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김규성(Kim Gyu-Seong) 한국교회사연구소 2009 敎會史硏究 Vol.0 No.32
The purpose of this thesis is to find out about the process to seek Korean entry route of French missionaries. Bishop Ferreol envisioned this work. And Father Kim-Dae-Geon(金大建) practiced it. This thesis also put great emphasis on the exploitation of the entry route through the seaway of the West Sea. There were several attempts to seek entry route of missionaries before 1843: Bishop Ferreol was appointed to Korean Vicar Apostolic in that year. In those days, the envoy's march which Korea(Jo-seon) sent to China(Cheong) was in existence. They used the route through Ui-ju Byeon-mun(義州 邊門). The emissaries of Korean church utilized this route. Father Ju-Mun-Mo entered through this way. Three French missionaries also came in by similar way. But this route was interrupted after 1839's Persecution. On December 1842, Kim-Dae-Geon searched around Ui-ju Byeon-mun. He met Kim Francisco on the envoy's march of the Winter Solstice at that time. The whole circumstances of 1839's Persecution and the situation of Korean church were reported on the outside. The connection with Korean church have been cut off since 1839's Persecution. It restored in the third year. He tried out infiltration in Korea after succeeding to contact with emissary. He wanted to take Father Maistre in Korea. Therefore he entered alone to Korea on February of the next year. But he should return as it failed to attain the desired end. Bishop Ferreol was appointed to Korean Vicar Apostolic in 1843. After that, he envisioned the entry route to penetrate effectively in Korea. And he selected Father Kim with practician of his plot. He was a seminarian at that time. Bishop Ferreol thought that Korean priest effectively would practice this plot. Besides Father Kim had courage, bravery and geographical faculty. These became important backgrounds that he was selected. At first, they envisioned and attempted the plan to enter through a land route. This route is passing Ui-ju Byeon-mun or the Northeast. Kim-Dae-Geon directly explored this area and attempted a entry. But this didn't succeed. The reason was that it would be dangerous to french missionaries of different appearance. Besides a guard of the frontier had been solemn since 1839's Persecution. Bishop Ferreol also envisioned entry through the Seaway of The West Sea on behalf of a land route. Bishop Imbert and Father Maubant had already devised this plan. In 1840, Bishop Ferreol discovered the letter which contain this scheme. He probably has referred to this letter. Kim-Dae-Geon was ordained deacon on December 1844. Thereafter he entered to Korea alone. Then he received direction from Bishop Ferreol to inquire the plan to enter through the Seaway of the West Sea. When he went to Shang-hai(上海) to be ordained priest, he passed by seaway. He was ordained priest on August 1845. After that, he entered to Korea with Bishop Ferreol and Father Daveluy by similar way. However the seaway also was dangerous and uncertain because of strict surveillance and wind wave. So Bishop Ferreol envisioned a method to use Chinese fishing craft to come and go in coast of Hwang-hai-do(黃海道) for a fishery. And he commanded exploitation of entry route by this method to Father Kim. Father Kim was arrested on the way exploration of this coast for this work. And he died for his belief. The exploitation of entry route was shrunk for a little time due to aftereffect of Father Kim's arrest and martyr. But it was continued to attempt to enter by Ui-ju Byeon-mun and coast of Hwang-hai-do in the long run. Father Choi-Yang-Eob(崔良業) entered to Korea by Ui-ju Byeon-mun on December 1849. Three missionaries including Bishop Berneux arrived in Korea by coast of Hwang-hai-do on March 1856. Thereafter another missionaries used similar seaway. In addition, Father Kim had already made geographics datas on his way to exploit. They were utilized to entry of missionaries actually. The attempt of Korean Entry of French Missionarie
김규성(Kim Gyu-Seong) 한국교회사연구소 2012 敎會史硏究 Vol.0 No.40
The purpose of this thesis is to find out the background and the Evolvement of the Countermeasure against Russia before the 1866’s persecution(Byeongin-bakhae, 丙寅迫害). However this Countermeasure was not offered by extemporary circumastantial judgement of the Korean Catholic. It was possible because of associated backgrounds. And it is important to be associated with a stance of the Korean Catholic between the Western strength and the Korean royal court in the mid-nineteenth century. These backgrounds have two thing. The one is attempt of diplomatic negotiation by French missionary. And the other is approach of Russia to Korea(Jo-seon, 朝鮮). These missionaries have considered diplomatic negotiation along with french armed intervention by these letters. Then Russians have overpassed a frontier since 1864. And catholic believers attempted to gain religious liberty on this occasion. They were empathizing to gain freedom of worship through the negotiation. Certain pricipal believers actually tried to clinch a conference between Bishop Berneux and the Prince Regent(H?ngseon-Daewongun, 興宣大院君). But this attempt was frustrated. As a result of it was connected up with catasrtophe. Besides such things leaded to suspicion that these missionaries have got involved in Korean politics, and for that reason Father Calais elucidated the subject. This Countermeasure had a crucial limitation that members of catholic missed each other estimation about the Prince Regent. And they had perception gap about this plan. Even if this plan ended on failure, it was practical and concrete way in the course of the freedom through the negotiation. We also can know that the then Korean Catholic tried to find a method of coexistence with Korean Dynasty without dependence upon the Occidental military force in their own way.
지열에너지에 관한 융합인재교육 프로그램이 초등학생의 에너지 문제에 대한 인식과 태도에 미치는 영향
김규성(Kim, Gyu Seong),소금현(So, Keum-Hyun 에너지기후변화교육학회 2021 에너지기후변화교육 Vol.11 No.1
본 연구에서는 지열에너지에 관한 융합인재교육 프로그램을 개발하고 초등학생들에게 적용하여 에너지 문제에 대한 인식과 태도에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 초등학교 6학년 학생 22명을 대상으로 연구를 실시하였으며, 에너지 문제에 대한 인식 및 태도에 관한 사전․사후 검사 결과를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지열에너지에 관한 융합인재교육 프로그램은 초등학생들의 에너지문제에 대한 인식에 긍정적인 영향을 주었다. 둘째, 지열에너지에 관한 융합인재교육 프로그램은 초등학생들의 에너지 문제에 대한 태도에도 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 지열에너지에 관한 융합인재교육 프로그램을 마친 후, 학생들의 과학에 대한 호기심 및 흥미가 높아졌고, 일상생활과 연결지으려는 노력을 하게 되었다. 학생들이 직접 에너지에 대해 조사활동을 해 보고, 에너지를 발생시키는 과정에서 유의미한 결과가 나온 것으로 보인다. The purpose of this study was to develop a STEAM program on geothermal energy and apply it to elementary school students to find out the effect on the perception and attitude of energy problems. To this end, a study was conducted on 22 6th grade elementary school students, and the results of pre- and post-tests on perceptions and attitudes about energy problems were analyzed. The results of this study were as follows. First, the STEAM program on geothermal energy had a positive effect on elementary school students’ perception of energy problems. Second, the STEAM program on geothermal energy had a positive effect on elementary school students’ attitudes toward energy problems. Third, after completing the STEAM program on geothermal energy, students’ curiosity and interest in science increased, and they tried to connect with daily life. There seems to be significant results in the process of generating energy after the students conducted their own research on energy.