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      • KCI등재

        제품디자인의 상징적 표현에 관한 사례연구 - 카림 라시드의 작품을 중심으로

        김병수 한국기초조형학회 2023 기초조형학연구 Vol.24 No.5

        A symbol is something that gives free objectivity to an abstract concept with multiple meanings of an object by combining past experiences or emotional elements and expressing it to the outside through some medium or new image. In product design, symbolic expressions are used as a useful means of conveying the designer’s abstract intentions to users through indirect substitutes. The purpose for this research is to supplement the concept of symbolism as a part of problem-solving methodology in the design process and refine the academic system, and based on these results, to break away from the ambiguity of abstract concepts in the practice-based process in order to establish the creative thinking based on intuition with objectivity. In turn, Karim Rashid, a worldwide famous designer who aggressively reflects symbolic design elements in his product design works, was set as the scope of the research. For a total of 161 product design projects started from 1985 to 2021 posted on Karim Rashid’s official website, conclusions were drawn through analysis of each element of the expression results of symbolic design elements such as shape, color, and pattern (graphics). As a result, the symbolic expression of Karim Rashid’s work was shown as organic design elements based on extreme minimalism, and the use of pink and high-saturation colors created a more dramatic effect by combining with the form elements. On the other hand, it was confirmed that the graphic effects with symbolic patterns were shown as somewhat limited factors in his product design works. The significance of this study could be found in that Karim Rashid was a designer who actively used symbolic elements in his design works, established his own design world by using the concepts of symbols to externally express the inner human instincts and desires, and by visually confirming the diversity of expression mode in product design.

      • KCI등재

        옴니 채널에서 오프라인 채널과 모바일 채널의 서비스 경험이 브랜드 충성도에 미치는 영향: 커피 전문점을 중심으로

        김병수,김대길 한국지식경영학회 2022 지식경영연구 Vol.23 No.1

        Omni-channel enables businesses to provide a seamless customer experience by organically integrating data from multiple channels. Customers have increasingly used mobile applications to place orders and make payments in offline stores. In such context, this study investigated the effects of customer experiences on brand loyalty via offline and mobile channels. Additionally, it examined the role of habit in establishing brand loyalty in a daily service environment. This study confirmed the importance of functional, human, and mechanical cues on perceived value in the offline channel. Additionally, differences in the influence of customer experiences via offline and mobile channels on brand loyalty were examined at based on the age and gender. The research model was empirically validated using survey data collected from 365 customers who visit coffee chains via mobile applications. The analysis results found that both perceived value of offline stores and loyalty to mobile applications have a significant effect on brand loyalty. Habit plays another critical role in enhancing brand loyalty. The findings of this study help service providers better understanding of the formation mechanism of brand loyalty in the context of omni channel and will be able to develop more effective marketing and operations strategies.

      • KCI등재

        청소년이 인식하는 가족기능이 스마트폰 의존에 미치는 영향: 스트레스 대처방식의 매개효과를 중심으로

        김병수 한국청소년시설환경학회 2022 청소년시설환경 Vol.20 No.3

        The purpose of the study was to explore the smartphone dependence tendency and family function perceived by youth and to find out mediating effect of stress coping strategies. The participants in this study were 313 youths attending middle school, high school, college located in jeon-buk. Spss 25.0 and PROCESS macro 35.0 program were used for descriptive analysis. The results were as follows: first, difference analysis according to gender, male students showed higher family function and passive coping strategies in comparison with female students. And significant differences were found in active coping and passive coping strategies according to grades. Second, it was verified that family function affect stress coping strategies, family function to smartphone dependence, and stress coping strategies to smartphone dependence. Third, the partial mediating effect of passive coping style(wishful thinking) was significant in the influence of family function on smartphone dependence. These results provide important implications for the counseling intervention of youth who are dependent on smartphones.

      • KCI등재

        분산이 미지인 두 정규모집단의 평균 비교

        김병수,오동관,정우석 한국자료분석학회 2009 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.11 No.2

        In the data analysis, it is fundamental to test equality of two population means with samples from independent normal distribution. In many cases we do not know the population variance, thus we do not know whether two population variances are equal. In that cases, sometimes preliminary variances equality test is used. If the null hypothesis is not rejected, then Studenet's t-test is performed, otherwise Satterthwaite's t-test is performed. In this articles, we make a comparison three tests; always performing Student's t-test(AT), always performing Satterthwaite's t-test(AS), performing Student's t-test or Satterthwaite's t-test(SS) according to the result of preliminary variance equality test. From the comparison of the sizes and powers of tests with exact calculation and simulation, we get that AT and SS may have serious bias in size. Also we get that the bias of AS is not serious and SS has similar power as AT and SS when two tests are not biased in size. Thus AS is recommended to test of means equality when the population variance is unknown. 정규분포를 따르는 두 모집단으로부터 추출된 독립표본에서 모평균이 다른지에 대한 검정은 통계자료를 다루는 데 기본적인 검정이다. 우리가 접하는 대부분의 자료들은 분산이 같은지 알 수 없는 경우가 많으며, 많은 교재와 연구에서는 분산동일성 검정을 수행하고 그 결과에 따라 스튜던트 t-검정 또는 Satterthwaite t-검정의 평균동일성 검정을 시행하는 2단계 검정법을 채택하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 분산동일성 검정에 관계 없이 항상 스튜던트 t-검정을 시행하는 검정(AT), 분산동일성 검정에 관계 없이 항상 Satterthwaite t-검정을 시행하는 검정(AS), 그리고 분산동일성 검정 결과에 따라 스튜던트 t-검정 또는 Satterthwaite t-검정을 시행하는 검정(SS)에 대해서 다루었다. AT와 SS는 모분산이 같은 경우에는 검정의 크기에서 좋은 성질을 보이지만, 분산이 다른 경우에는 심각한 편의를 보인다. AS는 검정크기에 편의가 있는 경우도 있지만 크지 않으며 검정력도 AT와 SS에 비해 크게 떨어지지 않는다. 따라서, 두 모집단의 평균비교에서 두 모분산이 같은 지 모를 때에는 AT나 SS보다는 AS 검정법을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.

      • KCI등재

        피부온도의 시간적 변화에 대한 통계모형 비교

        김병수,정경석 한국자료분석학회 2006 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.8 No.2

        This study focused on statistical models for the skin temperature data changing by time. We considered nonlinear regression model, first order autoregressive model, and neural networks as statistical models. The data is three adult's right cheek skin temperatures obtained by time for exposures to -20℃ and 0m/s 다양한 기상요소 중에서 기온과 풍속은 사람의 피부온도변화에 서로 연관되어 많은 영향을 미치며 주어진 기상조건에서 사람의 피부온도는 시간에 따라 특정한 패턴을 가지고 변한다. 추운 곳에 노출된 사람의 피부온도는 처음에는 급격하게 떨어지다가 평형온도로 수렴하게 된다. 본 연구에서 고려한 자료는 기온이 -20℃이고 풍속이 0m/s

      • KCI등재

        공공건설공사 공사기간 산정모델에 관한 연구

        김병수,전진구,Kim, Byeong-Soo,Chun, Jin-Ku 한국건설관리학회 2005 건설관리 : 한국건설관리학회 학회지 Vol.6 No.6

        공공 건설공사에 있어서 발주관청에서 산정한 예정공사기간과 실제 공사기간 사이에 차이가 발생하여 당초 계획했던 프로젝트가 예정준공일보다 지연되는 경우가 빈번하게 발생한다. 이는 공사지연에 따른 시공 중 문제점뿐만 아니라 시설물사용 계획의 차질로 초래되는 물류비용증가, 시민불편가중, 시설물을 이용한 생산 및 공급차질과 이로 인한 각 분야의 막대한 손실 등으로 이어진다. 이러한 손실들을 줄이기 위해서는 발주시 산정하는 예정공사기간의 정확도를 높여야 한다. 본 연구는 발주관청의 예정공사기간 산정시 지표로 활용할 수 있는 공사기간보정요소를 포함하는 예정공사기간 산정모델을 제시하여 적정공사기간을 확보함으로서 시공 중의 공기 연장 빈도를 줄이고 나아가서는 공공 프로젝트의 성공적인 운영에 기여하고자 한다. On public constructions, that the first planed projects delay than the scheduled completion day occurrence frequently because gap between the scheduled construction durations and the actual construction durations. These facts connect with not only problems of the construction during as the construction delay but also brought about the distribution costs increase as the failure of facility use plan and the people discomfort weight, failure of the production and the supply using facility then tremendous loss of each part etc. For reduce these loss, it must improve accuracy of the scheduled construction duration estimating when it order. This study try contribute to a successful manage of public project and reduce the construction duration extension frequent of the construction during, and then ensure the suitable construction duration by present the estimation model of the scheduled construction duration that include the construction duration correct element using as an index on the scheduled construction duration estimation.

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