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      • KCI등재

        센서 네트워크에서 장애물 극복을 위한 방향기반의 라우팅 기법

        고영일(Young Il Ko),박창섭(Chang Sup Park),손인근(In Keun Son),김명호(Myoung Ho Kim) 한국정보과학회 2006 정보과학회논문지 : 정보통신 Vol.33 No.6

        Geographic routing protocols are very attractive choice for routing in wireless sensor networks because they have been shown to scale better than other alternatives. Under certain ideal conditions, geographic routing works correctly and efficiently. The most commonly used geographic routing protocols include greedy forwarding coupled with face routing. Existing face routing algorithms use planarization techniques that rely on the unit-graph assumption. In real world, many conditions violate the unit-graph assumption of network connectivity, such as location errors, communication voids and radio irregularity, cause failure in planarization and consequently face routing. In this paper, we propose the direction-based geographic routing, which enables energy efficient routing under realistic conditions without planarization techniques. Our proposed approach is for the case in which many sensors need to collect data and send it to a central node. Simulation results show that the protocol exhibits superior performances in terms of energy consumption, delivery success rate, and outperforms the compared protocols. 센서 네트워크에서는 센서노드들 사이에 다양한 형태의 장애물들이 존재할 수 있다. 이러한 장애물들로 인하여 라우팅 과정에서 해결해야 할 여러 가지 문제점들이 발생하게 된다. 즉, 장애물을 우회하는 과정에서 극복경로가 지나치게 길어질 수 있다. 따라서, 장애물이 많은 환경에서도 에너지 효율적으로 경로를 생성할 수 있는 라우팅 기법이 요구된다. 기존의 위치기반 라우팅 기법은 장애물 극복을 위해 전체 네트워크 그래프를 평면 그래프(planar graph)로 변환하는 과정을 필요로 한다. 이 과정에서 실제 네트워크 토폴로지가 왜곡됨으로 인해 여러 가지 문제점들이 발생할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 목적지 중심의 극 좌표계를 기반으로 센서의 위치를 결정하고, 플라나 과정 없이 장애물을 적응적으로 극복할 수 있는 방향기반의 라우팅 기법을 제안한다. 또한, 실험을 통하여 제안 방법이 장애물을 회피하는 과정에서 에너지 효율적인 경로를 생성함을 보인다.

      • 컴퓨터를 이용한 3D 의류 원형 제작 및 검증

        고영아(Young-Ah Ko),최현숙(Hyeon-Sook Choi),최봉욱(Bong Ouk Choi),전인용(In-Yong Jeon),고형석(Hyeong-Seok Ko) 한국HCI학회 2009 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.2

        기존의 의류 제작 공정에 있어 대량 생산에 들어가기 전, 제품의 원형을 제작하는 단계는 매우 빈번한 실패를 동반하는 과정이다. 원하는 디자인으로 완성된 제품을 얻기 위해 수많은 시행착오를 거치게 되며, 이 과정에서 원단, 자재, 인력이 지속적으로 투입되고 그 결과 비용, 혹은 일정 상의 손실을 초래하기도 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 의류 원형 제작 과정을 실제 옷을 만들어보는 것이 아닌, 컴퓨터의 3D 환경 안에서 가상의 옷을 만들고 시뮬레이션 하여 가상의 모델에 입혀보는 것으로 대체하는 방법을 제안한다. 이 과정에서 그간 컴퓨터 그래픽스 분야를 중심으로 발전해왔던 의류 시뮬레이션 기술을 적극 도입, 활용한다. 그리고 이러한 과정을 거쳐 만들어진 3D 의류가 실제 의류 원형과 어느 정도 일치하는지를 비교분석 함으로써 이 기술이 의류 생산 과정에 적용가능한지를 검증한다. In garment manufacturing process, making a prototype of a product is a preceding part ahead of mass production. However, it takes up a lot of trial and error, let alone the expense in the past manufacturing system. In this paper we introduce the process which can replace the past one with using recently developed computer graphics technique. We also demonstrate this method is valid on a variety of clothes compared to the real experiments. In this process, a designer can make a garment, simulate it in 3D computer system, and easily fix the problems before finalizing a prototype.

      • 희년의 경제윤리 관점에서 본 남북한 경제협력

        고영은(Young-Eun Ko) 영남신학대학교 2015 신학과 목회 Vol.43 No.-

        In this thesis, the development of the inter-Korean relationship for the reunification and peaceful stability was approached in the economic point of view. On the assumption of the reunification, this study analyzed the theological position of the jubilee economy for the jubilee economy approach to enhance the economic exchanges and cooperation between the South and the North. For the analysis, this study looked into the understanding of Prof. Jeong-sun Noh who argued ‘jubilee economy’ and the theological arguments by John Howard Yoder, a member of the Mennonites, who argued economic sharing from the peaceful perspective, and Johan Galtung’s principles of peace. Under the theological premise, to investigate the feasibility of the ‘jubilee economy’ for the reunification and peace in the Korean peninsula, this researcher examined the possibilities of the jubilee economy in three aspects. The first one was to analyze the economic structure of the North and the feasibility of the jubilee economy. The North Korean economy has quickly deteriorated in the late 1990s, and since then the market economy has been spread in the North on a full scale. On one hand, the spread of the market economy threats the planned economy of the North, and on the other hand it features systematic supplementation. It means that the North advocates the planned economy as a socialist economy system in order to keep its regime, and at the same time adopts the market economy. In other words, the North has dual-economy structure. Such a fact is a definite key to increasing the possibility and necessity of inter-Korean economic cooperation in the dimension of jubilee economy. The second one was to analyze the North Korean economy system and the benefits and cost of the reunification. Such an analysis was required to understand the economic value and necessity of the ‘jubilee economy’ for the reunification. The necessity of the jubilee economy was found through the analysis of the benefits and cost of the reunification in the economic point of view. In terms of benefits, the jubilee economy can help improve the social and economic values of the reunification before the two Koreas are reunified, increase the peace and stability in the Korean peninsula, and prevent and save the cost of reunification after the South and the North are reunified. The third one was to analyze the utility possibility of the jubilee economy through the case of Gaeseong Industrial Complex.

      • KCI등재

        Dextran Sodium Sulfate로 대장염을 유도한 흰쥐에서 캐피어 원말의 장보호 효과

        고영은(Ko Young Eun),김미경(Kim Mi Kyoung),조한영(Cho Han Young),이인영(Lee In Young),이선영(Ly Sun Yung) 韓國營養學會 2008 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.41 No.5

        캐피어 원말은 유산균, 효모, 다당 및 여러 영양성분을 다량 함유하고 있으며 장기능 개선 효능을 살펴보기 위하여 3주령의 수컷 흰쥐 (Sprague-Dawley)를 4군으로 나누어 정상대조군 (N군), DSS투여 대조군 (DC군)과 두 군의 캐피어 투여군으로 하여 대조군 사료와 캐피어 원말을 각각 1.5%와 3.0% 혼합한 사료로 3주간 사육하였다. 이 후 DSS 투여 대조군과 캐피어 투여군들에 5일간 2% DSS 음용수 동일한 양을 투여하여 경미한 대장염을 유도하였다. 대장염 유도 후 희생하여 소장 단백질 및 DNA 함량, 혈장 및 결장의 조직검사와 결장조직에서 TBARS와 MPO 활성, 혈장 백혈구에서의 DNA 손상 정도를 측정하였다. 실험 자료는 Windows용 SPSS package program version12.0을 이용하여 통계 처리하였고, 네 군간의 평균값의 차이를 검증하기 위하여 일원배치 분산분석 (one-way ANOVA)을 한 후, Duncan’s multiple range test로 변인간의 차이를 검증하였다. DSS 투여군 들에서 변 수분함량이 증가하고 음용수 섭취량이 증가하는 경향과 함께 결장의 조직검사 결과 DSS 투여군에서는 염증과 부종 증상을 관찰할 수 있었으며 식이무게의 3% 캐피어 원말 투여군에서는 재생성 변화를 볼 수 있었다. DSS를 투여받은 군들의 소장 점막 단백질 함량은 감소하는 경향을 보였으며 캐피어 3.0% 식이섭취한 군들에서는 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 DNA 함량에서는 차이를 볼 수 없었다. DSS 투여군에서는 결장조직의 TBARS 값이 유의적으로 증가하였으며 캐피어 투여군에서는 감소하였으나 캐피어 투여 용량에 따른 차이는 보이지 않았다. 혈장 TBARS와 결장조직의 MPO 활성은 군 간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. DSS 투여군에서는 혈액 백혈구 DNA의 tail length가 유의하게 증가하였으며 캐피어투여군에서는 감소하였다. 따라서 약 4주간 캐피어 원말의 투여는 2%의 DSS로 경미한 대장염을 유도한 흰쥐에서 결장 조직의 산화적 스트레스에 대한 저항력을 증가시켜 대장점막을 보호할 수 있는 기능이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. Probiotics have emerged as a potential treatment modality for numerous gastrointestinal disorders, including IBD. However, few probiotics have undergone appropriate preclinical screening in vivo. Kefir is considered a probiotic, benefiting the host through its effects in the intestinal tract. Despite numerous studies examining the action of probiotics on the host organism, few have analyzed the effects on intestinal environment. We assessed the protective effect of kefir for three weeks before inducing colitis with 2% dextran sodium sulfate for five days. The DSS loads were similar in all DSS treatment group. The results of the experiment are as follows. Food intake and FER of experimental groups were not significantly different each other, but water consumption tended to be higher in all DSS treatment groups as compared with the normal control. And visual inspection of feces revealed mild diarrhea in rat given 2% DSS. The anti-inflammatory activity of kefir was determined by myeloperoxidase activity during the DSS treatment, and there was no significant difference in any group. The levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as a colonic lipid peroxidation were significantly lower in the kefir intake groups than in rats treated with 2% DSS alone. The DNA % in tail and tail moment values as a DNA damage level of the blood lymphocytes in kefir intake groups tended to be lower than 2% DSS treatment alone, especially tail lengths were significantly diminished. According to the colonic histopathological assay, there were a severe inflammation of lamina propria and submucosa and mild edema in mucosa and sub mucosa in DSS alone treated group. We found a slight regenerative change in kefir treatment groups. In our experiments, this means that ulcerative colitis related to oxidative injury might be prevented by kefir as a probiotic. Further studies of the potential benefits of kefir as a probiotic in inflammatory condition are encouraged. (Korean J Nutr 2008; 41(5): 391 ~ 401)

      • 호흡 제어에 따른 임피던스 심장도와 지첨용적맥파에 관한 연구

        고영일 ( Young-il Ko ),박영배 ( Young-bae Park ),박영재 ( Young-jae Park ),이현수 ( Hyon-soo Lee ) 대한한의진단학회 2007 大韓韓醫診斷學會誌 Vol.11 No.1

        Purpose: We performed this study to examine the effect of controlled respiration on cardiovascular system in healthy adult subjects using impedance cardiography and photo-plethysmography. Materials and Methods: This study had performed on 74 subjects, which were healthy men and women without a experience of respiration practice. Using the instruments for impedance cardiography and photoplethysmography, parameters of each subject had been measured after each controlled respirations which were natural respiration, controlled natural respiration (I:E=1.1.6), longer inspiration(I:E=3:3), and longer expiration(I:E=2:4). The measured parameters of impedance cardiography and photoplethysmography were processed statistically by one-way repeated ANOVA. Results: 1. HR and CI of impedance cardiography were decreased significantly during controlled respiration comparing with the result of basal state(the state of enough break). There was no significant difference among the results of controlled respiration. 2. PEP of impedance cardiography had no significant difference among the result of basal state and the results of controlled respiration(p=0.059). 3. VI of impedance cardiography had significant differences among the result of basal state and the results of controlled respiration, and decreased continuously through the controlled respiration. 4. b/a of photoplethysmography had no significant difference among the result of basal state and the results of controlled respiration(p=0.554). 5. c/a of photoplethysmography were decreased significantly during controlled respiration comparing with the result of basal state. There was no significant difference among the results of controlled respiration. 6. d/a of photoplethysmography had significant differences among the results of the controlled respiration decreasing continuously through the controlled respiration and had no significant difference between the result of basal state and the result of natural respiration. 7. AGI of photoplethysmography had significant differences among the result of basal state and the results of the controlled respiration increasing continuously through the controlled respiration. Conclusion: We had examined the effects of controlled respirations on cardiovascular system in multiple points of view. The effects of controlled respirations on cardiovascular system can`t be explained in a simple way, as the cardiovascular system is controlled by many factors. Therefore, more physiological parameters must be measured in the future study on the effect of the controlled respiration on human cardiovascular system.

      • ADAMS를 이용한 상시 4륜 구동 차량의 운동 해석

        고영은(Young.E.Ko),오태일(Tae.I.Oh) 한국자동차공학회 1997 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.6_2

        The full-time 4WD(four-wheel-drive) vehicle which has a device to equalize the angular velocities of front and rear wheels always drives the whole wheels, while the conventional 4WD vehicle can drive four wheels by selection of the 4WD mode. The viscous coupling in full-time 4WD vehicle links the front propeller shaft to the rear one to rotate together, as well as permits them to have different revolution speeds in some ranges of the fluid friction. The ADAMs full vehicle model including the viscous coupling and the speed controller has been built to know the behavior of the full-time 4WD vehicle, and to verify the performance of the dynamic characteristics of it. Some simulation results of the acceleration and the cornering maneuver show that the full-time 4WD vehicle can improve stability and driveability in comparison with the conventional one.<br/>

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