인천광역시 원도심 공원녹지 기본계획 현황 및 이용 평가

이석현,김하늘,곽동화,Lee, Seok-Hyun,Kim, Haneul,Kwack, Dongwha 인천대학교 도시과학연구원 2018 도시과학 Vol.7 No.2

The purpose of this study is to review and evaluate the proper planning for 2030 Incheon Urban Parks & Green Space Master Plan. Some of the plans are aimed at multiple small districts within the city's old town, as local governments are planned to be sub-subsidized by Incheon Metropolitan City. However, these plans have become simple plans for each district and therefore find it difficult to collect from the perspective of the using system of the residents who are directly used. First, the construction of the urban park and green space network requires the construction of a service using system that can be felt by the users. Second, the basic idea of each district planned as the detailed strategy of the master plan should be planned through consultation with nearby the district. Third, specific targets and directions for the urban park and green space plan through the urban development project are needed.

구도심 안전마을디자인의 참여형 프로세스 사례연구

이석현(Seokhyun Lee),곽동화(Dongwha Kwack) 한국디자인학회 2016 디자인학연구 Vol.29 No.3

사회적 교류의 장으로서 학교와 노인복지관의 복합화 공간계획

이도현 ( Lee Dohyun ),곽동화 ( Kwack Dongwha ) 한국공간디자인학회 2020 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.15 No.7

(Background and purpose) Korea’s population is rapidly aging, and there is a lack of facilities, especially in old downtown areas. On the other hand, the quality of life quality has improved and needs of living SOC has increased. In case of schools, experience-oriented education linked to the region has become important, and there is an increased need to change typical spaces. The school complex project was conducted only due to its business feasibility, and similar programs have been applied without considering the regionality. This study aims to demonstrate the possibility of new space planning for a complexation of a welfare center for the aged and an elementary school. (Method) A literature review and case analysis was conducted. Problems caused by the rapid aging of the population and the example of Japan were analyzed to derive the direction of the design. The findings were summed and analyzed, revealing the characteristics of cases analyzed in prior research and current projects for the complexation of public facilities promoted in Japan. The direction of the planning derived as a result of the analysis was applied to the design. (Results) 1) Safety, 2) Exchange Space, 3) Accessibility, and 4) Local Environment were derived accordingly. In addition, a) active retaining and using of outer space, b) separation of moving flow and entrance were applied through the analysis of projects currently underway. The site is Incheon Insu Elementary School, selected by comparing the ratio of empty classrooms, the aging of facilities, and the distribution density of the elderly population around the site, focusing on elementary schools within the neighborhood district unit in consideration of “accessibility.” The first design concept was “Together or Separately,” and access was separated by analyzing each user’s accessibility. In addition, by breaking away from the existing formalized school space and positioning low-rise mass distributed, various outdoor group activities could be respected. The space of the greenhouse could promote social exchanges between the elderly and students while separating the facilities. The second design concept was “gathering and dispersing,” where an underground space is assigned to each user group as a gathering and exchanging space, and on the ground level, each user can carry out their schedules. (Conclusion) This study applied the public facility complex of elementary schools and senior welfare centers to actual sites and proposed a new space to prevent social isolation among the elderly and respect the diversity of children to cope with the upcoming era of a demographic cliff. The proposed plan may be difficult to uniformly implement because it facilitates the interests of the relevant groups and space needs vary as per the region. However, the design direction and corresponding space elements are meaningful and valuable to be applied to school complexes as places for social interaction in the future.

공공주택 공유공간의 계획 경향에 관한 연구 -대한민국 공공주택 설계 공모대전을 중심으로-

김진희 ( Kim Jinhee ),곽동화 ( Kwack Dongwha ),나현규 ( Na Hyeongyu ) 한국공간디자인학회 2021 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.16 No.3

(Background and Purpose) In the process of industrialization, Korea has been supplying high-density residential apartments to solve the problem of housing shortages. The apartments that were developed by maximizing the area of unit housing and minimized sharing space resulted in a lack of community. To solve these problems, changes to community recovery have been attempted in recent Public Housing proposals and plans to use sharing space as a central point have been proposed. In addition, new plans for sharing space are also being proposed as people's daily lives change due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study aims to propose the direction of developing sharing space by identifying the planning characteristics and trends of sharing space in the recent Public Housing plan. (Method) The subjects of the research analysis were the winners of the 2019 and 2020 Public Housing Design Competition. As a research method, theoretical considerations of such sharing space is conducted. Based on this, the components of the sharing space were derived through case analysis by Public Housing type. The relationship between physical spatial planning characteristics of derived elements and programs was analyzed to identify the tendency of Public Housing sharing space. (Results) The components of sharing space can grasp the different physical space characteristics depending on the type of Public Rental Housing, and the results of the comprehensive analysis are as follows. First, the path of the intermediate territoriality is designed as a through-type path in the complex considering the context of the surrounding urban organization, and local residents tend to use it together. Second, in general, the yard tends to be designed for both internal type and open type, distinguishing the space of residents from the space available to local residents. Third, when community facilities face two sides of the yard, the yard forms closed spaces and open spaces depending on whether they face an inner yard or an open yard. Fourth, when intermediate territoriality interacts with local residents, a continuous flow of intermediate territoriality and programs can help increase contact between local residents and residents. In addition, a new trend of sharing space for COVID-19 Prevention induces selective or essential encounters in sharing space through the distributed placement of through-type paths and internal yards. (Conclusions) As a result of this study, the recent Public Housing plan showed a tendency to plan an independent sharing space for residents and sharing space for the local residents in addition to the trend of sharing spaces to prevent COVID-19. Therefore, this study will serve as the basis for revitalizing the residents' community and strengthening the local community by presenting the direction of development when planning the sharing space of Public Housing in the future.

공동주택단지 보행자전용도로의 기능 확장과 개선방안 사례연구

김진희 ( Kim¸ Jinhee ),곽동화 ( Kwack¸ Dongwha ) 한국공간디자인학회 2021 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.16 No.7

(Background and Purpose) After industrialization in Korea in the 1960s, urbanization progressed and quantity-oriented apartments were supplied. Apartments, existing exclusively in an urban space, caused a disconnect from the outside world. Consequently, the role and importance of pedestrian spaces that constitute the exterior space of apartment housing were overlooked. The pedestrian-only roads are not only an axis space for passage or movement, but are also a space that can be converted into an area where residents' living functions and interaction with neighbors occur as the smallest unit constituting a local community. This study examines the functional expansion of pedestrian-only roads in residential complexes, proposing the role and effectiveness of pedestrian-only roads for the regeneration of residential complexes. (Method) The study subject selected was pedestrian-only roads between residential complexes, that actively linked to neighboring urban infrastructures. The spatial scope of the study are the pedestrian-only roads between Sorae Humansia Complex 1 and 3 in Namdong-gu, Incheon, with a width of about 9m and a length of about 334m. First, the qualitative components of the pedestrian environment and activities that occur in the pedestrian space are considered through previous studies and literature data. Second, the framework of the analysis is prepared based on theoretical consideration; additionally, behavior observation and pedestrian environment survey are conducted through field observation. Third, an improvement plan for pedestrian-only roads is derived and the direction is proposed by combining the analysis results. Fourth, the effectiveness of the improvement plan is examined through expert evaluation. (Results) Because of the analysis of pedestrian behavior and the qualitative evaluation of the pedestrian environment, most of the current pedestrian-only roads showed behaviors of essential activities, such as walking, and other functions of the pedestrian space―except usability, safety, and comfort ―were low. Thus, the improvement of pedestrian-only roads was derived, and the improvement plan was proposed following the direction of the spatial plan. Rest and community spaces were created using unused spaces; commercial and cultural education facilities were created using existing housing; and public activities and cultural program s were created through the corridor-type arrangement of community facilities. (Conclusions) In this study, the pedestrian-only road―generally constructed in apartment complexes of a certain size or larger in Korea, was expanded to function as public property shared by the community and to maximize its function as a space to interact with the local community. This improvement direction is meaningful in that it can form new communities with neighbors and solve social problems, such as disconnection and alienation. Further, it can be a reference for the improvement plans of other pedestrian-only roads.

주민센터를 활용한 대피소의 공간구성에 관한 연구

정주영(Jung Jooyoung),염태준(Yeom Taejun),곽동화(Kwack Dongwha),박미진(Park Mijin) 한국방재학회 2018 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.18 No.3

재난의 발생 빈도 및 규모가 나날이 예상하기 어려워지며, 도시의 과밀화가 심화됨에 따라 재난재해에 효과적으로 대응하기 위한 효율적인 대피소 확보에 대한 필요성이 점차 증가하고 있다. 이와 같은 사회적 상황에서, 행정안전부에 의해 대피소로서 지정되어 있는 주민센터를 중심으로 보다 효율적인 대피소의 시설 및 공간 구성 개선을 위해, 일본의 대피소 사례와 비교 분석 하였다. 이와 같은 분석 결과를 바탕으로 현재 주민센터를 비롯한 주민 커뮤니티 시설이 대피소로서 효율적으로 활용되기 위한 방안을 제시하였다. As it has become steadily more difficult to predict the frequency and size of disasters and the overcrowding of cities has intensified, the need for effective shelters to cope with disasters is continuously increasing. To improve the facilities and spatial organization of shelters more efficiently in this social situation, the facilities of community service centers designated as shelters by the Ministry of Public Administration and Security of Korea were compared and analyzed with the cases of Japan’s shelters. Based on this analysis, this study proposed methods to efficiently utilize resident community facilities including community service centers as shelters.