet Layout 에 관한 연구

김석태(Suk Tae Kim),이공희(Kong Hee Lee),김용성(Yong Seong Kim) 한국기초조형학회 2001 기초조형학연구 Vol.2 No.2

The Planning Documents are the communication among the persons who concern with the construction of the building. With the specific documents, they contain all of the information of the building and play a role as the virtual building in the verification and approval of the architectural design process. In the past, the Drafting, the conventional handworked drawing, is not more than the visual communication. But, now the drafting sheets with the CAD System become the more precision and can contain the electronic data. According to the Object Oriented of the CAD System, the possibility of the cooperated of the architectural design and the managements of the informational projects becomes high. But, unfortunately it is hard to reach the highly-efficient managements of the architectural information because of the nonstandardized of the building CALS on the drafting sheets. This study is the first step of the three steps of the research of the information-oriented architectural drafting sheets. I will discuss the functional drawing sheet design through the review of the visual and informational meaning of the draft sheet in conformity with the international standard.